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F111 Is hormone replacement therapy a risk factor for low back pain among postmenopausal women?
F109 (cant)
FlfO HEALTH STATUS AND CLIMACTERIC COMPLAINTS P~RIM~NOPAUSAL WOMEN IN HONG KONG
The women who stated that they had no vasomotor symptoms had a median Kuppertnan index of 3 (range O-IO), whereas women with v~omotor symptoms had a median of 23 (range 13-36). The results from the SCI test showed that women without vasomotor symptoms had a si~n~~c~tfy higher SC1 sum score than women with vasomotor symptoms (174.5 vs. 159.5: pcO.02, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test). The SC1 sum score did not change significantly in any group over the three months when women with vasomotor symptoms The EPI showed received estrogen replacement treatment. significantly higher neuroticism among women with symptoms than among those women who had no symptoms. One reason why some women do not experience v~omotor symptoms may be that they have a better stress-coping than those women, who suffer from vasomotor symptoms.
IN
Dcpartmcnt o!‘ Community LYLFamily Medicine. the Chinese university ol‘liong tiong. Shatin.Iiong Kong This paper reportsthe prevalenceof climactericsymptomsamong perinienopausa~ womenin I-Iong Kong and implicationsfor health services.Datawereobtainedfrom telephoneinterviewsof a random sample of I.08I womenaged44-55. Womenwith regularmenses in the pastyear weredefinedas premenopausal. no menses in the past I2 monthsaspos~lnenopausai. andno menses in the past3 monthsand/or with irregukarmenstruation pattern in the previous 12 monthsas perimenopausal. The sutjectswere askedto respondto symptoms experienced in the pasttwo weeksand the useof medicationin the previoussix months.The reportedsymptoms weregroupedinto broad categories: vasomotor.psychological, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratoryandsomatic.42.6%of perin~enopaus~ womenhadat least onevasomotor complaints whiletheproportions were17.8%and22.7% in pre- and postmenopausal women. Perimenopausal womenhad sj~i~cant~yhighermeannumberof corn~l~n~in all othersymptom categories.Statisticallysignificantassociations werefoundbdweenthe presence of vaomotorcomplaints andtheothersymptomcategories with the strongestcorrelation\\itl: ps!.chologicalcomplaints(r = 0.60). Womenwith poorself-rated healthhadalsosi~i~c~tly increasedrisk of vasomotorcomplaints.Comparedwith pre- andpostmenopausal women. signiticantl! rnorc ~~ri~l~nopau~alwomen were taking medicationsfor the rclisf of pains. stomachupset. menstruation problems.arthritis’muscir and joint problems. More attention shouldbe paid to the increasedps!‘chologicaland health needsof womenapproaclli~~~ mmopauss.
F112
Flll IS HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY A RISK FACTOR FOR LOW BACK PAIN AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN?
APPLIED
RELAXATION - A BEHAVIOURAL TREATMENT FOR VASOMOTOR SYMPTOMS AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN,
E E Neds~~~nd. A I Aiei~~. K If’@ms 31 l. ~u~?zj?z~~~, 3f B titrdgrm.
Departmentof Obstetrics& Gynecology,Faculty of HealthSciences, Dcpt Obstetrics& Gynaecology. University of Health Sciences, UniversityHospital,S - 581 85, Linksping,Sweden. LlniversityHospital,S-58185 Linkijping.Sweden Back pain is a common medical problem throughout life and especiallyduringpregnancy. Hormonalfactorshavebeenproposedasa possiblecontributor. The purposeof this study wasto assess whetherwomenwith hormO~d1 replacement treatmentafter menopause had a higherprevalenceof backproblemsthanwomenwithout suchtreatment. A validatedquestionnairewassentto all 1324womenaged55 and 56 yearsin a communityof Sweden. The questionnaire comprised questions of occupation.smokinghabits,parity, previousandcurrent backprobiems~ exerciseandcurrenthormonerepi~cement therapy. The questionnairewasreturnedfrom 84.7% of the women. There wasa significant,albeit weak positive associationbetweencurrent useof hormonereplacementtreatment. Womenwho had hormone replacementtreatmentwere signi~cantly more often smokersand had less heavyoccupationswith respectto physicalstrain. Previous hackpain duringpregnancywasa significantrisk factor for current prohlemshut the womenwho had experiencedback pain during pregnancywerenot moreproneto have hackpain duringhormonal replacement treatment.Currentsmokingwasnot a risk factor. Womenwith horinonaireplacementtreatmenthad a slightly, but significantly,higherprevalenceof currentback painthan non-users (48% vs 42%). This could not be explained by differencesin smoking habitsor occupation. Ho~onal effects on ligaments and joints arespeculated to he involved.
Many postlnenopausal tvomen.who sufferfrom e.g.hot flushes.may receivehormonalreplacement therapy(HRT). However.for medical as well as personalreasonsHRT is not applicablefor all women. Therefore,alternativesto hornlonaitr~atlnentneedto be developed. Thus,appliedrelaxation(AR). known from behaviouraltreatmentof anxiety disorders,wastestedin a clinical seriesof women.suffering from postmenopausal hot flushes. The seriescomprisedsix healthy womenwith natural menopause andhot flushes,AH womendaily registeredthe numberandseverity of flushesfrom two weeksbeforeto six ~~ont~~s after a 12 weeks period of training AR. They also completedquality of life questionnaires before, during and after the training period. The programme,executedby a physician(EN) trained in AR, folfowed preciselythe directionsof the AR trainingprogramme,andconsisted of group instructionsonehour per weekduring 12 weekscombined with trainingat hometwice a day. The numberof ffushesdecreased in all six womenduringthe 12weeks~ea~ent with AR. At the six monthsfollow up the numberof flusheshad decreased by 57-100% in five women,comparedto the pre-treatment period. In onewoman the flushesdecreased by only 34%. In conclusionthis clinical seriesof six postmenopausal women showeda pronounceddecreasein the numberof hot flushesby meansof a classicalAR progr~me. This effect persistedsix monthsafter the endof treatment.
FlfO HEALTH STATUS AND CLIMACTERIC COMPLAINTS P~RIM~NOPAUSAL WOMEN IN HONG KONG
The women who stated that they had no vasomotor symptoms had a median Kuppertnan index of 3 (range O-IO), whereas women with v~omotor symptoms had a median of 23 (range 13-36). The results from the SCI test showed that women without vasomotor symptoms had a si~n~~c~tfy higher SC1 sum score than women with vasomotor symptoms (174.5 vs. 159.5: pcO.02, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test). The SC1 sum score did not change significantly in any group over the three months when women with vasomotor symptoms The EPI showed received estrogen replacement treatment. significantly higher neuroticism among women with symptoms than among those women who had no symptoms. One reason why some women do not experience v~omotor symptoms may be that they have a better stress-coping than those women, who suffer from vasomotor symptoms.
IN
Dcpartmcnt o!‘ Community LYLFamily Medicine. the Chinese university ol‘liong tiong. Shatin.Iiong Kong This paper reportsthe prevalenceof climactericsymptomsamong perinienopausa~ womenin I-Iong Kong and implicationsfor health services.Datawereobtainedfrom telephoneinterviewsof a random sample of I.08I womenaged44-55. Womenwith regularmenses in the pastyear weredefinedas premenopausal. no menses in the past I2 monthsaspos~lnenopausai. andno menses in the past3 monthsand/or with irregukarmenstruation pattern in the previous 12 monthsas perimenopausal. The sutjectswere askedto respondto symptoms experienced in the pasttwo weeksand the useof medicationin the previoussix months.The reportedsymptoms weregroupedinto broad categories: vasomotor.psychological, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratoryandsomatic.42.6%of perin~enopaus~ womenhadat least onevasomotor complaints whiletheproportions were17.8%and22.7% in pre- and postmenopausal women. Perimenopausal womenhad sj~i~cant~yhighermeannumberof corn~l~n~in all othersymptom categories.Statisticallysignificantassociations werefoundbdweenthe presence of vaomotorcomplaints andtheothersymptomcategories with the strongestcorrelation\\itl: ps!.chologicalcomplaints(r = 0.60). Womenwith poorself-rated healthhadalsosi~i~c~tly increasedrisk of vasomotorcomplaints.Comparedwith pre- andpostmenopausal women. signiticantl! rnorc ~~ri~l~nopau~alwomen were taking medicationsfor the rclisf of pains. stomachupset. menstruation problems.arthritis’muscir and joint problems. More attention shouldbe paid to the increasedps!‘chologicaland health needsof womenapproaclli~~~ mmopauss.
F112
Flll IS HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY A RISK FACTOR FOR LOW BACK PAIN AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN?
APPLIED
RELAXATION - A BEHAVIOURAL TREATMENT FOR VASOMOTOR SYMPTOMS AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN,
E E Neds~~~nd. A I Aiei~~. K If’@ms 31 l. ~u~?zj?z~~~, 3f B titrdgrm.
Departmentof Obstetrics& Gynecology,Faculty of HealthSciences, Dcpt Obstetrics& Gynaecology. University of Health Sciences, UniversityHospital,S - 581 85, Linksping,Sweden. LlniversityHospital,S-58185 Linkijping.Sweden Back pain is a common medical problem throughout life and especiallyduringpregnancy. Hormonalfactorshavebeenproposedasa possiblecontributor. The purposeof this study wasto assess whetherwomenwith hormO~d1 replacement treatmentafter menopause had a higherprevalenceof backproblemsthanwomenwithout suchtreatment. A validatedquestionnairewassentto all 1324womenaged55 and 56 yearsin a communityof Sweden. The questionnaire comprised questions of occupation.smokinghabits,parity, previousandcurrent backprobiems~ exerciseandcurrenthormonerepi~cement therapy. The questionnairewasreturnedfrom 84.7% of the women. There wasa significant,albeit weak positive associationbetweencurrent useof hormonereplacementtreatment. Womenwho had hormone replacementtreatmentwere signi~cantly more often smokersand had less heavyoccupationswith respectto physicalstrain. Previous hackpain duringpregnancywasa significantrisk factor for current prohlemshut the womenwho had experiencedback pain during pregnancywerenot moreproneto have hackpain duringhormonal replacement treatment.Currentsmokingwasnot a risk factor. Womenwith horinonaireplacementtreatmenthad a slightly, but significantly,higherprevalenceof currentback painthan non-users (48% vs 42%). This could not be explained by differencesin smoking habitsor occupation. Ho~onal effects on ligaments and joints arespeculated to he involved.
Many postlnenopausal tvomen.who sufferfrom e.g.hot flushes.may receivehormonalreplacement therapy(HRT). However.for medical as well as personalreasonsHRT is not applicablefor all women. Therefore,alternativesto hornlonaitr~atlnentneedto be developed. Thus,appliedrelaxation(AR). known from behaviouraltreatmentof anxiety disorders,wastestedin a clinical seriesof women.suffering from postmenopausal hot flushes. The seriescomprisedsix healthy womenwith natural menopause andhot flushes,AH womendaily registeredthe numberandseverity of flushesfrom two weeksbeforeto six ~~ont~~s after a 12 weeks period of training AR. They also completedquality of life questionnaires before, during and after the training period. The programme,executedby a physician(EN) trained in AR, folfowed preciselythe directionsof the AR trainingprogramme,andconsisted of group instructionsonehour per weekduring 12 weekscombined with trainingat hometwice a day. The numberof ffushesdecreased in all six womenduringthe 12weeks~ea~ent with AR. At the six monthsfollow up the numberof flusheshad decreased by 57-100% in five women,comparedto the pre-treatment period. In onewoman the flushesdecreased by only 34%. In conclusionthis clinical seriesof six postmenopausal women showeda pronounceddecreasein the numberof hot flushesby meansof a classicalAR progr~me. This effect persistedsix monthsafter the endof treatment.