Frequency specificity of the auditory brain stem response to bone-conducted tones in infants and adults

285 Paired comparison judgments for hearing aid selection in children Eisenberg L.S.; Levitt H. EAR HEAR. (1991) 12/6 (417-430) Three experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of using a paired comparison technique to select hearing aids for children. The first two experiments determined the age at which normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss could be expected to meet criteria on a paired comparison task involving judgments of auditory clarity. Of 25 normal-hearing children between the ages of 4.0 and 6.4 yr, five out of five children between 6.0 and 6.4 yr of age passed the auditory paired comparison task. Of 10 hearing-impaired children between the ages of 5.5 and 7.4 yr, five out of five children between 6.5 and 7.4 yr of age passed the auditory paired comparison task. In Experiment 3, eight hearing-impaired children between the ages of 5.7 and 7.8 yr judged the clarity of seven hearing aids in two paired comparison, round robin tournaments. The results showed that correlations between the two tournaments were moderate to strong for six children and weak for two children. Of the six children with stronger correlations between tournaments, correlations between paired comparison judgments and phoneme identification scores were moderate to strong for four children and weak for two children. When compared with a hearing aid that approximated a standard prescription, the hearing aid selected by the paired comparison technique neither degraded nor enhanced speech intelligibility. Results from this study indicate that a paired comparison technique is feasible for use with hearing-impaired children 6.5 yr of age, and occasionally younger, who exhibit mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss and are capable of performing the task reliably. Frequency speciticity of the auditory brain stem response to bone-conducted tones in infants and adults Nousak J.M.K.; Stapells D.R. EAR HEAR. (1992) 13/2 (87-95) Auditory brain stem responses were obtained from normal-hearing infants and adults in response to bone-conducted 500 and 2000 Hz tones presented in quiet and high-pass noise masking. The tones were presented at 70 (500 and 2000 Hz) and 46 (2000 Hz) dB peak to peak equivalent fre: 1 dyne RMS). The high-pass noise-masked waveforms were subtracted in succession to obtain derived responses, providing estimates of the cochlear regions contributing to the nonmasked responses. Findings indicate that the auditory brain stem response to bone-conducted 500 Hz tones is frequency specific for both infants and adults. For 2000 Hz tones, the results show maximum amplitudes for cochlear regions representing the nominal frequency of the tone for adults. For infants, maximum response amplitudes for the derived responses to 2000 Hz, 70 dB tones were obtained within i octave of the nominal frequency (1410-2000 Hz). Wave V latencies of the derived responses are similar for both groups for 2000 Hz tones, but shorter for infants to 500 Hz tones, supporting the hypothesis that low-frequency bone-conducted stimuli are effectively more intense in infants than adults. Myringoplasty for the anterior perforation: Experience with the Kerr flap Sharp J.F.; Tenis T.F.; Robinson J. J. LARYh’GOL. OTOL. (1992) 106/l (14-16) Surgical closure of the anteriorly located tympanic membrane perforation can present a problem. lack of anterior support for the graft frequently leads to graft failure if an underlay method is whereas anterior blunting is a complication of onlay techniques in this situation. The experience the Kerr flap, an underlay graft fashioned to include a tab of fascia which is placed laterally under annulus and the anterior meatal skin, is presented. This method gave a 97.5 per cent closure rate no cases of anterior marginal blunting and a mean auditory threshold gain of 8.5dB (95 per confidence limits 5 to 11.9 dB P < 0.01) was achieved at the frequencies tested. The use of the Kerr is recommended when repairing the anteriorly placed tympanic membrane perforation.

The used with the with cent flap

Sensortneural deafness inherited as a tissue specific mitochondrial disorder Jaber L.; Shohat M.; Bu X.; Fischel-Ghodsian N.; Yang H.-Y.; Wang S.-J.; Rotter J.I. .I. MED. GENET. (1992) 29/2 (86-90) We present here a large Israeli-Arab kindred with hereditary deafness. In this family 55 deaf subjects (29M, 26F), who are otherwise healthy, have been identified and traced back five generations to one