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Finland's geology and mines
1A
Geomechanics Abstracts
General 791001 FINLAND'S GEOLOGY AND MINES Wyllie, R J M World Min, V31, N3, March 1978, P37-41 An introductory article to a feature on the Firmish mining industry, giving a brief review of exploration and surveying activities, geOlogy and mining methods. 791002 ROCK MASS REACTIONS TO EARTH TIDAL FORCES Rinehart, J S Proc 19th US Symposium on Rock Mechardcs, Stateline, Nevada, 1-3 May 1978, V1, P121129. Publ Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Considers the characteristics of the earth tldal forces and presents an equation for the fractional change in intensity of the gravitational field for a rigid earth due to these forces. Examples of tidal effects are put forward and discussed, including daily variations in well water levels, fortnightly triggering of volcanic eruptions, tectonic movements regulated by seml-annual tides, ~ earthquske energy release corresponding to 4.4 year maximum tidal cc~ponents. Some observations can be explained on the basis of pure elastic strains. For others an inelastic model is proposed: in some cases an inelastic deformation of Jointed rock masses may explain the mechanisim.
791003 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC ROCK-STRUCTURE II~2EHACTION BOrm, G W In: Rock Dynamics ar~ Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Conference on Dynamic Methods in Soil and Rock Mechanics, Karlaruhe, 516 Sept 1977), P201-215. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978 The paper reviews numerical methods for analysing d ~ c boundary value problems in rock engineering. Methods of calculating kinematic and dynamic response in structures embedded in on rock are outlined, leading to finite element models. Techniques for solving wave c~/uations by frequency analysis and by direct integration are also 1sresented.
791o~
NUMERICAL METHODS IN DYNAMIC GROUND-STRUCTURE INTERACTION ANALYSIS BY FINITE ~ S . WORKSHOP SESSION In: Rock Dynamics and Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Cor~erence on Dynamic Methods in Soll and Rock Mechanics, Karls~hhe, 516 Sept 1~77), P217-221. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978
791005 DETERMINISTIC AND PROBABILISTIC SOIL-STRUCTURE IIF2ERACTION ANALYSIS BY FINITE k~2MENTS, wORKSHOP SESSION ON PAPER BY PROF J LYSMER In: Rock Dymamics and Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Conference on Dynamic Methods in Soil and Rock Mechar~cs, Ksrlsruhe, 516 Sept 1977), F223-226. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978 The session dealt with the advantages and disadvantages of the methodologies used by the computer code FLUSH, particularly the simulation of 3-dlmenelonal geometric effects with plar~ strain finite element models using lateral viscous boundaries. Other topics included the propagation of waves through layered media, the u s e of mixed mass matrices in finite element models, the validation of current design procedures amd the theoretical limitations underlying the probabilistic approach used in the computer progrsm. Professor Lysme~'s paper has not been published.
Properties of Rocks and Soils 791006 CONTINUOUSLY WATER DE-AIRING DEVICE. TECHNICAL NOTE Klementev 3 I; Novak, J Geotechnique, V28, N3, 1978, P347-BM8 In soil mechanics laboratories there is a regular need to de-air water to avoid errors that may be produced in test results by the l~esence of air in ordinary water. This note describes a continuously working de-airing device of the type used in high pressure liquid chromatography.
791o07 CCMBINED CONSTANT PRESSURE AND VOLUME CHANGE APPARATUS FOR TRIAXIAL TESTS AT LOW PRESSURES. TECHNICAL NOTE Marchant, J A; Schofield, C P Geo%echnique, V28, N3, 1978, P351-353 The device described may be used to control confining Iressures of up to 16 kPa to within 50 Pa and measure a vol~ne change of 0.005 par cent in a I00 mm diam by 200 mm long soil sample. The principle of operation is the same as that of the standard Bishop type constant Iressure apparatusj but the spring has been replaced by an electric balance which has a very accurate and constant spring rate.
791oo8 PRESENf STATUS OF CATHODE LUMINESCENCE AS A Three main topics were discussed: time integration procedures, bour~ary conditions, and nonlinear analysis strategies.
TOOL IN SEDIMEI~fOLOGY Nickel, E Miner Sci Engmg, Vl0, N2, April 1978, P73-I00
Geomechanics Abstracts
General 791001 FINLAND'S GEOLOGY AND MINES Wyllie, R J M World Min, V31, N3, March 1978, P37-41 An introductory article to a feature on the Firmish mining industry, giving a brief review of exploration and surveying activities, geOlogy and mining methods. 791002 ROCK MASS REACTIONS TO EARTH TIDAL FORCES Rinehart, J S Proc 19th US Symposium on Rock Mechardcs, Stateline, Nevada, 1-3 May 1978, V1, P121129. Publ Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Considers the characteristics of the earth tldal forces and presents an equation for the fractional change in intensity of the gravitational field for a rigid earth due to these forces. Examples of tidal effects are put forward and discussed, including daily variations in well water levels, fortnightly triggering of volcanic eruptions, tectonic movements regulated by seml-annual tides, ~ earthquske energy release corresponding to 4.4 year maximum tidal cc~ponents. Some observations can be explained on the basis of pure elastic strains. For others an inelastic model is proposed: in some cases an inelastic deformation of Jointed rock masses may explain the mechanisim.
791003 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC ROCK-STRUCTURE II~2EHACTION BOrm, G W In: Rock Dynamics ar~ Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Conference on Dynamic Methods in Soil and Rock Mechanics, Karlaruhe, 516 Sept 1977), P201-215. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978 The paper reviews numerical methods for analysing d ~ c boundary value problems in rock engineering. Methods of calculating kinematic and dynamic response in structures embedded in on rock are outlined, leading to finite element models. Techniques for solving wave c~/uations by frequency analysis and by direct integration are also 1sresented.
791o~
NUMERICAL METHODS IN DYNAMIC GROUND-STRUCTURE INTERACTION ANALYSIS BY FINITE ~ S . WORKSHOP SESSION In: Rock Dynamics and Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Cor~erence on Dynamic Methods in Soll and Rock Mechanics, Karls~hhe, 516 Sept 1~77), P217-221. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978
791005 DETERMINISTIC AND PROBABILISTIC SOIL-STRUCTURE IIF2ERACTION ANALYSIS BY FINITE k~2MENTS, wORKSHOP SESSION ON PAPER BY PROF J LYSMER In: Rock Dymamics and Geophysical Aspects (Papers to Conference on Dynamic Methods in Soil and Rock Mechar~cs, Ksrlsruhe, 516 Sept 1977), F223-226. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1978 The session dealt with the advantages and disadvantages of the methodologies used by the computer code FLUSH, particularly the simulation of 3-dlmenelonal geometric effects with plar~ strain finite element models using lateral viscous boundaries. Other topics included the propagation of waves through layered media, the u s e of mixed mass matrices in finite element models, the validation of current design procedures amd the theoretical limitations underlying the probabilistic approach used in the computer progrsm. Professor Lysme~'s paper has not been published.
Properties of Rocks and Soils 791006 CONTINUOUSLY WATER DE-AIRING DEVICE. TECHNICAL NOTE Klementev 3 I; Novak, J Geotechnique, V28, N3, 1978, P347-BM8 In soil mechanics laboratories there is a regular need to de-air water to avoid errors that may be produced in test results by the l~esence of air in ordinary water. This note describes a continuously working de-airing device of the type used in high pressure liquid chromatography.
791o07 CCMBINED CONSTANT PRESSURE AND VOLUME CHANGE APPARATUS FOR TRIAXIAL TESTS AT LOW PRESSURES. TECHNICAL NOTE Marchant, J A; Schofield, C P Geo%echnique, V28, N3, 1978, P351-353 The device described may be used to control confining Iressures of up to 16 kPa to within 50 Pa and measure a vol~ne change of 0.005 par cent in a I00 mm diam by 200 mm long soil sample. The principle of operation is the same as that of the standard Bishop type constant Iressure apparatusj but the spring has been replaced by an electric balance which has a very accurate and constant spring rate.
791oo8 PRESENf STATUS OF CATHODE LUMINESCENCE AS A Three main topics were discussed: time integration procedures, bour~ary conditions, and nonlinear analysis strategies.
TOOL IN SEDIMEI~fOLOGY Nickel, E Miner Sci Engmg, Vl0, N2, April 1978, P73-I00