- Email: [email protected]
Factors Associated With Bone Density Among Japanese Teenagers
S28 Poster Abstracts
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 49, Number 7S1, 2017
P13 (continued) Outcome Measures and Analysis: Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to determine within and between group differences (P#0.05). Fidelity descriptive statistics were computed. Results: Treatment increased youth cooking skills (P¼0.001) within group and setting goals together within (P¼0.01) and between (P¼0.03) groups. No changes were found for eating or playing together. Treatment adults reported within (P¼0.01) and between (P¼0.02) group increases. For fidelity, evaluators rated 91% of objectives met, leaders 97% effective, and youth and adults engaged 88% and 91% of the time, respectively. Conclusions and Implications: Based on outcome and fidelity measures, a successful translation to community settings was made. iCook 4-H is an evidence-based program, tested in multiple settings, for prevention of childhood obesity. Funding: NIFA, State Agriculture Experiment Stations
P14 Evaluation on Total Sugars Intake of Elementary School Students in South Korea Mi-Kyeong Choi, PhD, [email protected], Kongju National University, 54 Daehak-ro, Yesan, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea 32439; Se-Yune Kim, BS, Kongju National University; Mi-Hyun Kim, PhD, Korea National University of Transportation; Myung-Hwa Kang, PhD, Hoseo University Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate sugars intake of children and investigate its relation to obesity degree. Study Design, Setting, Participant: A cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting 1,155 elementary school students (567 boys) in Chungnam, Korea. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Questionnaire and 24 hour recall was conducted. Daily total sugars intake was estimated using the USDA database. Outcome variables were compared by quartiles of total sugars intake. Results: Total sugars intake was 38.8 g/day for boys and 36.3 g/day for girls, respectively. Energy intake from total sugars was 8.3% of total energy intake without significance between boys and girls. The major food groups contributed to sugars intake were milks, fruits, grains, sweeteners, and beverages. And the main food sources of sugars intake were milk, grapefruit, ice cream, sugar, and apple. Age and body mass index were significantly decreased with increment of sugars intake quartile, however, obesity rate among sugars intake quartile groups was not significantly different. Conclusions and Implications: Daily sugars intake of the subjects was not exceeded the recommended level. Considering of higher sugars intake in younger children, however, it is required dietary guidance for adequate sugars intake from early childhood. This research will be used in these nutritional educations. Funding: Korean Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs
P15 Examining Associations Among Psychosocial Determinants of Vegetable Consumption in Korean Adolescents, Using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) Taejung Woo, PhD, [email protected], Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro Uichanggu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea 51140; Suhyang Kwak, MS, Changwon National University; H. Lee Gray, PhD, RD, Columbia University; Isobel Contento, EdD, PhD; Kyung-Hea Lee, PhD, Changwon National University Objective: The majority of Korean adolescents do not meet dietary guidelines for vegetable intake. This study's objective was to examine relationships among social cognitive theory mediators of vegetable consumption in Korean adolescents. Study Design, Setting, Participants: A cross-sectional survey study. Participants were recruited from two high schools in an urban area, South Korea. A total of 399 students (192 boys, 207 girls), aged 16-17 years, participated in this self-report survey study. Outcome Measures and Analysis: A survey instrument with SCT variables was administered. There were 54 previously validated questions that consisted of outcome expectation, self-efficacy, affective attitude, knowledge, vegetable accessibility-at-home, and accessibility-at-school, vegetable preference, and behavioral intention. Path analysis was performed to examine potential mediating relationships among SCT variables related to students’ vegetable consumption. A structural equation modeling (SEM) software AMOS v.23 was used. Acceptable cutoffs for model fit were as follows: RMSEA#0.06, NFI >0.90, CFI >0.90, TLI >0.90. Results: Model fit indices of SEM for the final model were CFI¼.996; NFI¼.988; TLI¼.985; and RMSEA¼0.033, indicating an excellent model fit. Students’ knowledge and accessibility at home and at schools predicted outcome expectation, affective attitudes, and self-efficacy (p < .05 to p < .001); outcome expectation predicted self-efficacy significantly (p < .001); self-efficacy predicated vegetable preferences. Vegetable preferences and affective attitudes were significant predictors of behavioral intention (p < .001), which was a dependent variable in the final model. Conclusions and Implications: Results show that selfefficacy and affective attitudes may affect students’ vegetable preferences, which may in turn increase students’ behavior intention. Nutrition education intervention targeting these SCT variables are thus warranted and may be effective improving Korean adolescents’ vegetable consumption. Funding: Changwon National University
P16 Factors Associated With Bone Density Among Japanese Teenagers Katsura Omori, EdD, [email protected], Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata-city, Yamagata, Japan 9008560 Continued on page S29
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 49, Number 7S1, 2017 P16 (continued) Objective: Bone health is a significant issue for children to encourage healthy physical development. The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between bone density and daily habits to explore effective strategies for promoting bone health in children. Study Design, Setting, and Participants: Participants were 157 junior high school students living in Yamagata, Japan. Each student's bone density was measured, and they answered a questionnaire in Home Economics class at school. Outcome Measures and Analysis: The calcaneus density was measured using an ultrasound technology system (AOS-100SA, Hitachi, Japan). The Osteo Sono-assessment Index (OSI) was used as an index of bone density. Frequency of eating calcium rich foods such as milk products and small soft-boned fish was assessed by a questionnaire, and the results of which were summarized with a total diet score. The students were divided into three (high/ middle/low) groups according to their total diet scores. The students were also divided into two groups (high/ low) according to the frequency of their physical activity. Two-way ANOVA tested for differences in mean OSI across gender and groups. Results: The high diet score group showed significantly (p¼0.04) higher OSI than the other two groups in both genders. The high physical activity group had marginally (p¼0.09) higher OSI than the low physical activity group in both genders. Conclusions and Implications: Nutrition educators need to help students achieve a calcium rich diet, and daily physical activity should be also recommended to encourage bone health in teenagers. Funding: None
P17 Factors Influencing Nutrition Knowledge Growth Among Fourth-Grade Students: FoodMASTER Intermediate Caroline G. Dunn, MS, LDN, RD, [email protected], University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208; Kathryn I. Hoy, MFN, RD, CDN, University of South Carolina; Virginia C. Stage, PhD, LDN, RD, East Carolina University; Melani W. Duffrin, PhD, LDN, RD Objective: To assess the impact of child and classroom level factors on nutrition knowledge growth among forth-grade students exposed to the FoodMASTER Intermediate (FMI) curriculum. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Data were collected from n¼263 forth-grade students in Ohio and North Carolina who participated in a quasiexperimental trial of the FMI curriculum, which integrates nutrition knowledge into mathematics and science curriculum. Students were nested in 18 classrooms, evenly split between intervention and control. All lessons were delivered by trained classroom teachers, and follow-up evaluations were completed at least one month prior to the end of the academic year.
Poster Abstracts S29
Outcome Measures and Analysis: Data, including intervention or control status, student knowledge, demographics, and contextual factors at the student (gender, free/reduced lunch status) and classroom (years of teacher experience, teacher previous nutrition training) levels, were collected prior to program intervention and at follow-up. Multilevel modeling was used to assess the impact of student and classroom level variables on nutrition knowledge gain, and the modelbuilding process resulted in six models to assess the research question. Conclusions and Implications: Classroom intervention status was significantly associated with gain in nutrition knowledge in all models where it was included (p < 0.05), further supporting program efficacy. Student nutrition knowledge prior to the intervention was also significantly positively associated with nutrition knowledge growth (p < 0.05). Student gender, free/reduced lunch status, teacher years of experience, and previous teacher nutrition training remained insignificant. These results indicate that more efforts should be made to introduce nutrition education in earlier grades to maximize growth in nutrition knowledge in upper elementary programs. Funding: None
P18 An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Physical Activity, Cooking, Dietary Behavior and Wellness Indicators in College Students: GetFRUVED Study Andrea Hanson, BS, [email protected], South Dakota State University, Wagner Hall 425, Box 2203, Brookings, SD 57007; Kendra Kattelmann, PhD, RDN, LN, FAND, South Dakota State University; Sarah Colby, PhD, RD, Univeristy of Tennessee; Anne Mathews, PhD, RD, University of Florida; Melissa Olfert, DPH, MS, RDN, LD, West Virginia University; Onikia Brown, PhD, RD, Auburn University; Tanya Horacek, PhD, RD, Syracuse University; Tandalayo Kidd, PhD, RD, LPN, Kansas State University; Adrienne White, PhD, RDN, FAND, University of Maine Objective: Determine the influence of modifiable lifestyle factors on college students’ fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and body mass index (BMI). Study Design, Settings, and Participants: First-year students (n¼1,153) considered at risk for unwanted weight gain based on factors of diet, socio-economic status, weight and ethnicity from eight universities were assessed for physical activity (PA), cooking (skills, frequency and confidence), intention for meal planning (MP), mealtime behaviors, cups of FV, height and weight. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Multiple linear regression (Stata 13.1) was used to assess the ability of lifestyle factors to predict FV intake and BMI after controlling for sex. Significance was p#0.05. Results: FV intake was predicted by PA, cooking frequency, cooking type, intention for MP and mealtime Continued on page S30
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 49, Number 7S1, 2017
P13 (continued) Outcome Measures and Analysis: Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to determine within and between group differences (P#0.05). Fidelity descriptive statistics were computed. Results: Treatment increased youth cooking skills (P¼0.001) within group and setting goals together within (P¼0.01) and between (P¼0.03) groups. No changes were found for eating or playing together. Treatment adults reported within (P¼0.01) and between (P¼0.02) group increases. For fidelity, evaluators rated 91% of objectives met, leaders 97% effective, and youth and adults engaged 88% and 91% of the time, respectively. Conclusions and Implications: Based on outcome and fidelity measures, a successful translation to community settings was made. iCook 4-H is an evidence-based program, tested in multiple settings, for prevention of childhood obesity. Funding: NIFA, State Agriculture Experiment Stations
P14 Evaluation on Total Sugars Intake of Elementary School Students in South Korea Mi-Kyeong Choi, PhD, [email protected], Kongju National University, 54 Daehak-ro, Yesan, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea 32439; Se-Yune Kim, BS, Kongju National University; Mi-Hyun Kim, PhD, Korea National University of Transportation; Myung-Hwa Kang, PhD, Hoseo University Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate sugars intake of children and investigate its relation to obesity degree. Study Design, Setting, Participant: A cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting 1,155 elementary school students (567 boys) in Chungnam, Korea. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Questionnaire and 24 hour recall was conducted. Daily total sugars intake was estimated using the USDA database. Outcome variables were compared by quartiles of total sugars intake. Results: Total sugars intake was 38.8 g/day for boys and 36.3 g/day for girls, respectively. Energy intake from total sugars was 8.3% of total energy intake without significance between boys and girls. The major food groups contributed to sugars intake were milks, fruits, grains, sweeteners, and beverages. And the main food sources of sugars intake were milk, grapefruit, ice cream, sugar, and apple. Age and body mass index were significantly decreased with increment of sugars intake quartile, however, obesity rate among sugars intake quartile groups was not significantly different. Conclusions and Implications: Daily sugars intake of the subjects was not exceeded the recommended level. Considering of higher sugars intake in younger children, however, it is required dietary guidance for adequate sugars intake from early childhood. This research will be used in these nutritional educations. Funding: Korean Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs
P15 Examining Associations Among Psychosocial Determinants of Vegetable Consumption in Korean Adolescents, Using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) Taejung Woo, PhD, [email protected], Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro Uichanggu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea 51140; Suhyang Kwak, MS, Changwon National University; H. Lee Gray, PhD, RD, Columbia University; Isobel Contento, EdD, PhD; Kyung-Hea Lee, PhD, Changwon National University Objective: The majority of Korean adolescents do not meet dietary guidelines for vegetable intake. This study's objective was to examine relationships among social cognitive theory mediators of vegetable consumption in Korean adolescents. Study Design, Setting, Participants: A cross-sectional survey study. Participants were recruited from two high schools in an urban area, South Korea. A total of 399 students (192 boys, 207 girls), aged 16-17 years, participated in this self-report survey study. Outcome Measures and Analysis: A survey instrument with SCT variables was administered. There were 54 previously validated questions that consisted of outcome expectation, self-efficacy, affective attitude, knowledge, vegetable accessibility-at-home, and accessibility-at-school, vegetable preference, and behavioral intention. Path analysis was performed to examine potential mediating relationships among SCT variables related to students’ vegetable consumption. A structural equation modeling (SEM) software AMOS v.23 was used. Acceptable cutoffs for model fit were as follows: RMSEA#0.06, NFI >0.90, CFI >0.90, TLI >0.90. Results: Model fit indices of SEM for the final model were CFI¼.996; NFI¼.988; TLI¼.985; and RMSEA¼0.033, indicating an excellent model fit. Students’ knowledge and accessibility at home and at schools predicted outcome expectation, affective attitudes, and self-efficacy (p < .05 to p < .001); outcome expectation predicted self-efficacy significantly (p < .001); self-efficacy predicated vegetable preferences. Vegetable preferences and affective attitudes were significant predictors of behavioral intention (p < .001), which was a dependent variable in the final model. Conclusions and Implications: Results show that selfefficacy and affective attitudes may affect students’ vegetable preferences, which may in turn increase students’ behavior intention. Nutrition education intervention targeting these SCT variables are thus warranted and may be effective improving Korean adolescents’ vegetable consumption. Funding: Changwon National University
P16 Factors Associated With Bone Density Among Japanese Teenagers Katsura Omori, EdD, [email protected], Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata-city, Yamagata, Japan 9008560 Continued on page S29
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 49, Number 7S1, 2017 P16 (continued) Objective: Bone health is a significant issue for children to encourage healthy physical development. The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between bone density and daily habits to explore effective strategies for promoting bone health in children. Study Design, Setting, and Participants: Participants were 157 junior high school students living in Yamagata, Japan. Each student's bone density was measured, and they answered a questionnaire in Home Economics class at school. Outcome Measures and Analysis: The calcaneus density was measured using an ultrasound technology system (AOS-100SA, Hitachi, Japan). The Osteo Sono-assessment Index (OSI) was used as an index of bone density. Frequency of eating calcium rich foods such as milk products and small soft-boned fish was assessed by a questionnaire, and the results of which were summarized with a total diet score. The students were divided into three (high/ middle/low) groups according to their total diet scores. The students were also divided into two groups (high/ low) according to the frequency of their physical activity. Two-way ANOVA tested for differences in mean OSI across gender and groups. Results: The high diet score group showed significantly (p¼0.04) higher OSI than the other two groups in both genders. The high physical activity group had marginally (p¼0.09) higher OSI than the low physical activity group in both genders. Conclusions and Implications: Nutrition educators need to help students achieve a calcium rich diet, and daily physical activity should be also recommended to encourage bone health in teenagers. Funding: None
P17 Factors Influencing Nutrition Knowledge Growth Among Fourth-Grade Students: FoodMASTER Intermediate Caroline G. Dunn, MS, LDN, RD, [email protected], University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208; Kathryn I. Hoy, MFN, RD, CDN, University of South Carolina; Virginia C. Stage, PhD, LDN, RD, East Carolina University; Melani W. Duffrin, PhD, LDN, RD Objective: To assess the impact of child and classroom level factors on nutrition knowledge growth among forth-grade students exposed to the FoodMASTER Intermediate (FMI) curriculum. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Data were collected from n¼263 forth-grade students in Ohio and North Carolina who participated in a quasiexperimental trial of the FMI curriculum, which integrates nutrition knowledge into mathematics and science curriculum. Students were nested in 18 classrooms, evenly split between intervention and control. All lessons were delivered by trained classroom teachers, and follow-up evaluations were completed at least one month prior to the end of the academic year.
Poster Abstracts S29
Outcome Measures and Analysis: Data, including intervention or control status, student knowledge, demographics, and contextual factors at the student (gender, free/reduced lunch status) and classroom (years of teacher experience, teacher previous nutrition training) levels, were collected prior to program intervention and at follow-up. Multilevel modeling was used to assess the impact of student and classroom level variables on nutrition knowledge gain, and the modelbuilding process resulted in six models to assess the research question. Conclusions and Implications: Classroom intervention status was significantly associated with gain in nutrition knowledge in all models where it was included (p < 0.05), further supporting program efficacy. Student nutrition knowledge prior to the intervention was also significantly positively associated with nutrition knowledge growth (p < 0.05). Student gender, free/reduced lunch status, teacher years of experience, and previous teacher nutrition training remained insignificant. These results indicate that more efforts should be made to introduce nutrition education in earlier grades to maximize growth in nutrition knowledge in upper elementary programs. Funding: None
P18 An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Physical Activity, Cooking, Dietary Behavior and Wellness Indicators in College Students: GetFRUVED Study Andrea Hanson, BS, [email protected], South Dakota State University, Wagner Hall 425, Box 2203, Brookings, SD 57007; Kendra Kattelmann, PhD, RDN, LN, FAND, South Dakota State University; Sarah Colby, PhD, RD, Univeristy of Tennessee; Anne Mathews, PhD, RD, University of Florida; Melissa Olfert, DPH, MS, RDN, LD, West Virginia University; Onikia Brown, PhD, RD, Auburn University; Tanya Horacek, PhD, RD, Syracuse University; Tandalayo Kidd, PhD, RD, LPN, Kansas State University; Adrienne White, PhD, RDN, FAND, University of Maine Objective: Determine the influence of modifiable lifestyle factors on college students’ fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and body mass index (BMI). Study Design, Settings, and Participants: First-year students (n¼1,153) considered at risk for unwanted weight gain based on factors of diet, socio-economic status, weight and ethnicity from eight universities were assessed for physical activity (PA), cooking (skills, frequency and confidence), intention for meal planning (MP), mealtime behaviors, cups of FV, height and weight. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Multiple linear regression (Stata 13.1) was used to assess the ability of lifestyle factors to predict FV intake and BMI after controlling for sex. Significance was p#0.05. Results: FV intake was predicted by PA, cooking frequency, cooking type, intention for MP and mealtime Continued on page S30