- Email: [email protected]
Gangliosides in neurological and neuromuscular function, development and repair
\\.'alser et al: Auditory Br;ml Stem Responses
curred much more slowly than would have been expected judging by the rapid, favorable clinical course. Thus this precludes the use of evoked potentials as a reliable tool for monitoring the early postoperative period in those patients in whom a considerable number of severe complications due to transient dysfunction of the brain stem must be met. As one would assume, the study of evoked potentials primarily reflects the state of the brain stem auditory system, which obviously can be quite selectively affected by brain stem lesions. It appears that to date skillful clinical assessment of these patients still provides more reliable information about the general postoperative condition than do evoked potentials.
We are grateful to Dr. A. M. Halliday, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen Square, London, for his invaluable comments on the manuscript.
References 1. Achor EJ. Start A: Auditory brain stem responses in the cat. I: Intracranial and extracranial recording. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysio148:154 173, 1980
415
2. Achor kJ, Start A: Auditory brain stem responses in the cat. II: Effects of lesions. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 48:174 190, 1980 5. Buchwald JS, Huang CM: Far-field acoustic response: origins in the cat. Science 189:382 ~84, 1975 4. No reference 5. Hashimoto 1, lshiyama Y, Tozuka G: Bilaterally recorded brain stem auditory evoked responses. Arch Neurol 36:16l- 167, 1979 6. Huang CM, BuchwaldJS: Interpretation of the vertex short latency acoustic response: ~ study of single neurons in the brain stem. Brain Res l:,7:291-30~, 1977 7. Jewett D[.: Volume conducted potentials m response to auditory stimul~ as detected by averaging in the cat. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 28:609-618, 1970 8. Jewett DL, Romano MN, Williston JS: Human auditory evoked potentials: possible brain stem components detected on the scalp. Science 167:1517-1518, 1970 9. Selters WA, Brackmann D: Acoustic tumour detection with brain stem electric response audiometry. Arch Oto[aryngol 105 : 181-187, 1977 10. Sohmer H, Feinme,ser M, SzaboG: Source~of electrocochleographic responses as studied in patients with brain damage. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 37:663-669, 1974 11. Start A, Hamilton A: Correlation between confirmed sites of neuroh)gical lesions of far-field auditory brain stem responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 41:595-608, 1976 12. Stockard JJ, Stockard JE, Sharbrough FW: Detection and localisation of occult lesions with brain stem auditory responses. Mayo Clin Proc 52:761 769, 1977
Book Review Gangliosides in Neurological and Neuromuscular Function, Development and Repair Edited by M. M. Rapport and A. G,rio New Y(~rk, Raven Press, 1981 276 pp., ,535.00 Reviewed by George J. Dohrmann, M.D., Ph.D., Chicago, Illinois This hardcover volume represents the proceedings of a symposium on gangliosides in neurological and neuromuscular function, development, and repair, which was held at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in November, 1980. The monograph is composed of 21 sections written by 57 authors. A brief review of the biochemistry of gangliosides is given, and this is followed by
a discussion of aberrant growth e n h a n c e m e n t in neurons in human gangliosidosis. The action of gangliosides in development and aging are covered, as are the effects of gangliosides on neuronal membranes. Of interest to the clinician are the sections that focus on the role of gangliosides and altered ganglioside concentrations in convulsive disorders. Gangliosides have been shown to mediate neuronal maturation in vitro, and this is nicely discussed by several authors, A x o n elongation and sprouting secondary to ganglioside stimulation is covered and is well illustrated. Treatment of human diabetic peripheral neuropathy by the administration of gangliosides is presented. In general I recommend this monograph to those with a background in neurochemistry, to those with a research interest in gangliosides, and to those in the clinical neurosciences studying epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy.
curred much more slowly than would have been expected judging by the rapid, favorable clinical course. Thus this precludes the use of evoked potentials as a reliable tool for monitoring the early postoperative period in those patients in whom a considerable number of severe complications due to transient dysfunction of the brain stem must be met. As one would assume, the study of evoked potentials primarily reflects the state of the brain stem auditory system, which obviously can be quite selectively affected by brain stem lesions. It appears that to date skillful clinical assessment of these patients still provides more reliable information about the general postoperative condition than do evoked potentials.
We are grateful to Dr. A. M. Halliday, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen Square, London, for his invaluable comments on the manuscript.
References 1. Achor EJ. Start A: Auditory brain stem responses in the cat. I: Intracranial and extracranial recording. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysio148:154 173, 1980
415
2. Achor kJ, Start A: Auditory brain stem responses in the cat. II: Effects of lesions. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 48:174 190, 1980 5. Buchwald JS, Huang CM: Far-field acoustic response: origins in the cat. Science 189:382 ~84, 1975 4. No reference 5. Hashimoto 1, lshiyama Y, Tozuka G: Bilaterally recorded brain stem auditory evoked responses. Arch Neurol 36:16l- 167, 1979 6. Huang CM, BuchwaldJS: Interpretation of the vertex short latency acoustic response: ~ study of single neurons in the brain stem. Brain Res l:,7:291-30~, 1977 7. Jewett D[.: Volume conducted potentials m response to auditory stimul~ as detected by averaging in the cat. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 28:609-618, 1970 8. Jewett DL, Romano MN, Williston JS: Human auditory evoked potentials: possible brain stem components detected on the scalp. Science 167:1517-1518, 1970 9. Selters WA, Brackmann D: Acoustic tumour detection with brain stem electric response audiometry. Arch Oto[aryngol 105 : 181-187, 1977 10. Sohmer H, Feinme,ser M, SzaboG: Source~of electrocochleographic responses as studied in patients with brain damage. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 37:663-669, 1974 11. Start A, Hamilton A: Correlation between confirmed sites of neuroh)gical lesions of far-field auditory brain stem responses. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 41:595-608, 1976 12. Stockard JJ, Stockard JE, Sharbrough FW: Detection and localisation of occult lesions with brain stem auditory responses. Mayo Clin Proc 52:761 769, 1977
Book Review Gangliosides in Neurological and Neuromuscular Function, Development and Repair Edited by M. M. Rapport and A. G,rio New Y(~rk, Raven Press, 1981 276 pp., ,535.00 Reviewed by George J. Dohrmann, M.D., Ph.D., Chicago, Illinois This hardcover volume represents the proceedings of a symposium on gangliosides in neurological and neuromuscular function, development, and repair, which was held at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in November, 1980. The monograph is composed of 21 sections written by 57 authors. A brief review of the biochemistry of gangliosides is given, and this is followed by
a discussion of aberrant growth e n h a n c e m e n t in neurons in human gangliosidosis. The action of gangliosides in development and aging are covered, as are the effects of gangliosides on neuronal membranes. Of interest to the clinician are the sections that focus on the role of gangliosides and altered ganglioside concentrations in convulsive disorders. Gangliosides have been shown to mediate neuronal maturation in vitro, and this is nicely discussed by several authors, A x o n elongation and sprouting secondary to ganglioside stimulation is covered and is well illustrated. Treatment of human diabetic peripheral neuropathy by the administration of gangliosides is presented. In general I recommend this monograph to those with a background in neurochemistry, to those with a research interest in gangliosides, and to those in the clinical neurosciences studying epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy.