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Family Health Forum
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Music intra
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Family Health Fo'
culosis is spread through personal contact. The germ is passed from one person to another in many waysby using dishes or glasses after a tuberculosis victim, by kissing, by prolonged exposure to a person afflicted with the disease. Tuberculosis has often been called a "household epidemic" because of the opportunity for the disease to spread through the air among a group of people living dose together under the same roof. Living in dose proximity to each other, not inheritance, is the reason for frequent cases of tuberculosis in families. We mentioned before that tuberculosis is a disease of civilization. It does not respect age or social standing though tu berculosis is more common in older people, in crowded areas, among the lower income groups and among certain ethnic groups. But remember- tuberculosis respects nobody; it can attack you. We are privileged to have with us today, Dr. Harry E. Walkup, director of research and statistics for the American Thoracic Society, the medical arm of the National Tuberculosis Association. But before we talk with Dr. Walkup, a word from your announcer.
In-Batchelder for intro Family Health Forum
... employing the latest concepts in contemporary broadcasting to keep you and your family informed concerning America's major health problems. Brought to you through the facilities of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION and its member pharmacists. This is John Batchelder inviting you to join today's discussion of tuberculosis and a talk with our special guest, Dr. Harry E. Walkup. First, this word from your announcer. Out-at 30 seconds (60-second live spot-local announcer) In-Batchelder
Today's Family Health Forum is devoted to a discussion of tuberculosis- an age old disease, yes, but the control of tuberculosis and its effective treatment are comparatively In fact, the tuberculosis recent. germ is so small and elusive that it was not actually identified until 1882 although the disease had been known for more than 5,000 years. Today, with modern methods tuberculosis is readily detected and can be treated effectively with drugs through prescribed rest, adequate diet and where necessary through chest surgery. However, before tuberculosis can be treated and arrested, it must be detected. Unlike many major chronic diseases, tuberculosis has no outstanding symptoms in its early stages- you can have it and not be aware of it. Because tuberculosis is so contageous~ the person who unknowingly is afflicted becomes a health hazard to his family, his friends and his community. For your own safety and the safety of those around you, an annual chest X-ray is recommended. Why? Because it is usually through this chest X-ray that your doctor will first discover positive signs of active tuberculosis. How do you contact tuberculosis? Well, the exact origin of the germ remains a mystery; however, tuber-
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HW:
JB:
HW:
that the mobile X-ray units and skin testing technics are responsible for detecting and reporting many of these new cases. That may be one answer. Another may be improved reporting methods. You know, John, in many hospitals all incoming patients are screened with a chest X-ray. Tuberculosis will strike ill persons more readily than those who are healthy. It has been estimated that the amount of tuberculosis found in this way is from fou r to six times that found in X-raying the general public. Suppose I am a perfectly healthy person-or at least I believe I am-would I be susceptible to tuberculosis? That would depend, John. If you were exposed to and
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Out at 3 minutes (60-second live spot-local announcer) In
JB:
HW:
JB: HW:
JB:
Dr. Walkup, welcome to Family Health Forum. I am certain our listeners will gain much from hearing you today. Thankyou, John; I'm happy to be here and to be able to answer your questions about tuberculosis. Dr. Walkup, is tuberculosis a dwindling disease? On the contrary, John. Tuberculosis is still a major health problem in America today. It ranks tenth among the Ilkillers." Why, last year-1962-more than 54,600 new cases of tuberculosis were reported, almost a thousand more than were reported in 1961. I would imagine, Dr. Walkup,
Director of research for National Tuberculosis Association-American Thoracic Society, Harry E. Walkup, MD, also maintains close liaison with official and voluntary health organizations. A native of Mount Hope, West Virginia, Dr. Walkup received his bachelor's degree from the University of West Virginia in 1940 and his medical degree from the University of Maryland in 1943. After internship and residency he joined the staff of the VA hospital at Oteen in 1949. Rising to assistant director of professional services and chief of surgical service, he was transferred to the VA central office in Washington, D.C. in February 1961 as assistant director of surgical service. He remained in this . post until September 1961 when he accepted his present position. Vol. NS3, No. 11, November 1963
585
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HW:
actually inhaled the tuberculosis germ, you could become afflicted. In a healthy person when the germs enter the lungs the body begins to fight. A reaction takes place and a tubercle or swelling appears. At first this swelling is soft and looks fuzzy, but gradually hardens into a scar. The tu berculosis germs are now either killed or walled off and as long as the body resistance remains high the walled-off germs can do no further harm. On the other hand, John, if the body resistance is low, or the germs are numerous, the swelling will grow and spread. Some lung tissue will be destroyed and the tu bercle may become a cavity in the lung. At this point the sufferer becomes a definite danger to others because he will spread the infection by coughing. Well, at this advanced stage then, Dr. Walkup, I would assume that treatment is particularly difficult. Of course, John, the longer tuberculosis goes without treatment, the longer will be recuperation. However, today the physician has modern drugs and methods to aid him in his battle to arrest the disease. I n severe cases, where large cavities have occurred in the lung,
This ad on tuberculosis will be seen in newspapers country-wide during December. Copies are available as package stutters, bill inserts, etc., at $3.50 perthousand.
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surgery is sometimes required to either close the cavity or remove the affected area surrounding it. Where the lung has been so ravaged by tu berculosis that resecting will not be beneficial, the entire lung can be removed without particular danger to the patient. To what extent are the of tencalled miracle drugs used in treating tuberculosis? As in the treatment of many major chronic diseases, chemotherapy - or drug treatment-is not in itself the whole answer. While the various drugs now used in the treatment of tuberculosis will not actually kill the germs, they prevent the multiplication of the tubercle bacilli. In the past, tuberculosis patients were SUbjected to long periods of hospitalization. With the drugs and chest surgery are such lengthy hospital stays still necessary? No, John, although hospitalization is still one of the most important phases of tuberculosis treatment. How long hospital rest and care will be necessary depends upon the severity of the individual case. It can range anywhere from six months to a year or more. Patients no longer must undergo complete rest for more than a week or two. Mental relaxation is important but exercise can be started soon to rebuild the strength of the body.
Journal of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
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HW:
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Once the disease has been arrested, Dr. Walkup, is it possible for the patient to return to his normal life ? I n most cases, yes. However, the patient's physician will help him decide whether it is advisa ble to retu rn to his old occupation. The patient may be limited to less strenuous activities than before his illness. Remem ber this, John, many people have had tuberculosis; their disease has been arrested and they have gone on to happy, successful lives. Tuberculosis is a challenge to live. Thank you, Dr. Walkup, for talking with us today on Family Health Forum. We have run out of time. But before we go, I want to urge everybody to visit his family pharmacist and call the local tuberculosis association for information about chest X-ray. Early detection of tuberculosis may save your life.
Segue to music In-Batchelder
You have been listening to Family Health Forum, devoted today to a discussion on tuberculosis and a chat with Dr. Harry E. Walkup of the American Thoracic Society. Listen again next time when-through the facilities of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION, this station and its sponsors-we will discuss polio and have as our guest Dr. Daniel Bergsma. This is Johnny Batchelder thanking you for listening-and remembercheck with your pharmacist for family health information. Out-at 9 minutes 30 seconds
Music intra
.
Family Health Fo'
culosis is spread through personal contact. The germ is passed from one person to another in many waysby using dishes or glasses after a tuberculosis victim, by kissing, by prolonged exposure to a person afflicted with the disease. Tuberculosis has often been called a "household epidemic" because of the opportunity for the disease to spread through the air among a group of people living dose together under the same roof. Living in dose proximity to each other, not inheritance, is the reason for frequent cases of tuberculosis in families. We mentioned before that tuberculosis is a disease of civilization. It does not respect age or social standing though tu berculosis is more common in older people, in crowded areas, among the lower income groups and among certain ethnic groups. But remember- tuberculosis respects nobody; it can attack you. We are privileged to have with us today, Dr. Harry E. Walkup, director of research and statistics for the American Thoracic Society, the medical arm of the National Tuberculosis Association. But before we talk with Dr. Walkup, a word from your announcer.
In-Batchelder for intro Family Health Forum
... employing the latest concepts in contemporary broadcasting to keep you and your family informed concerning America's major health problems. Brought to you through the facilities of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION and its member pharmacists. This is John Batchelder inviting you to join today's discussion of tuberculosis and a talk with our special guest, Dr. Harry E. Walkup. First, this word from your announcer. Out-at 30 seconds (60-second live spot-local announcer) In-Batchelder
Today's Family Health Forum is devoted to a discussion of tuberculosis- an age old disease, yes, but the control of tuberculosis and its effective treatment are comparatively In fact, the tuberculosis recent. germ is so small and elusive that it was not actually identified until 1882 although the disease had been known for more than 5,000 years. Today, with modern methods tuberculosis is readily detected and can be treated effectively with drugs through prescribed rest, adequate diet and where necessary through chest surgery. However, before tuberculosis can be treated and arrested, it must be detected. Unlike many major chronic diseases, tuberculosis has no outstanding symptoms in its early stages- you can have it and not be aware of it. Because tuberculosis is so contageous~ the person who unknowingly is afflicted becomes a health hazard to his family, his friends and his community. For your own safety and the safety of those around you, an annual chest X-ray is recommended. Why? Because it is usually through this chest X-ray that your doctor will first discover positive signs of active tuberculosis. How do you contact tuberculosis? Well, the exact origin of the germ remains a mystery; however, tuber-
.
HW:
JB:
HW:
that the mobile X-ray units and skin testing technics are responsible for detecting and reporting many of these new cases. That may be one answer. Another may be improved reporting methods. You know, John, in many hospitals all incoming patients are screened with a chest X-ray. Tuberculosis will strike ill persons more readily than those who are healthy. It has been estimated that the amount of tuberculosis found in this way is from fou r to six times that found in X-raying the general public. Suppose I am a perfectly healthy person-or at least I believe I am-would I be susceptible to tuberculosis? That would depend, John. If you were exposed to and
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Out at 3 minutes (60-second live spot-local announcer) In
JB:
HW:
JB: HW:
JB:
Dr. Walkup, welcome to Family Health Forum. I am certain our listeners will gain much from hearing you today. Thankyou, John; I'm happy to be here and to be able to answer your questions about tuberculosis. Dr. Walkup, is tuberculosis a dwindling disease? On the contrary, John. Tuberculosis is still a major health problem in America today. It ranks tenth among the Ilkillers." Why, last year-1962-more than 54,600 new cases of tuberculosis were reported, almost a thousand more than were reported in 1961. I would imagine, Dr. Walkup,
Director of research for National Tuberculosis Association-American Thoracic Society, Harry E. Walkup, MD, also maintains close liaison with official and voluntary health organizations. A native of Mount Hope, West Virginia, Dr. Walkup received his bachelor's degree from the University of West Virginia in 1940 and his medical degree from the University of Maryland in 1943. After internship and residency he joined the staff of the VA hospital at Oteen in 1949. Rising to assistant director of professional services and chief of surgical service, he was transferred to the VA central office in Washington, D.C. in February 1961 as assistant director of surgical service. He remained in this . post until September 1961 when he accepted his present position. Vol. NS3, No. 11, November 1963
585
JB:
HW:
actually inhaled the tuberculosis germ, you could become afflicted. In a healthy person when the germs enter the lungs the body begins to fight. A reaction takes place and a tubercle or swelling appears. At first this swelling is soft and looks fuzzy, but gradually hardens into a scar. The tu berculosis germs are now either killed or walled off and as long as the body resistance remains high the walled-off germs can do no further harm. On the other hand, John, if the body resistance is low, or the germs are numerous, the swelling will grow and spread. Some lung tissue will be destroyed and the tu bercle may become a cavity in the lung. At this point the sufferer becomes a definite danger to others because he will spread the infection by coughing. Well, at this advanced stage then, Dr. Walkup, I would assume that treatment is particularly difficult. Of course, John, the longer tuberculosis goes without treatment, the longer will be recuperation. However, today the physician has modern drugs and methods to aid him in his battle to arrest the disease. I n severe cases, where large cavities have occurred in the lung,
This ad on tuberculosis will be seen in newspapers country-wide during December. Copies are available as package stutters, bill inserts, etc., at $3.50 perthousand.
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
JB: HW:
JB:
HW:
586
surgery is sometimes required to either close the cavity or remove the affected area surrounding it. Where the lung has been so ravaged by tu berculosis that resecting will not be beneficial, the entire lung can be removed without particular danger to the patient. To what extent are the of tencalled miracle drugs used in treating tuberculosis? As in the treatment of many major chronic diseases, chemotherapy - or drug treatment-is not in itself the whole answer. While the various drugs now used in the treatment of tuberculosis will not actually kill the germs, they prevent the multiplication of the tubercle bacilli. In the past, tuberculosis patients were SUbjected to long periods of hospitalization. With the drugs and chest surgery are such lengthy hospital stays still necessary? No, John, although hospitalization is still one of the most important phases of tuberculosis treatment. How long hospital rest and care will be necessary depends upon the severity of the individual case. It can range anywhere from six months to a year or more. Patients no longer must undergo complete rest for more than a week or two. Mental relaxation is important but exercise can be started soon to rebuild the strength of the body.
Journal of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
JB:
HW:
JB:
Once the disease has been arrested, Dr. Walkup, is it possible for the patient to return to his normal life ? I n most cases, yes. However, the patient's physician will help him decide whether it is advisa ble to retu rn to his old occupation. The patient may be limited to less strenuous activities than before his illness. Remem ber this, John, many people have had tuberculosis; their disease has been arrested and they have gone on to happy, successful lives. Tuberculosis is a challenge to live. Thank you, Dr. Walkup, for talking with us today on Family Health Forum. We have run out of time. But before we go, I want to urge everybody to visit his family pharmacist and call the local tuberculosis association for information about chest X-ray. Early detection of tuberculosis may save your life.
Segue to music In-Batchelder
You have been listening to Family Health Forum, devoted today to a discussion on tuberculosis and a chat with Dr. Harry E. Walkup of the American Thoracic Society. Listen again next time when-through the facilities of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION, this station and its sponsors-we will discuss polio and have as our guest Dr. Daniel Bergsma. This is Johnny Batchelder thanking you for listening-and remembercheck with your pharmacist for family health information. Out-at 9 minutes 30 seconds