- Email: [email protected]
Functional connectivity in medication-naïve ADHD children: Resting-state FMRI study
S182
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S140–S196
are intense. Our data also confirms that evolution is influenced by: initial severity of LD and NP impairment; cognitive and meta-cognitive asset; association of difficulty in reading, writing and arithmetics; presence of psychiatric comorbidity; environmental compliance; timing and specificity of interventions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.306 Mo-P-1195
Structural covariance between posterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder L. Liu a,∗ , S.S. Gau b , A. Pan a , W.I. Tseng c Department of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan b Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan c Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Previous voxel-based morphometry studies indicated cortical alteration in brain structures in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the cortex is composed of sulci and gyri, and so it is more plausible to use surface-based morphometry (SBM) to assess the cortical thickness. Here, we measured the cortical thickness of the nodal regions of the default mode network (FreeSurfer) in 27 youths with ASD (aged 10–16; male, 92.6%, all right-handed) and 39 TD youths (aged 8–18; male, 79.5%; right-handed, 97.4%), and investigated whether there was significant covariance between the nodal regions, especially between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Group difference was computed using the Fisher transformation. In TD participants, we found median correlations between ipsilateral PCC and MPFC, and between contralateral PCC and MPFC. In the ASD group, however, correlation was only found between the right PCC-MPFC. Our results suggest the under-connectivity of the socio-cognitive function in ASD.
deficits in the integration of brain network not only during cognitive task but also at rest. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.308 Mo-P-1197
Maternal brain responses to baby-stimuli are modulated by mood disorders J.E. Swain ∗ , S.S. Ho , K.L. Rosenblum , E.D. Finegood , P. Richardson , C.J. Dayton , S.M. Marcus , M. Muzik Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 2700/MI, USA ∗ Corresponding author.
Background.– Parenting constitutes an evolutionarily conserved attachment behaviors and thoughts that contributing to caring responses to infant cry. The capacity of mothers to generate caring behaviors and thoughts may be compromised by mood and anxiety risk factors. Methods.– We assessed 18 mothers of 2–7-year-old children for current cumulative psychopathological risk, including histories of child abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder & major depression and administered the working model of the child interview. In a Phillips 3T scanner, the participants underwent tasks based on primed baby-cry and personally tailored messages. Results.– Maternal listening to “baby-crying” vs. white noise activated saliencerelated regions of extended amygdala and insula and proportional to cumulative psychopathological risk. Personalized priming of baby-cry heightened brain responses in motivation (striatum) and self-referential circuits of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices plus learnedhelplessness circuits (habenula). Personalized parenting vignettes vs. control activated self-reflection medial prefrontal cortex circuits. High vs. low psychopathological risk was associated with reductions in neural response in related brain regions. Conclusions.– Human maternal brains are driven by key stimuli like baby-cries, as well as parenting thoughts. Prior mood and anxiety alter maternal brain circuit activity, suggesting mechanisms and opportunities for intervention for improved child mental health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.309
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.307 Mo-P-1196
Functional connectivity in medication-naïve ADHD children: Resting-state FMRI study J. Choi a,∗ , B. Jeong b Department of Psychiatry, Dajeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea b Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea ∗ Corresponding author.
a
The aim of this study is to explore the functional connectivity characteristics in medication-naive boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using independent component analysis (ICA) of resting-state functional MR data. Twenty medication-naive boys with ADHD (mean age 10.3 ± 2.5) and 28 age-, gender-matched healthy volunteers (mean age 10.3 ± 2.0) were measured resting state brain activity with a 1.5T Philips scanner and clinical assessment. Functional MR data acquired during resting state of 7 minutes were analyzed using independent component analysis. Group averaged functional connectivity maps between these independent components as a functional unit, were generated with pair-wised correlation analysis. An independent component (IC) which includes bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex, occipito-temporal junction, and anterior cingulate cortex was significantly less activated in ADHD than in control groups. The connection between ICs (PCC-precuneus and medial prefrontal cortex) in default mode network, was significantly weakened in ADHD group. The present study showed that the functional connectivity within DMN in medication-naive ADHD might be compromised and different from that of typically developing children. This result suggests, ADHD patients might have
Mo-P-1198
Multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy shows reduced activation in the prefrontal cortex during facial expression processing in pervasive developmental disorder Y. Nakadoi a,∗ , Y. Watanabe b , S. Sumitani b , T. Ohmori b Child Psychiatry, Kagawa National Children’s Hospital, Zentsuji, Japan b Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Aim.– The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) show differential activation during an emotional activation task compared with age- and sex-matched controls, by measuring changes in the concentration of oxygenated (oxyHb) and deoxygenated (deoxyHb) hemoglobin, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Methods.– Fourteen patients with PDD and 14 age and sex-matched healthy controls participated in the study. The relative changes of concentrations of oxyHb and deoxyHb were measured on NIRS during an implicit processing task of fearful expression using Japanese standard faces. Results.– PDD patients had significantly reduced oxyHb changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) compared to healthy controls. In PDD patients, significant negative correlations were found between oxyHb changes and full-scale intelligence quotient and verbal intelligence quotient. Conclusion.– PDD patients show differential prefrontal regulation in the processing of fearful facial expression. PFC dysfunction may exist in PDD. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.310
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S140–S196
are intense. Our data also confirms that evolution is influenced by: initial severity of LD and NP impairment; cognitive and meta-cognitive asset; association of difficulty in reading, writing and arithmetics; presence of psychiatric comorbidity; environmental compliance; timing and specificity of interventions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.306 Mo-P-1195
Structural covariance between posterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder L. Liu a,∗ , S.S. Gau b , A. Pan a , W.I. Tseng c Department of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan b Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan c Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Previous voxel-based morphometry studies indicated cortical alteration in brain structures in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the cortex is composed of sulci and gyri, and so it is more plausible to use surface-based morphometry (SBM) to assess the cortical thickness. Here, we measured the cortical thickness of the nodal regions of the default mode network (FreeSurfer) in 27 youths with ASD (aged 10–16; male, 92.6%, all right-handed) and 39 TD youths (aged 8–18; male, 79.5%; right-handed, 97.4%), and investigated whether there was significant covariance between the nodal regions, especially between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Group difference was computed using the Fisher transformation. In TD participants, we found median correlations between ipsilateral PCC and MPFC, and between contralateral PCC and MPFC. In the ASD group, however, correlation was only found between the right PCC-MPFC. Our results suggest the under-connectivity of the socio-cognitive function in ASD.
deficits in the integration of brain network not only during cognitive task but also at rest. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.308 Mo-P-1197
Maternal brain responses to baby-stimuli are modulated by mood disorders J.E. Swain ∗ , S.S. Ho , K.L. Rosenblum , E.D. Finegood , P. Richardson , C.J. Dayton , S.M. Marcus , M. Muzik Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 2700/MI, USA ∗ Corresponding author.
Background.– Parenting constitutes an evolutionarily conserved attachment behaviors and thoughts that contributing to caring responses to infant cry. The capacity of mothers to generate caring behaviors and thoughts may be compromised by mood and anxiety risk factors. Methods.– We assessed 18 mothers of 2–7-year-old children for current cumulative psychopathological risk, including histories of child abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder & major depression and administered the working model of the child interview. In a Phillips 3T scanner, the participants underwent tasks based on primed baby-cry and personally tailored messages. Results.– Maternal listening to “baby-crying” vs. white noise activated saliencerelated regions of extended amygdala and insula and proportional to cumulative psychopathological risk. Personalized priming of baby-cry heightened brain responses in motivation (striatum) and self-referential circuits of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices plus learnedhelplessness circuits (habenula). Personalized parenting vignettes vs. control activated self-reflection medial prefrontal cortex circuits. High vs. low psychopathological risk was associated with reductions in neural response in related brain regions. Conclusions.– Human maternal brains are driven by key stimuli like baby-cries, as well as parenting thoughts. Prior mood and anxiety alter maternal brain circuit activity, suggesting mechanisms and opportunities for intervention for improved child mental health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.309
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.307 Mo-P-1196
Functional connectivity in medication-naïve ADHD children: Resting-state FMRI study J. Choi a,∗ , B. Jeong b Department of Psychiatry, Dajeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea b Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea ∗ Corresponding author.
a
The aim of this study is to explore the functional connectivity characteristics in medication-naive boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using independent component analysis (ICA) of resting-state functional MR data. Twenty medication-naive boys with ADHD (mean age 10.3 ± 2.5) and 28 age-, gender-matched healthy volunteers (mean age 10.3 ± 2.0) were measured resting state brain activity with a 1.5T Philips scanner and clinical assessment. Functional MR data acquired during resting state of 7 minutes were analyzed using independent component analysis. Group averaged functional connectivity maps between these independent components as a functional unit, were generated with pair-wised correlation analysis. An independent component (IC) which includes bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex, occipito-temporal junction, and anterior cingulate cortex was significantly less activated in ADHD than in control groups. The connection between ICs (PCC-precuneus and medial prefrontal cortex) in default mode network, was significantly weakened in ADHD group. The present study showed that the functional connectivity within DMN in medication-naive ADHD might be compromised and different from that of typically developing children. This result suggests, ADHD patients might have
Mo-P-1198
Multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy shows reduced activation in the prefrontal cortex during facial expression processing in pervasive developmental disorder Y. Nakadoi a,∗ , Y. Watanabe b , S. Sumitani b , T. Ohmori b Child Psychiatry, Kagawa National Children’s Hospital, Zentsuji, Japan b Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Aim.– The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) show differential activation during an emotional activation task compared with age- and sex-matched controls, by measuring changes in the concentration of oxygenated (oxyHb) and deoxygenated (deoxyHb) hemoglobin, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Methods.– Fourteen patients with PDD and 14 age and sex-matched healthy controls participated in the study. The relative changes of concentrations of oxyHb and deoxyHb were measured on NIRS during an implicit processing task of fearful expression using Japanese standard faces. Results.– PDD patients had significantly reduced oxyHb changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) compared to healthy controls. In PDD patients, significant negative correlations were found between oxyHb changes and full-scale intelligence quotient and verbal intelligence quotient. Conclusion.– PDD patients show differential prefrontal regulation in the processing of fearful facial expression. PFC dysfunction may exist in PDD. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.310