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Federal aid for endagered species
USA Control for Hazardous Wastes cribing all actions by US agencies that ban or restrict hazardous substances; 3) the order directs US agencies to encourage international cooperation in shaping a worldwide alert scheme and an international notification system.
At the beginning of January, Jimmy Carter approved a national policy to Control the Export of Hazardous Products by American companies. (See also Environmental Policy and Law, 6 (2) 1980, p. 96).
require special export licenses from the government. All the order can be said to do is to ensure that importing countries, many of which are in the third world, are aware of the risks involved in the products they import. For even if a product does appear on the "control list", a country may still import it so long as it acknowledges the risks involved. In addition, there is a very big hole in the scheme which allows American companies to build factories overseas to manufacture products banned or strictly controlled in the US. These products include asbestos textiles, vinyl chloride and pesticides. []
New Cleanup Legislation
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[ Courtesy: The Philadelphia Inquirer
The Executive order has four main features: 1) it creates a single "hazard notification scheme" by which the Department of State will warn foreign governments of restrictions or bans on certain American products; 2) the government will augment these notices with an annual publication des-
(The US is involved in United Nations discussions to set up such a warning mechanism); 4) a procedure is to be established by which a government task force would list, and possibly ban the export of a very small number of especially hazardous substances. These are to go on to a "commodity control list" and will
Federal Aid for Endangered Species Conservation programmes for endan- ment, demonstrating that they 1) have gered and threatened species in 38 the legal authority to conserve and proStates and Territories have been helped tect endangered species, 2) have esby $4 million in matching Federal tablished acceptable programmes, 3) are grants for fiscal year 1981, the Interior authorized to conduct investigations Department's U.S. Fish and Wildlife and establish recovery plans, and 4) Service announced in February. How- have provided for public participation ever, the amount is $1 million less in the designation of species as endanthan was available for fiscal year 1980. gered or threatened. Allocations are Since the cooperative State-Federal based on State requests for specific programme began in 1976, $22,233,000 projects, with the Federal Government have been made available to participat- funding 67 per cent of the costs and the ing States to identify, protect, and States paying 33 per cent. The Federal conduct research on plants and animals share is increased to 75 per cent, when that face the possible threat of extinc- two or more States cooperate in work tion. A second allocation will be made on a single species, such as the bald eagle. In all, 151 Federal or State-listed later this year. To qualify for grants under the endangered or threatened animals and Endangered Species Act, States must plants are now benefitting from the [] enter into a formal cooperative agree- programme. 84
In one of his last acts as President, Jimmy Carter signed legislation that will provide $1.6 billion for the cleanup of toxic waste disposal sites such as the Love Canal in New York and the Valley of the Drums in Kentucky. The new law authorizes the government to recover costs from companies found responsible for dumps and spills. A total of $1.38 billion will be financed by industry through a series of levies applied to oil, feed grain and some other substances. []
Japan Convention Ratified Although Japan signed the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in 1973, the government has only recently ratified it. The latest ordinance will prohibit the importation of 420 endangered species of plants, animals and their pelts. The ban includes imports of rhinoceros horn, ivory, albatrosses, Indian elephants and tiger skins (see also p. 76). []
Ireland More Nature Reserves Six nature reserves were recently set up in the country and the areas in which hunting is forbidden have been enlarged by the creation of two wildfowl sanctuaries. In preparation for the ratification of the Berne Convention, 52 species of flora were designated protected species on 5 November 1980. Among the 52 is the only Irish species appearing on the Convention list - Limonium paradoxum. [] Environmental Policy and Law, 7 (1981)
At the beginning of January, Jimmy Carter approved a national policy to Control the Export of Hazardous Products by American companies. (See also Environmental Policy and Law, 6 (2) 1980, p. 96).
require special export licenses from the government. All the order can be said to do is to ensure that importing countries, many of which are in the third world, are aware of the risks involved in the products they import. For even if a product does appear on the "control list", a country may still import it so long as it acknowledges the risks involved. In addition, there is a very big hole in the scheme which allows American companies to build factories overseas to manufacture products banned or strictly controlled in the US. These products include asbestos textiles, vinyl chloride and pesticides. []
New Cleanup Legislation
• /
/;,,I / "/I ,! '!,'//, /'l/ L!
i /1'
't
i
r
t I
• t //,
~ , r ~
,
t
/ / ,,L /
'(I"l
~ "( w
[ Courtesy: The Philadelphia Inquirer
The Executive order has four main features: 1) it creates a single "hazard notification scheme" by which the Department of State will warn foreign governments of restrictions or bans on certain American products; 2) the government will augment these notices with an annual publication des-
(The US is involved in United Nations discussions to set up such a warning mechanism); 4) a procedure is to be established by which a government task force would list, and possibly ban the export of a very small number of especially hazardous substances. These are to go on to a "commodity control list" and will
Federal Aid for Endangered Species Conservation programmes for endan- ment, demonstrating that they 1) have gered and threatened species in 38 the legal authority to conserve and proStates and Territories have been helped tect endangered species, 2) have esby $4 million in matching Federal tablished acceptable programmes, 3) are grants for fiscal year 1981, the Interior authorized to conduct investigations Department's U.S. Fish and Wildlife and establish recovery plans, and 4) Service announced in February. How- have provided for public participation ever, the amount is $1 million less in the designation of species as endanthan was available for fiscal year 1980. gered or threatened. Allocations are Since the cooperative State-Federal based on State requests for specific programme began in 1976, $22,233,000 projects, with the Federal Government have been made available to participat- funding 67 per cent of the costs and the ing States to identify, protect, and States paying 33 per cent. The Federal conduct research on plants and animals share is increased to 75 per cent, when that face the possible threat of extinc- two or more States cooperate in work tion. A second allocation will be made on a single species, such as the bald eagle. In all, 151 Federal or State-listed later this year. To qualify for grants under the endangered or threatened animals and Endangered Species Act, States must plants are now benefitting from the [] enter into a formal cooperative agree- programme. 84
In one of his last acts as President, Jimmy Carter signed legislation that will provide $1.6 billion for the cleanup of toxic waste disposal sites such as the Love Canal in New York and the Valley of the Drums in Kentucky. The new law authorizes the government to recover costs from companies found responsible for dumps and spills. A total of $1.38 billion will be financed by industry through a series of levies applied to oil, feed grain and some other substances. []
Japan Convention Ratified Although Japan signed the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in 1973, the government has only recently ratified it. The latest ordinance will prohibit the importation of 420 endangered species of plants, animals and their pelts. The ban includes imports of rhinoceros horn, ivory, albatrosses, Indian elephants and tiger skins (see also p. 76). []
Ireland More Nature Reserves Six nature reserves were recently set up in the country and the areas in which hunting is forbidden have been enlarged by the creation of two wildfowl sanctuaries. In preparation for the ratification of the Berne Convention, 52 species of flora were designated protected species on 5 November 1980. Among the 52 is the only Irish species appearing on the Convention list - Limonium paradoxum. [] Environmental Policy and Law, 7 (1981)