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Field instrumentation of a multiple tunnel interaction problem
227A 894465 Results of micro-seismic monitoring at the Cory mine, 19811984 Prugger, A F; Gendzwill, D J Proc 2nd International Symposium of Rockbursts and
Seismicity in Mines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P317-326. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. 1988 A 3 year seismic monitoring programme at Cory potash mine, using an array of 6 vertical component geophones, recorded 84 microearthquakes and 2 macroearthquakes. Analysis of this data shows the majority of events and the higher magnitude events were located near the area being actively mined. An absence of intermediate magnitude events suggests different source mechanisms for large and small events. Microseisms seem to be associated with elastic failure of evaporite whilst macroseisms are associated with shear failure of the overlying limestone. 894466 Prediction of surface settlements due to parallel shield tunnels Hisatake, M; Ito, T Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 VI, P293-296. Publ Japan: Japanese Socieo' for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 Ground movement due to tunnelling is influenced by the construction sequence, properties of the overburden, and ground and tunnel geometry. A simple three dimensional settlement analysis is presented which couples two dimensional timedependent settlement in the cross section and non-dimensional time dependent settlement in the profile section. It considers settlement from the first tunnel before lining and after lining installation, and settlement from the second tunnel. It is illustrated and results compared to field measurements for tunnelling in layered ground. 894467 Field instrumentation of a multiple tunnel interaction problem Lo, K W; Chang, L K; Leung, C F; Lee, S L; Makino, H; Tajima, H Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 VI. P305-308. Publ Japan: Japanese Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 A comprehensive system of inclinometers, extensometers, settlement points,piezometers and stand pipes was installed to monitor ground response where four tunaels of the Singapore mass rapid transit system were in close proximity. The soil was generally stiff to hard, and single tunnel ground response agreed well with empirical predictions. Loading effects were well within the carrying capacity of the tunnel linings. Bending moments and axial thrusts in the linings are compared for single and multiple tunnels. Surface settlements from twin tunnel driving were greater than those predicted by simple superposition of single tunnel effects, signifying ground weakening after the first tunnel drive.
Influence of dynamic loads See also: 894187 894468 Seismic behavior of a rock tunnel Yamaguchi, Y; Tsujita, M; Wakita, K Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics,
Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 V2, P1325-1328. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1987 Accelerometers and strain gauges installed in a railway tunnel in Japan have been monitored since 1983. Characteristics of earthquake motion of the rock, deformation characteristics of the tunnel, and relations between the peak particle velocity in the surrounding rock and deformations in the tunnel have been studied. The boundary element method is seen to be suitable for simulating earthquake behaviour of underground structures. 894469 ln-situ experiment and dynamic responses of a tunnel subjected to train loading Pan Changshi; Liu Weining
Proc 6th Australian Tunnelling Conference, Melbourne, March 1987 VI, P135-142. Publ Parkville. AuslMM. 1987 Dynamic responses of a tunnel through loess to passing trains were determined in situ using displacement transducers and accelerometers. Results were interpreted using frequency spectral analysis, and dynamic forces of the train simulated using elastoplastic deterministic finite element analysis. Results show that low and medium frequency components would be crucial for dynamic response of tunnel lining and surrounding mass, and their effects would increase with speed of passing trains. 894470 Effect of propagation path on the measurement of seismic parameters Churcher, J M Proc 2nd International Symposium of Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P295-306. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. 1988 Determination of seismic source parameters, important in the study of rockburst phenomena, is complicated by noise, as seismic waves are distorted by the rocks through which they travel. A seismic network was set up to examine wave propagation. Three types of event were studied, those located close to mining, those in the hanging wall above the mine and those in the plane of the reef but away from excavation. The waves recorded were compared with those moving through highly fractured and relatively unfractured rock. Results are presented and suggest that the fracture zone around a mining excavation disperses and attenuates seismic energy so that events have less opportunity to lose energy before reaching the excavation, making them potentially more damaging. 894471 Raytracing in faulted ground Webber, S J Proc 2nd International Symposium of Rockbursts and Seismicity in Alines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P347-355. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1988 A quasi 3-D raytracing technique has been developed, taking account of refraction at lithological boundaries, to aid location of seismic events in the Klerksdorp goldfield. The methodology is outlined and velocity optimisation discussed. The method is tested on 35 events with 10 or more arrivals and showed significantly improved event location.
1989 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted
Seismicity in Mines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P317-326. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. 1988 A 3 year seismic monitoring programme at Cory potash mine, using an array of 6 vertical component geophones, recorded 84 microearthquakes and 2 macroearthquakes. Analysis of this data shows the majority of events and the higher magnitude events were located near the area being actively mined. An absence of intermediate magnitude events suggests different source mechanisms for large and small events. Microseisms seem to be associated with elastic failure of evaporite whilst macroseisms are associated with shear failure of the overlying limestone. 894466 Prediction of surface settlements due to parallel shield tunnels Hisatake, M; Ito, T Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 VI, P293-296. Publ Japan: Japanese Socieo' for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 Ground movement due to tunnelling is influenced by the construction sequence, properties of the overburden, and ground and tunnel geometry. A simple three dimensional settlement analysis is presented which couples two dimensional timedependent settlement in the cross section and non-dimensional time dependent settlement in the profile section. It considers settlement from the first tunnel before lining and after lining installation, and settlement from the second tunnel. It is illustrated and results compared to field measurements for tunnelling in layered ground. 894467 Field instrumentation of a multiple tunnel interaction problem Lo, K W; Chang, L K; Leung, C F; Lee, S L; Makino, H; Tajima, H Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 VI. P305-308. Publ Japan: Japanese Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 A comprehensive system of inclinometers, extensometers, settlement points,piezometers and stand pipes was installed to monitor ground response where four tunaels of the Singapore mass rapid transit system were in close proximity. The soil was generally stiff to hard, and single tunnel ground response agreed well with empirical predictions. Loading effects were well within the carrying capacity of the tunnel linings. Bending moments and axial thrusts in the linings are compared for single and multiple tunnels. Surface settlements from twin tunnel driving were greater than those predicted by simple superposition of single tunnel effects, signifying ground weakening after the first tunnel drive.
Influence of dynamic loads See also: 894187 894468 Seismic behavior of a rock tunnel Yamaguchi, Y; Tsujita, M; Wakita, K Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics,
Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 V2, P1325-1328. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1987 Accelerometers and strain gauges installed in a railway tunnel in Japan have been monitored since 1983. Characteristics of earthquake motion of the rock, deformation characteristics of the tunnel, and relations between the peak particle velocity in the surrounding rock and deformations in the tunnel have been studied. The boundary element method is seen to be suitable for simulating earthquake behaviour of underground structures. 894469 ln-situ experiment and dynamic responses of a tunnel subjected to train loading Pan Changshi; Liu Weining
Proc 6th Australian Tunnelling Conference, Melbourne, March 1987 VI, P135-142. Publ Parkville. AuslMM. 1987 Dynamic responses of a tunnel through loess to passing trains were determined in situ using displacement transducers and accelerometers. Results were interpreted using frequency spectral analysis, and dynamic forces of the train simulated using elastoplastic deterministic finite element analysis. Results show that low and medium frequency components would be crucial for dynamic response of tunnel lining and surrounding mass, and their effects would increase with speed of passing trains. 894470 Effect of propagation path on the measurement of seismic parameters Churcher, J M Proc 2nd International Symposium of Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P295-306. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. 1988 Determination of seismic source parameters, important in the study of rockburst phenomena, is complicated by noise, as seismic waves are distorted by the rocks through which they travel. A seismic network was set up to examine wave propagation. Three types of event were studied, those located close to mining, those in the hanging wall above the mine and those in the plane of the reef but away from excavation. The waves recorded were compared with those moving through highly fractured and relatively unfractured rock. Results are presented and suggest that the fracture zone around a mining excavation disperses and attenuates seismic energy so that events have less opportunity to lose energy before reaching the excavation, making them potentially more damaging. 894471 Raytracing in faulted ground Webber, S J Proc 2nd International Symposium of Rockbursts and Seismicity in Alines, Minneapolis, 8-10 June 1988 P347-355. Publ Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1988 A quasi 3-D raytracing technique has been developed, taking account of refraction at lithological boundaries, to aid location of seismic events in the Klerksdorp goldfield. The methodology is outlined and velocity optimisation discussed. The method is tested on 35 events with 10 or more arrivals and showed significantly improved event location.
1989 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted