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Facial EMG: Reliability and intraindividual standardization
278
D. Papakostopouios,
ed. / Psychophysrology
Society Abstracts, 1982
group, IT1 was constant throughout (Groups S-S and I-L), while for the other half, the trial 5-trial 6 IT1 was changed to the other duration (Groups S-L and L-S). Both recall performance for, and SCR magnitude to TBRIs declined more rapidly across trials 1-5 in the short IT1 condition than in the long. In addition, Group S-L displayed an improvement in performance from trial 5 to trial 6, but Group L-S displayed a decrement. However, whereas an increase in IT1 resulted in increased SCR magnitude on trial 6, a decrease had no effect. The results of both studies indicate that although memory performance and electrodermal activity may sometimes covary in this paradigm, they can also be dissociated.
FACIAL EMG: RELIABILITY STANDARDIZATION R. FERSTL
AND INTRAINDIVIDUAL
and D. NAUMANN
Department of Clinical Psychology,
University of Trier, FRG
Recent studies supported the hypotheses that patterns of facial EMG activity can be identified as a quantitative index of emotional expression or imagery as well as concommitants of the clinical status of depression (e.g. Fridlund and Izard, 1982). The present study was designed to test reliability of the facial striate muscle activity during emotional imagery and posed expression. In a 2 x 2 x 3 x 4 factorial design with repeated measurement, EMG activity of posed expression of happiness and grief vs. imagery of a 1 million D-Mark-win and death of a related person, was recorded in three consecutive sessions in four muscle-sites (orbicularis oculi, zygomatic, masseter and depressor). EMG activity of 12 female subjects was amplified and on-line full-wave rectified as well as integrated and stored on floppy disk by a Langer Electronic 4-channel-EMG monitor system based on a Z 80 microcomputer. To standardize recording sites an anatomically oriented system for application of Beckman Ag/AgCl miniature electrodes was developed and photographically documented. After parameter-extraction of within-trial means, peaks, standard deviation and baseline corrected as well as two types of range corrected means and peaks, a multivariant analysis of variance was completed. Reliability-data and results of the comparison of different types of range-correction will be presented.
D. Papokostopo~I~,
ed. / Psychophysioio~
Society Abstracts,
1982
279
Reference Fridlund, A.J. and Izard, C.E. (1982). Electromyographic studies of facial expressions of emotions and patterns of emotions. In: Cacioppo, J.T. and Petty, R.E. (Eds.). Social Psychophysiology. Guilford Press: New York.
MEASUREMENT OF FOUR CHOICE REACTION TIME IN A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MINOR HEAD INJURIES G.W. FENTON, Department
E.A. MONTGOMERY,
and G. MACFLYNN
of Mental Health, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
W. RUTHERFORD Accident and Emergency
Department,
Royal Victoriu Hospital, Belfast,
U.K.
Cerebral concussion, even of a minor nature, is thought to cause a slowing up of information processing. This can be measured by choice reaction time tests. Forty-five cases of minor closed head injuries, admitted to a Belfast Accident and Emergency Department, were collected. Patients between the age of fifteen and sixty-five years, with a post-traumatic amnesia of less than twentyfour hours were selected. A control group of forty-five general practice patients were also obtained. Assessment of physical, psychiatric, psychological and social functioning were effected on the hospital patients within twenty-four hours of admission. They were repeated at intervals of six weeks and six months and were carried out once on the control group. A four choice reaction time test was included in the psychometric tests. Significant serial improvement was noted, during these intervals in 4 of the 7 measures of the 4 choice reaction time. The mean reaction time of the subjects at day 0 and 6 weeks was significantly slower than the reaction time of the controls. There was no significant difference at 6 months. No correlation was found with symptomatology or length of post traumatic amnesia. Reference Van Zomeren A.H. and Deelman B.C. (1978). Long term recovery of visual reaction time after closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 4, 452-457. 1
D. Papakostopouios,
ed. / Psychophysrology
Society Abstracts, 1982
group, IT1 was constant throughout (Groups S-S and I-L), while for the other half, the trial 5-trial 6 IT1 was changed to the other duration (Groups S-L and L-S). Both recall performance for, and SCR magnitude to TBRIs declined more rapidly across trials 1-5 in the short IT1 condition than in the long. In addition, Group S-L displayed an improvement in performance from trial 5 to trial 6, but Group L-S displayed a decrement. However, whereas an increase in IT1 resulted in increased SCR magnitude on trial 6, a decrease had no effect. The results of both studies indicate that although memory performance and electrodermal activity may sometimes covary in this paradigm, they can also be dissociated.
FACIAL EMG: RELIABILITY STANDARDIZATION R. FERSTL
AND INTRAINDIVIDUAL
and D. NAUMANN
Department of Clinical Psychology,
University of Trier, FRG
Recent studies supported the hypotheses that patterns of facial EMG activity can be identified as a quantitative index of emotional expression or imagery as well as concommitants of the clinical status of depression (e.g. Fridlund and Izard, 1982). The present study was designed to test reliability of the facial striate muscle activity during emotional imagery and posed expression. In a 2 x 2 x 3 x 4 factorial design with repeated measurement, EMG activity of posed expression of happiness and grief vs. imagery of a 1 million D-Mark-win and death of a related person, was recorded in three consecutive sessions in four muscle-sites (orbicularis oculi, zygomatic, masseter and depressor). EMG activity of 12 female subjects was amplified and on-line full-wave rectified as well as integrated and stored on floppy disk by a Langer Electronic 4-channel-EMG monitor system based on a Z 80 microcomputer. To standardize recording sites an anatomically oriented system for application of Beckman Ag/AgCl miniature electrodes was developed and photographically documented. After parameter-extraction of within-trial means, peaks, standard deviation and baseline corrected as well as two types of range corrected means and peaks, a multivariant analysis of variance was completed. Reliability-data and results of the comparison of different types of range-correction will be presented.
D. Papokostopo~I~,
ed. / Psychophysioio~
Society Abstracts,
1982
279
Reference Fridlund, A.J. and Izard, C.E. (1982). Electromyographic studies of facial expressions of emotions and patterns of emotions. In: Cacioppo, J.T. and Petty, R.E. (Eds.). Social Psychophysiology. Guilford Press: New York.
MEASUREMENT OF FOUR CHOICE REACTION TIME IN A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MINOR HEAD INJURIES G.W. FENTON, Department
E.A. MONTGOMERY,
and G. MACFLYNN
of Mental Health, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
W. RUTHERFORD Accident and Emergency
Department,
Royal Victoriu Hospital, Belfast,
U.K.
Cerebral concussion, even of a minor nature, is thought to cause a slowing up of information processing. This can be measured by choice reaction time tests. Forty-five cases of minor closed head injuries, admitted to a Belfast Accident and Emergency Department, were collected. Patients between the age of fifteen and sixty-five years, with a post-traumatic amnesia of less than twentyfour hours were selected. A control group of forty-five general practice patients were also obtained. Assessment of physical, psychiatric, psychological and social functioning were effected on the hospital patients within twenty-four hours of admission. They were repeated at intervals of six weeks and six months and were carried out once on the control group. A four choice reaction time test was included in the psychometric tests. Significant serial improvement was noted, during these intervals in 4 of the 7 measures of the 4 choice reaction time. The mean reaction time of the subjects at day 0 and 6 weeks was significantly slower than the reaction time of the controls. There was no significant difference at 6 months. No correlation was found with symptomatology or length of post traumatic amnesia. Reference Van Zomeren A.H. and Deelman B.C. (1978). Long term recovery of visual reaction time after closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 4, 452-457. 1