Fabrication of electrochemical cells

nickel,

and

auxiliary during

is converted

hydrogen start-up

auxiliary

to nickel

supply

sulftde.

powers

of the fuel processor,

supply

of desulfurised

the fuel processor

is brought

An

the fuel cell while

an

fuel is used until

process

steps

: components

cost.

The

seal

mechanically,

between

on the fuel electrode

so it can

air electrode.

made from different

water

polymeric

including

those

the electrode.

techniques.

A further

materials, with welding

temperature.

advantage

Patent number: WO 00139873

disassembled

is that

the

components

may

Pressurised

water

The

invention

system

to trace and repair faults.

is a pressurised

system is under coolant of the exhaust pressurises Thus

water

Water vapour reforming hydrocarbon

the

stress, a valve directs part

stream

to a supercharger

it for a condensing

an increased

amount

out of the exhaust

stream,

continuously

recovery When

pressurise

that

heat-exchanger. of water

without

normal

the need to

any of the power

plant

components.

The

patent

plant

fueled

converted

fuel cell power

by a hydrocarbon

to hydrogen-rich

reformer. remove

a PEM

fuel,

which

fuel gas stream

A shift converter

is

CO gases created

by the reformer.

unit

a

direct

methanol

of low-cost,

electroconductive electrolyte but

layers

cathode

enables

the transfer

fuel

cell.

A

between proton

two

transmission

of methanol

to the

Purged anode, low-effluent

fuel cell

Applicant: IFC, USA

the anode exhaust

response

to

Control a

analyser,

periodically

in response

of the

converter

into the cathode

of this flow may be in

flammability

composition

sensor,

current

output

gas or

of electrochemical enables

be fabricated tolerances

with

easily

the minimum

relates to a composite

of flexible

graphite

embedded

fibres,

provide

and

permeability

in fuel cell

temperatures

Electrically

of the

temperature

close

the

of the unit cells.

also covers a method

of regulating

Here

a metal

highly

properties,

controlling

patent

process

electrolyte,

of

The

film

the degree

its

an easily

and a high-efficiency

Patent number: US 608703

through

cells

its thickness

plate

The electrical by heating

so that

silver

ceramic

etc. for a fuel

conductivity

material

to at least

migrates

and

into

is easily and

creates

pathways.

In this electrically field

plate,

separated

structure-

fuel cell.

the

218O:l

fuel cell fluid flow

straight

and

and 62OO:l.

cell to

ro the required of equipment,

diffusion) partially

a polymer

electrode

catalyst

with a fluorocarbon

such that the ion-exchange

outlets

electrolyte

the fuel and air (gas is covered entirely ion-exchange capacity

or

resin,

of the resin

between

higher

ratio

differential of the oxidant about

are

of the 0.75

have a length of

When

than

one

less than about

preferably

area

channels

at least

has an open width

mm. The channels cross-sectional

1

conductive, parallel

by lands,

channels

the polymer

Applicant: Asahi Glass, Japan describes

the metal electrically

Fluid flow field plate

pressure

fuel cell in which

may

in contact

Patent number: WO 00/40520

PEM fuel cell electrodes patent

by

the ceramic

a silver-containing

density

The

as

Applicant: Ballard Power Systems, Canada

of sulfonation.

for producing

rendered

its

and

polyethersulfone,

also provides

controllable

virtue

easily film-processable,

water-resistant.

strictly The

by

solvent

such

been

of silver, to form a layer on a

such as a bipolar

conductive

material

has

conductive

substrate

oxide

for a fuel cell is cheap,

organic

using a sulfonated

flow-field

ceramics

ceramic

chromia

the incorporation

750°C

and process for

mould-processable

formed

of gaskets,

for use in fuel cells.

oxide

or

be achieved

Applicant: Sumitomo Chemical, Japan

thermoplastic

to

of the sheet to gases, which

conductive

cell assembly.

in a fuel cell system.

in

ceramic

Applicant: Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd, Australia

Polymer electrolyte their production

membrane

an electrochemical

relatively

The invention

Patent number: US 6087034

Patent number: US 6087028

solubiliry

mix so no

composite

plates and electrodes

range

electrolyte

sealing,

is required.

can be used in the making

the internal

driving

cell

Another

gases cannot

between

about

500

between flow

to

about

the fluid flow field

plate is used in a fuel cell operating

Applicant: National Power, UK This method

fed

to a timer.

Patent number: WO 00139877

Fabrication

of the externally

Flexible graphite

electrically

and fuel in the exhaust

anode flow field is reacted in a catalytic stream.

as fuel into

fuel

Applicant: Ucar Graph-Tech, USA

within

easily

oxidant

The

PEM

applications.

gasket material

to

This polymer

Patent number: WO 00139876

or by feeding

operation.

manufacturing

automotive

such

can be used, in

Patent number: US 6087033

with

side.

In this fuel cell residual

a hydrocarbon

corrosion-resistant

carbon

prevents

with

temperature

the temperature

relates to an electrode-eIectrolyte

layer

an and

methods

is that the operating

a

desired

the of

fuel cells constructed

the cells due to defective

unit cells in a fuel cell stack are equalised

The invention

for

with

in normal

within

alumina

optimum

unit

reaction.

activated

temperature

In this invention

Germany

barrier

reforming

or hydrocarbon,

instead

as

Patent number: US 6086839

Regulating system

for for

additional

as fast

or hydrocarbon.

Applicant: Forschungszentrum Jiilich, The invention

warmed-up

is introduced

units,

hydrogen

start,

process

Applicant: Toyota, Japan

Patent number: WO 00139875

Electrode-electrolyte

stacks

by a

and selective oxidiser

most of the undesired

than

reformate

the burner

describes

are

is started

lower

and

be reached

feed of hydrogen

resulting

Applicant: IFC, USA

a cold can

units

reformation

fueled PEM fuel cell

particular

a system

for an effective

burner

fraction

Hydrocarbon

during

possible external

Patent number: WO 00139874

provides

operation

Two

describes

that mass production

advantage

invention

by which,

condenses

of

(now Xcellsis) The

both

conductivity

Fuel cells for mass production

dbb fuel cell engines, Germany

&$icant:

and electrical

Patent number: US 6087032

The patent

plant.

secures

Applicant: Siemens, Germany

recovery

for a fuel cell power

repellency

than that for the

approach

be

Patent number: US 6086643

Applicant: IFC,

is greater

This

be used to join components

’ incompatible

up to its operational

and

is generated

at a current mA/cm2,

the field

138 and 400 mbar.

inlets

rhe and

channels

is

These fluid

flow field plates may be formed by embossing or moulding. Patent number: WO 00141260

A Fuel Cells Bulletin No. 30

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