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Fix US cyber risks
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Fix US cyber risks
for late last year, but had to be delayed due to the explosion of a Falcon 9 on the launch pad in September. After a successful test firing on 27 March, the rocket has been cleared for take off on 30 March. SpaceX is reportedly providing this launch for satellite firm SES at a discount from the usual $62 million price, and CEO Elon Musk has expressed hopes that reusable rockets could cut the cost of sending things to space. After the launch, the booster will return to Earth, aiming for another landing on the drone ship and another possible reuse.
ELECTRICITY grids and other critical infrastructure in the US have 25 years’ worth of fundamental security flaws that need addressing. That’s the main finding of a report by Joel Brenner and his colleagues at the MIT Internet Policy Research Initiative, with input from industry experts. “Controls on an oil pipeline can use the same hardware as your teenager’s computer,” says Brenner, who was once inspector general at the US National Security Agency.
60 SECONDS
Suppliers make the most profit by selling generic hardware and software for multiple purposes, but both come with exploitable security holes. “We know how to fix the vulnerabilities, but there’s no market incentive for companies to do so,” says Brenner. With around 85 per cent of US critical infrastructure being privately owned, the report says the Trump administration could reward companies that improve security – by offering tax breaks. The report also proposes a mandatory minimum security standard for components used.
Trump climate blow Shallow reefs teeter on the brink
THOMAS DECARLO
IT POSES a serious challenge UNEXPECTED coral bleaching in the South China Sea shows that shallow to international action to limit reefs can heat up much more than warming. As New Scientist went the surrounding ocean. That makes to press, Donald Trump was them more vulnerable than we expected to sign an executive thought, suggesting that efforts to order aiming to reverse many of limit global warming to 2°C under the the climate policies introduced Paris Agreement may not be enough by Barack Obama. to save tropical reefs. Even if all those policies were In June 2015, an El Niño weather implemented in full, the US was pattern led to the South China Sea already set to miss its target for warming by 2°C – something not cutting greenhouse emissions expected to cause significant coral under the Paris agreement. If damage. However, at Dongsha atoll Trump’s order succeeds just in in the northern part of the sea, the part, then – barring an economic water temperature soared by 6°C slump – the US will probably fall above average, killing 40 per cent short by a much bigger margin. of the coral. Under the Paris deal, countries This spike occurred because the committed to their own, atoll’s shallow water amplified the voluntary emissions targets and also to make more ambitious cuts over time. If the US is flagrantly violating the spirit and letter of the agreement, other countries are less likely to try to keep to it. It’s not yet clear if the US will withdraw from the Paris pact, as Trump has previously said it should. Some think it would be better if the US did pull out, as it could not then block new measures taken under the deal. But the withdrawal of the country responsible for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions since the industrial age would seriously harm the agreement’s credibility. –In much hotter water than thought–
El Niño effect, work led by Thomas DeCarlo at the University of Western Australia shows (Scientific Reports, doi.org/b4wq). What’s more, unusually weak winds slowed the spread of heat into the surrounding water, trapping it within the atoll. “Ocean temperatures are already warming due to climate change,” says DeCarlo. “But what we’ve shown is that on top of that, local weather anomalies or processes like reduced wind can drive reef temperatures even higher.” “The only hope now is to minimise carbon dioxide emissions as much as possible and try to protect reefs as best as we can on a local scale,” says Bill Leggat at James Cook University in Townsville, Australia.
Join hunt for Planet 9 The search for Planet 9 is going public. In January 2016, a pair of astronomers suggested a hidden planet about 10 times the mass of Earth might exist on the fringes of our solar system. Now you can take part in the hunt, scanning images from the SkyMapper telescope, thanks to the Australian National University and citizen science group, the Zooniverse.
Biggest dino print ever The world’s biggest dinosaur footprints have been found in northwest Australia. They are 1.7 metres across and belong to a sauropod. The site they were found at was a river delta 130 million years ago, with dinosaurs crossing wet sandy areas.
Musk’s neural lace Elon Musk is launching a braincomputer interface company. According to a Wall Street Journal report, Neuralink aims to make “neural lace” technology that will put tiny electrodes in the brain, allowing direct communication with machines. A firm called Kernel invested $100 million last October to develop something similar.
Paralysis breakthrough A man paralysed from the shoulders down can feed himself thanks to a neuroprosthesis that uses brain signals to stimulate electrodes implanted in one arm and hand. This is the first time such a technique has restored reaching and grasping movements to a person with a chronic spinal cord injury (The Lancet, DOI: 10.1016/ S01406736(17)30601-3).
Tasmanian tiger seen? Plausible eyewitness accounts of large, dog-like animals in north Queensland have spurred a scientific hunt for thylacines, thought to have died out in 1936. Scientists from James Cook University are setting up camera traps and planning a survey to start this month or next.
1 April 2017 | NewScientist | 7
Fix US cyber risks
for late last year, but had to be delayed due to the explosion of a Falcon 9 on the launch pad in September. After a successful test firing on 27 March, the rocket has been cleared for take off on 30 March. SpaceX is reportedly providing this launch for satellite firm SES at a discount from the usual $62 million price, and CEO Elon Musk has expressed hopes that reusable rockets could cut the cost of sending things to space. After the launch, the booster will return to Earth, aiming for another landing on the drone ship and another possible reuse.
ELECTRICITY grids and other critical infrastructure in the US have 25 years’ worth of fundamental security flaws that need addressing. That’s the main finding of a report by Joel Brenner and his colleagues at the MIT Internet Policy Research Initiative, with input from industry experts. “Controls on an oil pipeline can use the same hardware as your teenager’s computer,” says Brenner, who was once inspector general at the US National Security Agency.
60 SECONDS
Suppliers make the most profit by selling generic hardware and software for multiple purposes, but both come with exploitable security holes. “We know how to fix the vulnerabilities, but there’s no market incentive for companies to do so,” says Brenner. With around 85 per cent of US critical infrastructure being privately owned, the report says the Trump administration could reward companies that improve security – by offering tax breaks. The report also proposes a mandatory minimum security standard for components used.
Trump climate blow Shallow reefs teeter on the brink
THOMAS DECARLO
IT POSES a serious challenge UNEXPECTED coral bleaching in the South China Sea shows that shallow to international action to limit reefs can heat up much more than warming. As New Scientist went the surrounding ocean. That makes to press, Donald Trump was them more vulnerable than we expected to sign an executive thought, suggesting that efforts to order aiming to reverse many of limit global warming to 2°C under the the climate policies introduced Paris Agreement may not be enough by Barack Obama. to save tropical reefs. Even if all those policies were In June 2015, an El Niño weather implemented in full, the US was pattern led to the South China Sea already set to miss its target for warming by 2°C – something not cutting greenhouse emissions expected to cause significant coral under the Paris agreement. If damage. However, at Dongsha atoll Trump’s order succeeds just in in the northern part of the sea, the part, then – barring an economic water temperature soared by 6°C slump – the US will probably fall above average, killing 40 per cent short by a much bigger margin. of the coral. Under the Paris deal, countries This spike occurred because the committed to their own, atoll’s shallow water amplified the voluntary emissions targets and also to make more ambitious cuts over time. If the US is flagrantly violating the spirit and letter of the agreement, other countries are less likely to try to keep to it. It’s not yet clear if the US will withdraw from the Paris pact, as Trump has previously said it should. Some think it would be better if the US did pull out, as it could not then block new measures taken under the deal. But the withdrawal of the country responsible for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions since the industrial age would seriously harm the agreement’s credibility. –In much hotter water than thought–
El Niño effect, work led by Thomas DeCarlo at the University of Western Australia shows (Scientific Reports, doi.org/b4wq). What’s more, unusually weak winds slowed the spread of heat into the surrounding water, trapping it within the atoll. “Ocean temperatures are already warming due to climate change,” says DeCarlo. “But what we’ve shown is that on top of that, local weather anomalies or processes like reduced wind can drive reef temperatures even higher.” “The only hope now is to minimise carbon dioxide emissions as much as possible and try to protect reefs as best as we can on a local scale,” says Bill Leggat at James Cook University in Townsville, Australia.
Join hunt for Planet 9 The search for Planet 9 is going public. In January 2016, a pair of astronomers suggested a hidden planet about 10 times the mass of Earth might exist on the fringes of our solar system. Now you can take part in the hunt, scanning images from the SkyMapper telescope, thanks to the Australian National University and citizen science group, the Zooniverse.
Biggest dino print ever The world’s biggest dinosaur footprints have been found in northwest Australia. They are 1.7 metres across and belong to a sauropod. The site they were found at was a river delta 130 million years ago, with dinosaurs crossing wet sandy areas.
Musk’s neural lace Elon Musk is launching a braincomputer interface company. According to a Wall Street Journal report, Neuralink aims to make “neural lace” technology that will put tiny electrodes in the brain, allowing direct communication with machines. A firm called Kernel invested $100 million last October to develop something similar.
Paralysis breakthrough A man paralysed from the shoulders down can feed himself thanks to a neuroprosthesis that uses brain signals to stimulate electrodes implanted in one arm and hand. This is the first time such a technique has restored reaching and grasping movements to a person with a chronic spinal cord injury (The Lancet, DOI: 10.1016/ S01406736(17)30601-3).
Tasmanian tiger seen? Plausible eyewitness accounts of large, dog-like animals in north Queensland have spurred a scientific hunt for thylacines, thought to have died out in 1936. Scientists from James Cook University are setting up camera traps and planning a survey to start this month or next.
1 April 2017 | NewScientist | 7