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Fungus diseases of tropical crops
77 WHEAT SCIENCE Wheat Science -- Today and Tomorrow. L.T. Evans and W.J. Peacock (Editors). Cambridge University Press, London. x + 290 pp., £17.50. ISBN 0-52123793-9.
This book is made up of 17 contributions in the fields of wheat evolution, conservation, genetics, breeding, physiology and agronomy, presented at a Symposium organized by the Division of Plant Industry, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, to mark the 80th birthday of Sir Otto Frankel. The intention was not to review all aspects of research in these fields, but rather to gather together Otto's friends and colleagues who collectively have made major contributions to our understanding of this important species. The scope of the book is therefore most accurately summarized by a list of those who have reviewed their own areas of interest. The topics and authors concerned are: the early history of wheat (Harlan), wheat genetic resources (Marshall and Brown), molecular evolution of wheat (Peacock, Gerlach and Dennis; Wildman), alien genetic transfers to wheat (Sears), wheat transformation (Langridge), wheat breeding (Driscoll), wheatbarley hybrids (Shepherd and Islam), wheat rusts in Australia (Watson), wheat proteins (Simmonds), the genetics of floral development in wheat (Frankel, Knox and Considine), physiology and the breeding of wheat (Passioura; Evans), competition and communal plants (Donald), wheat agronomy (Fischer), prospects for the future of wheat science (Riley), and Otto Frankel's contributions to wheat breeding, genetics and the conservation of genetic resources (White). The volume is a fitting tribute to Otto Frankel's lifelong devotion to the biological and agricultural sciences, and his continuing special interest in wheat as a species of the utmost importance for the future of mankind. The individual chapters are scholarly, and provide a series of reviews which will be of great interest to graduate students, lecturers and research workers in plant breeding, crop physiology and agronomy. B.D.H. LATTER Department of Agricultural Gene tics, University of Sydney Sydney, N.S. W. 2006, Australia
FUNGUS DISEASES OF TROPICAL CROPS Fungus Diseases o f Tropical Crops. Paul HoUiday (Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew). Cambridge University Press, London, 1980.607 pp. (cloth-bound), £55.00. ISBN 0-521-22529-9.
The author of this excellent sourcebook on fungus diseases of tropical crops states in his introduction that his book has four aims:
78 (1) to give a full description of fungus genera and species; (2) to give a succinct account of each disease, emphasizing those factors which are most important in the field; (3) to give references adequate for access both to the bulk of the original work on the disease and the more recent, specific literature on fungus morphology and t o x o n o m y ; (4) to give an alphabetical arrangement to facilitate the identification of a given disease. The first three objectives are certainly very ambitious b u t it is apparent to anyone who reads the b o o k that the author has succeeded in writing a most splendid account of fungus diseases of tropical crops. This sourcebook of modern tropical plant pathology has made a very valuable contribution to the literature on tropical plant pathology. More than 160 genera are treated as separate entries followed b y the accounts o f the single species and altogether over 200 genera are treated in the text. The account of the different pathogens and the diseases they cause follows the outline given above and is a very orderly presentation of the subject, covering 555 pages. The author focuses more attention on factors relevant to the disease in the field than to elementary histology, cultural and biochemical work. A list of literature references for the different pathogens is presented at the end of each respective account. According to the author he has been selective and limited his literature selection to the primary sources, .e.g. original papers, monographs, reviews and books. Since almost all the works cited have been examined in the original by the author, this part of the authorship certainly implies a great deal of work. In the index o f fungi at the end of the b o o k more than 1000 species, varieties and formae speciales are listed. There is also an index of fungus synonyms and some conidial states. As far as be applicable, the pathogens are listed in the order of the perfect state. The author refers to the CMI standardised description sheets concerned with species morphology. Frequent and most valuable references are also made in the text to the CMI distribution maps of plant diseases. Besides the index of fungi there is also a very valuable appendix to the main chapter on pathogens in which hosts and their pathogens are registered. The entry for a plant in this index consists of up to four elements: (1) plant genus and species with c o m m o n name(s); (2) pathogens fully treated; (3) other pathogens where the plant is mentioned in a briefer treatment of the disease; (4) selected references to crop pathology. This appendix gives the reader short information on hosts and pathogens treated in the b o o k as well as important references on crop pathology. The author has not forgotten that some users of the b o o k may need a list of c o m m o n disease names. He has therefore listed these with the hosts and pathogens, as for instance angular leaf spot, c o m m o n and lima beans (Phaeoisario~)sis griseola). The list of c o m m o n host names comprises 350 hosts with
79 their botanical equivalents. Temperate crops c o m m o n l y grown at high altitudes in the tropics have been omitted unless their main production is within the tropics, whilst some crops of temperate origin c o m m o n l y grown in the lowland tropics are considered. The mycological taxonomic usage is mainly that followed at CMI as by Ainsworth and Bisby (1971) and Ainsworth et al. (1973). The author also refers to McFarlane (1968) and the abstracts in Review o f Applied Mycology and its continuation, Review o f Plant Pathology. With his book on fungus diseases of tropical crops, Paul Holliday has given us a most welcome addition to the literature on tropical plant pathology. It will be appreciated by m a n y plant pathologists all over the world. HELGE HELLQVIST Experimental Division of North Swedish Plant Protection Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 720 S-901 10 Urnea Sweden REFERENCES Ainsworth, G.C. and Bisby, G.R., 1971. Dictionary of the Fungi. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, 663 pp. Ainsworth, G.C. et al., 1973. The Fungi. Vols. I~¢A& B. Academic Press, New York, NY, 504 pp. McFarlane, H.H., 1968. Plant Hast-Pathogen Index to the Review of Applied Mycology, Volumes 1--40 (1922--1961). Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, 820 pp.
DICTIONARY OF BOTANICAL GENERAL TERMS Elsevier's Dictionary o f Botany. Volume II: General Terms. Paul Macura. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company Amsterdam/New York, 1982. vi + 744 pp., Dfl.260.00/US$110.95. ISBN 0-444-41977-2. The first volume (Macura, 1979) o f this work is an exceedingly valuable dictionary of plant names which inter-relates the c o m m o n names of plants which are current in English, French, German and Russian and also leads to their botanical names. Volume II extends the word list to terms which are in general use in the plant sciences. This involves the inclusion of many words which strictly belong in related fields but which are c o m m o n l y met with in works which deal with plants. This makes the book far more useful to botanists than the more strictly limited word lists and dictionaries previously available to them.
This book is made up of 17 contributions in the fields of wheat evolution, conservation, genetics, breeding, physiology and agronomy, presented at a Symposium organized by the Division of Plant Industry, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, to mark the 80th birthday of Sir Otto Frankel. The intention was not to review all aspects of research in these fields, but rather to gather together Otto's friends and colleagues who collectively have made major contributions to our understanding of this important species. The scope of the book is therefore most accurately summarized by a list of those who have reviewed their own areas of interest. The topics and authors concerned are: the early history of wheat (Harlan), wheat genetic resources (Marshall and Brown), molecular evolution of wheat (Peacock, Gerlach and Dennis; Wildman), alien genetic transfers to wheat (Sears), wheat transformation (Langridge), wheat breeding (Driscoll), wheatbarley hybrids (Shepherd and Islam), wheat rusts in Australia (Watson), wheat proteins (Simmonds), the genetics of floral development in wheat (Frankel, Knox and Considine), physiology and the breeding of wheat (Passioura; Evans), competition and communal plants (Donald), wheat agronomy (Fischer), prospects for the future of wheat science (Riley), and Otto Frankel's contributions to wheat breeding, genetics and the conservation of genetic resources (White). The volume is a fitting tribute to Otto Frankel's lifelong devotion to the biological and agricultural sciences, and his continuing special interest in wheat as a species of the utmost importance for the future of mankind. The individual chapters are scholarly, and provide a series of reviews which will be of great interest to graduate students, lecturers and research workers in plant breeding, crop physiology and agronomy. B.D.H. LATTER Department of Agricultural Gene tics, University of Sydney Sydney, N.S. W. 2006, Australia
FUNGUS DISEASES OF TROPICAL CROPS Fungus Diseases o f Tropical Crops. Paul HoUiday (Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew). Cambridge University Press, London, 1980.607 pp. (cloth-bound), £55.00. ISBN 0-521-22529-9.
The author of this excellent sourcebook on fungus diseases of tropical crops states in his introduction that his book has four aims:
78 (1) to give a full description of fungus genera and species; (2) to give a succinct account of each disease, emphasizing those factors which are most important in the field; (3) to give references adequate for access both to the bulk of the original work on the disease and the more recent, specific literature on fungus morphology and t o x o n o m y ; (4) to give an alphabetical arrangement to facilitate the identification of a given disease. The first three objectives are certainly very ambitious b u t it is apparent to anyone who reads the b o o k that the author has succeeded in writing a most splendid account of fungus diseases of tropical crops. This sourcebook of modern tropical plant pathology has made a very valuable contribution to the literature on tropical plant pathology. More than 160 genera are treated as separate entries followed b y the accounts o f the single species and altogether over 200 genera are treated in the text. The account of the different pathogens and the diseases they cause follows the outline given above and is a very orderly presentation of the subject, covering 555 pages. The author focuses more attention on factors relevant to the disease in the field than to elementary histology, cultural and biochemical work. A list of literature references for the different pathogens is presented at the end of each respective account. According to the author he has been selective and limited his literature selection to the primary sources, .e.g. original papers, monographs, reviews and books. Since almost all the works cited have been examined in the original by the author, this part of the authorship certainly implies a great deal of work. In the index o f fungi at the end of the b o o k more than 1000 species, varieties and formae speciales are listed. There is also an index of fungus synonyms and some conidial states. As far as be applicable, the pathogens are listed in the order of the perfect state. The author refers to the CMI standardised description sheets concerned with species morphology. Frequent and most valuable references are also made in the text to the CMI distribution maps of plant diseases. Besides the index of fungi there is also a very valuable appendix to the main chapter on pathogens in which hosts and their pathogens are registered. The entry for a plant in this index consists of up to four elements: (1) plant genus and species with c o m m o n name(s); (2) pathogens fully treated; (3) other pathogens where the plant is mentioned in a briefer treatment of the disease; (4) selected references to crop pathology. This appendix gives the reader short information on hosts and pathogens treated in the b o o k as well as important references on crop pathology. The author has not forgotten that some users of the b o o k may need a list of c o m m o n disease names. He has therefore listed these with the hosts and pathogens, as for instance angular leaf spot, c o m m o n and lima beans (Phaeoisario~)sis griseola). The list of c o m m o n host names comprises 350 hosts with
79 their botanical equivalents. Temperate crops c o m m o n l y grown at high altitudes in the tropics have been omitted unless their main production is within the tropics, whilst some crops of temperate origin c o m m o n l y grown in the lowland tropics are considered. The mycological taxonomic usage is mainly that followed at CMI as by Ainsworth and Bisby (1971) and Ainsworth et al. (1973). The author also refers to McFarlane (1968) and the abstracts in Review o f Applied Mycology and its continuation, Review o f Plant Pathology. With his book on fungus diseases of tropical crops, Paul Holliday has given us a most welcome addition to the literature on tropical plant pathology. It will be appreciated by m a n y plant pathologists all over the world. HELGE HELLQVIST Experimental Division of North Swedish Plant Protection Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 720 S-901 10 Urnea Sweden REFERENCES Ainsworth, G.C. and Bisby, G.R., 1971. Dictionary of the Fungi. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, 663 pp. Ainsworth, G.C. et al., 1973. The Fungi. Vols. I~¢A& B. Academic Press, New York, NY, 504 pp. McFarlane, H.H., 1968. Plant Hast-Pathogen Index to the Review of Applied Mycology, Volumes 1--40 (1922--1961). Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, 820 pp.
DICTIONARY OF BOTANICAL GENERAL TERMS Elsevier's Dictionary o f Botany. Volume II: General Terms. Paul Macura. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company Amsterdam/New York, 1982. vi + 744 pp., Dfl.260.00/US$110.95. ISBN 0-444-41977-2. The first volume (Macura, 1979) o f this work is an exceedingly valuable dictionary of plant names which inter-relates the c o m m o n names of plants which are current in English, French, German and Russian and also leads to their botanical names. Volume II extends the word list to terms which are in general use in the plant sciences. This involves the inclusion of many words which strictly belong in related fields but which are c o m m o n l y met with in works which deal with plants. This makes the book far more useful to botanists than the more strictly limited word lists and dictionaries previously available to them.