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Factor V Leiden mutation in preeclampsia – A case-control South Eastern Indian study in a tertiary care hospital
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 66S (2017) S79–S125
The right lung is divided into superior, middle & inferior lobes by oblique and horizontal fissure. While the left lung is divided into superior & inferior lobe by an oblique fissure. The fissures permit optimal distension of the lobes during respiration. The fissures may be complete, incomplete or absent. Aim: To find out the variations in fissures and lobes along with their patterns, in human lungs; collected from cadavers. Material and Method: total 100 lungs, 50 from right and 50 from left side, obtained from embalmed cadaver were included in the included in the study. Result: The horizontal fissure was incomplete in 20% of right sided lungs. Oblique fissure was incomplete in 12%. We reported accessory fissures in 20% specimens. In the left lung oblique fissure was absent in 1% and it was incomplete in 14% specimen. Accessory fissures were present in 10% of left lungs. Conclusion: Knowledge of any variations is necessary in performing segmental resection and lobectomy. Accessory fissures indicate persistence of prenatal fissures. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.352 107 Factor V Leiden mutation in preeclampsia – A case-control South Eastern Indian study in a tertiary care hospital Krishnaveni Chengalvala ∗ , Puspha Kotur, Mitesh Shetty, Jagadish T. Praveen, Nagarjuna Shivaraj, Sharath Balakrishna Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, R.L. Jalappa Hospital, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complicated hypertensive disorder which occurs before to eclampsia. The global prevalence of PE is 2–8%, in India it is about 28.7% whereas in southern part of India particularly in Karnataka 19.8%, and Andhra Pradesh 21.0%. PE follows autosomal dominant pattern of Mendelian inheritance but it is complex genetic disorder. Aim of the study is to find association between Factor V Leiden mutation (FVLM) and PE. Materials & Methods: The study designed as an unmatched case-control where 300 subjects were enrolled from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, India. The DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes using salting out method followed by PCR&RFLP with MNL1 enzyme. On digestion Factor V Leiden allele was visible as an uncut 268 bp fragment with PCR while the Leiden is cleaved to produce a 163 and 67 bp fragments (wild type/WT). The 37 bp fragment was not visible on the gel due to its small size. Homozygous Leiden mutation produces two bands corresponding 200 bp and 67 bp (homozygous Leiden) for heterozygous Leiden Mutation four bands corresponding to 200 bp, 163 bp, 67 bp, 37 bp (heterozygous/WT/ mutLeiden). Results: The frequency of Leiden variant was 5.3% among cases and 6.7% in the control groups. Leiden variant of factor V in homozygous condition was not found in either of the study groups. There difference in the frequency between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: As Preeclampsia is a multifactorial disorder. Genetically it is a complex disorder and etiology of preeclampsia is
S111
imprecise. The risk factors vary on ethnicity, maternal age, and dietary factors. So each subject is not the same. Many studies have been done on thrombophilia in association with FVLM, FVLM in preeclampsia and combination of thrombophilia, FVLM in preeclampsia but with inconsistent with the results. Understanding the mechanism by which genes are involved in PE will enable identification women who are at high risk. Studies with triads & in couples may answer the genetic part of the study more effectively. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.353 108 Modernization of anatomy Mahendra Kumar Pant Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, India Anatomy has been one of the basic subjects in medical education. The methods of teaching anatomy to the medical students were mostly in the form of dissection and didactic lectures. Recent use of models, imaging, simulation, and the Internet have now emerged as the modern methods of teaching anatomy. Nowadays user-friendly multimedia, alternative teaching approaches, and newly defined priorities in clinical practice have also made its place in teaching anatomy. However there is lack in uniformity among institutions. The teaching methods can be categorized into (1) dissection/prosection, (2) interactive multimedia, (3) procedural anatomy, (4) surface and clinical anatomy, and (5) imaging. There is need for interactive teaching and learning so that the students can be benefited. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.354 109 Anatomical variation, course, branching pattern of Splenic artery supplying the Spleen Meet Krishna Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India Introduction: The blood supply to spleen is made by a splenic artery which is the largest branch of the celiac trunk and its course is among the most tortuous in the body. The splenic artery lies anterior to the left kidney and left suprarenal gland and runs in the lienorenal ligament posterior to the tail of pancreas. It divides into two or three terminal branches before entering the hilum of spleen. These terminal branches are named as the superior, middle, and the inferior primary or lobar branches. Material and Methods:30 human spleens were taken from the cadevers. The distance from the point of primary division of splenic artery to the point of hilum was measured. Any variation in the form of number of lobar branches if present was noted. Observations: Study was done on 30 emballbed cadevers. Mean length of splenic artery was 8.8 cm and range 2-11 cm. Mean length of lobar artery was 3.2 cm and range 1.2–5 cm. Splenic artery trunk
The right lung is divided into superior, middle & inferior lobes by oblique and horizontal fissure. While the left lung is divided into superior & inferior lobe by an oblique fissure. The fissures permit optimal distension of the lobes during respiration. The fissures may be complete, incomplete or absent. Aim: To find out the variations in fissures and lobes along with their patterns, in human lungs; collected from cadavers. Material and Method: total 100 lungs, 50 from right and 50 from left side, obtained from embalmed cadaver were included in the included in the study. Result: The horizontal fissure was incomplete in 20% of right sided lungs. Oblique fissure was incomplete in 12%. We reported accessory fissures in 20% specimens. In the left lung oblique fissure was absent in 1% and it was incomplete in 14% specimen. Accessory fissures were present in 10% of left lungs. Conclusion: Knowledge of any variations is necessary in performing segmental resection and lobectomy. Accessory fissures indicate persistence of prenatal fissures. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.352 107 Factor V Leiden mutation in preeclampsia – A case-control South Eastern Indian study in a tertiary care hospital Krishnaveni Chengalvala ∗ , Puspha Kotur, Mitesh Shetty, Jagadish T. Praveen, Nagarjuna Shivaraj, Sharath Balakrishna Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, R.L. Jalappa Hospital, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complicated hypertensive disorder which occurs before to eclampsia. The global prevalence of PE is 2–8%, in India it is about 28.7% whereas in southern part of India particularly in Karnataka 19.8%, and Andhra Pradesh 21.0%. PE follows autosomal dominant pattern of Mendelian inheritance but it is complex genetic disorder. Aim of the study is to find association between Factor V Leiden mutation (FVLM) and PE. Materials & Methods: The study designed as an unmatched case-control where 300 subjects were enrolled from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, India. The DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes using salting out method followed by PCR&RFLP with MNL1 enzyme. On digestion Factor V Leiden allele was visible as an uncut 268 bp fragment with PCR while the Leiden is cleaved to produce a 163 and 67 bp fragments (wild type/WT). The 37 bp fragment was not visible on the gel due to its small size. Homozygous Leiden mutation produces two bands corresponding 200 bp and 67 bp (homozygous Leiden) for heterozygous Leiden Mutation four bands corresponding to 200 bp, 163 bp, 67 bp, 37 bp (heterozygous/WT/ mutLeiden). Results: The frequency of Leiden variant was 5.3% among cases and 6.7% in the control groups. Leiden variant of factor V in homozygous condition was not found in either of the study groups. There difference in the frequency between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: As Preeclampsia is a multifactorial disorder. Genetically it is a complex disorder and etiology of preeclampsia is
S111
imprecise. The risk factors vary on ethnicity, maternal age, and dietary factors. So each subject is not the same. Many studies have been done on thrombophilia in association with FVLM, FVLM in preeclampsia and combination of thrombophilia, FVLM in preeclampsia but with inconsistent with the results. Understanding the mechanism by which genes are involved in PE will enable identification women who are at high risk. Studies with triads & in couples may answer the genetic part of the study more effectively. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.353 108 Modernization of anatomy Mahendra Kumar Pant Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, India Anatomy has been one of the basic subjects in medical education. The methods of teaching anatomy to the medical students were mostly in the form of dissection and didactic lectures. Recent use of models, imaging, simulation, and the Internet have now emerged as the modern methods of teaching anatomy. Nowadays user-friendly multimedia, alternative teaching approaches, and newly defined priorities in clinical practice have also made its place in teaching anatomy. However there is lack in uniformity among institutions. The teaching methods can be categorized into (1) dissection/prosection, (2) interactive multimedia, (3) procedural anatomy, (4) surface and clinical anatomy, and (5) imaging. There is need for interactive teaching and learning so that the students can be benefited. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.354 109 Anatomical variation, course, branching pattern of Splenic artery supplying the Spleen Meet Krishna Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India Introduction: The blood supply to spleen is made by a splenic artery which is the largest branch of the celiac trunk and its course is among the most tortuous in the body. The splenic artery lies anterior to the left kidney and left suprarenal gland and runs in the lienorenal ligament posterior to the tail of pancreas. It divides into two or three terminal branches before entering the hilum of spleen. These terminal branches are named as the superior, middle, and the inferior primary or lobar branches. Material and Methods:30 human spleens were taken from the cadevers. The distance from the point of primary division of splenic artery to the point of hilum was measured. Any variation in the form of number of lobar branches if present was noted. Observations: Study was done on 30 emballbed cadevers. Mean length of splenic artery was 8.8 cm and range 2-11 cm. Mean length of lobar artery was 3.2 cm and range 1.2–5 cm. Splenic artery trunk