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Fractures of the facial bones in children
451
ABSTRACTS
critically ill infants. Sponging combined with an antipyretic drug is more effective than either alone. Aspirin is antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. Acetaminophen (Tempra, Tylenol, Nebs, APAP) is antipyretic and analgesic but not antiinflammatory. It has an advantage over aspirin in that it is available in liquid form. Acetaminophen poisoning can produce hepatic necrosis. Renal injuries have been reported (as with phenacetin) but gastrointestinal irritation is less common than with either aspirin or phenacetin. As antipyretics, aspirin and acetaminophen are about equal.-E. 7. Berman Thermal Regulation of Pediatric Patients in the Operating Rooms by Means of an Air Fluidized Bed. H. Ear/e Russell, Jr., H. Biemann Othersen, Jr., and Thomas S. Hargest. Amer. Surg. 38:111-114 (February), 1972.
The air bed operates upon the principle that the passage of air through uniform, siliconized microspheres causes them to become fluidized. A patient placed on such a bed floats as if on water. Not only is pressure uniformly distributed, but temperature and humidity may be precisely controlled.-E. 7. Berman A Comparison “Arterialized”
of
Descending Aortic and Capillary Blood in the Sick Newborn. J. F. T. Glasgow, D. M. Flynn, and P. R. Swyer. Canad. Med. Ass. J. 106:660-662 (March IS), 1972.
The authors have compared 53 “arterialized” capillary (heel prick) samples with descending aortic blood in 26 infants, of whom 24 were less than 1 wk old, and of whom 18 had respiratory distress syndrome. They report that arterialized capillary blood is an accurate and practical means of assessing blood pH and PC02 over a range of 6.69-7.54 and 18-94 mm Hg, respectively. Arterialized capillary blood samples were found to be a reliable means of assessing descending aortic POz when the values were less than 60 mm Hg, but were inaccurate when higher than 60 mm Hg.-C. C. Ferguson Prednisone Therapy in the Management of Large Hemangiomas in Infants and Children. S. H. Brown, R. C. Neerhaut and
E.
W.
Fonkalsrud.
(February),
Surgery
71:168-173
1972.
This report from the University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine summarizes the clinical course of nine consecutive patients with rapidly enlarging cavernous hemangiomas treated with prednisone orally in doses of 20-40 mg on alternate days. The course of therapy was usually 1 mo and was repeated in several patients after a 4-6 wk rest period. There were no complications from this therapy. These patients were selected for prednisone therapy because of increasing size of the because of functional dishemangioma, ability secondary to the mass, and in one instance because of congestive heart failure due to hemangioma of the liver. The authors conclude that prednisone therapy of enlarging symptomatic cavernous hemangiomas is safe and should be the initial therapy before radiotherapy or surgical removal is recommended.-W. K. Sieber
HEAD AND NECK Fractures of the Facial Bones in Children. C. R. Bales, P. Randall and H. B. Lehr. J. Trauma 12:56-66 1972.
The diagnosis of facial fractures in children is made with the history of minor trauma, with facial asymmetry, visual symptoms, swelling, pain, numbness, displaced dentition, and difficulty in eating. Fractures should be treated earlier than in adults because of rapid healing. Maxillary, zygoma, and orbital fractures should be treated by open reduction and stabilization. Mandibular fractures are best treated with external fixation--A. H. After The Unoperated Adult Bilateral Cleft of the Lip and Palate. Khoo Boo-Chai. Brit. J. Plast. Surg. 24:259-257 (July), 1971.
A group of 27 cases of bilateral cleft lip and palate is described. They were studied at ages over 15 yr and had had little or no previous surgery. When no surgery had been undertaken the premaxillae differed greatly in size from case to case. Arch collapse occurred in half the cases. One group had lip repairs only and the arch outline was good. The anterior pro-
ABSTRACTS
critically ill infants. Sponging combined with an antipyretic drug is more effective than either alone. Aspirin is antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. Acetaminophen (Tempra, Tylenol, Nebs, APAP) is antipyretic and analgesic but not antiinflammatory. It has an advantage over aspirin in that it is available in liquid form. Acetaminophen poisoning can produce hepatic necrosis. Renal injuries have been reported (as with phenacetin) but gastrointestinal irritation is less common than with either aspirin or phenacetin. As antipyretics, aspirin and acetaminophen are about equal.-E. 7. Berman Thermal Regulation of Pediatric Patients in the Operating Rooms by Means of an Air Fluidized Bed. H. Ear/e Russell, Jr., H. Biemann Othersen, Jr., and Thomas S. Hargest. Amer. Surg. 38:111-114 (February), 1972.
The air bed operates upon the principle that the passage of air through uniform, siliconized microspheres causes them to become fluidized. A patient placed on such a bed floats as if on water. Not only is pressure uniformly distributed, but temperature and humidity may be precisely controlled.-E. 7. Berman A Comparison “Arterialized”
of
Descending Aortic and Capillary Blood in the Sick Newborn. J. F. T. Glasgow, D. M. Flynn, and P. R. Swyer. Canad. Med. Ass. J. 106:660-662 (March IS), 1972.
The authors have compared 53 “arterialized” capillary (heel prick) samples with descending aortic blood in 26 infants, of whom 24 were less than 1 wk old, and of whom 18 had respiratory distress syndrome. They report that arterialized capillary blood is an accurate and practical means of assessing blood pH and PC02 over a range of 6.69-7.54 and 18-94 mm Hg, respectively. Arterialized capillary blood samples were found to be a reliable means of assessing descending aortic POz when the values were less than 60 mm Hg, but were inaccurate when higher than 60 mm Hg.-C. C. Ferguson Prednisone Therapy in the Management of Large Hemangiomas in Infants and Children. S. H. Brown, R. C. Neerhaut and
E.
W.
Fonkalsrud.
(February),
Surgery
71:168-173
1972.
This report from the University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine summarizes the clinical course of nine consecutive patients with rapidly enlarging cavernous hemangiomas treated with prednisone orally in doses of 20-40 mg on alternate days. The course of therapy was usually 1 mo and was repeated in several patients after a 4-6 wk rest period. There were no complications from this therapy. These patients were selected for prednisone therapy because of increasing size of the because of functional dishemangioma, ability secondary to the mass, and in one instance because of congestive heart failure due to hemangioma of the liver. The authors conclude that prednisone therapy of enlarging symptomatic cavernous hemangiomas is safe and should be the initial therapy before radiotherapy or surgical removal is recommended.-W. K. Sieber
HEAD AND NECK Fractures of the Facial Bones in Children. C. R. Bales, P. Randall and H. B. Lehr. J. Trauma 12:56-66 1972.
The diagnosis of facial fractures in children is made with the history of minor trauma, with facial asymmetry, visual symptoms, swelling, pain, numbness, displaced dentition, and difficulty in eating. Fractures should be treated earlier than in adults because of rapid healing. Maxillary, zygoma, and orbital fractures should be treated by open reduction and stabilization. Mandibular fractures are best treated with external fixation--A. H. After The Unoperated Adult Bilateral Cleft of the Lip and Palate. Khoo Boo-Chai. Brit. J. Plast. Surg. 24:259-257 (July), 1971.
A group of 27 cases of bilateral cleft lip and palate is described. They were studied at ages over 15 yr and had had little or no previous surgery. When no surgery had been undertaken the premaxillae differed greatly in size from case to case. Arch collapse occurred in half the cases. One group had lip repairs only and the arch outline was good. The anterior pro-