Gas-diffusion electrode with nano-sized pores

present

Patents

in the binding

membrane voltage high

exhibits and

interface.

a reduced

a high

The

current-efficiency

current-density

Polymer electrolyte A polymer-electrolyte hot-air

drying

membrane

membrane, with

of

the basic

introduced

proton

polymer.

The

as a proton-conduction to

conduction.

Since

membrane,

a base

proton

proton

conduction

polymer compared

takes

favourable

proton

of

at

the boiling

case

used for separating

fluid mixtures. are arranged

membranes of the

a gap is formed

between

membrane

channel

for the fluid

surface

of the tubular

has a first-end discharge,

respectively,

means

N. Hasegawa

membranes Applicant:

Occtech

provided

Engineering

Prop.

for recovering

cyanide

the outer

The annulus each

being

entrance

and

Disclosed metals

is a process

from

cyanide

a liquor

containing

metallurgical

or

industrial

process

of

Van Delft,

by

Marggraff

dissociation

through

of

the

the

‘electro-winning’ generated

and

process,

gap and

for the discharge

of

flow.

treatment

step

for

re-use

A porous

gas-diffusion

An

electrolyte

membrane

process

that

uses

apparatus,

which

may be used in

is also detailed process

cyanide

from

complexes

liquors

for

separation

containing

this patent.

A

catalyst,

of

pores.

in the patent.

alone,

is a further

a polymer The

substrate

F.-K.

Inventors: S. Jayasekera,

treated

M.D. Adams,

with

the

Inventors: J.A. Appleby,

2001

membrane

exchange

to each

characterized powder, (which

Corporation, and other,

in that

Japan

Separation

uses a cation-

Applicant: Solvay

of

and

nano-sized

using

nano-sized

is applied electrolyte

resulting

an

the

system

ion-exchange

with the metal being selected having as

ruthenium

an atomic

titanium, and

from among

number

Membrane Technology No. 141

ion

by ion exchange

zirconium,

palladium)

is

resin

with a metal ion or a metal-complex

metals

a support solution

solution

film is then

solvent

from

the

to a

and an is

on

those

of 20 to 90, tin,

is caused

iron, to

und

be

relates

mixtures

of SF,

example,

as insulating

cables, insulating

and

separation into

SF,

Derivate

specific

of gas

are used,

for

gases for ground

gas in magnesium

with

by bringing a hydrophobic

pore size as a selective

the

surface

the

An

the

electrode

of the

is

heat-stable

the drying

heat-stable

surface,

so

comprising

process, polymer-

as to

obtain

a heat-stable

membrane

and an electrode.

completely

dried,

and electrode

the

The

an

polymer

The

unit

and the assembly

the membrane substrate.

polymet-

dry. (The active surface of

faces

film’s

is then

comprising

is separated

invention

also

from

concerns

and electrode-membrane-

assemblies

obtained

by the method

and

these assemblies. F. Jousse,

Publication ahte: 7 September

M. Pineri,

R.

2001

which

are

casting. The the mixtures zeolite

adsorption

of

agent

with barrier

Applicant: Atecs Mannesmann The invention which

relates

prevents

carbon

membrane

of a material

to protons. and a second

matters.

in the carrier

the diffusion middle

the middle is selectively

middle

and

layer

can

that is selectively is impermeable

The second material

of exclusion

layer

the with

that is able to transport

material

to protons,

that

significantly

is provided

which

The

protons

the

other

into

active layers and a middle

a carrier material

arranged

or

passing

to the invention,

given exclusion

membrane

monoxide from

contain

permeable

AG, Germany

to a fuel-cell

impurities

permeable

GmbH,

gas layers and as filling gas for

is achieved

contact

solution.

layer. According

car tyres, and of SF, and air mixtures, used as protective

a heat-stable

by evaporating

the

two outer catalytically

2001

which

filling

dried

of

is poured

film. The heat-stable

system. The fuel-cell

to the separation N,,

a number

polymer

film during

electrode

undesired

S. Gamburzev

Fluor

a heat-stable

so as to obtain

polymer

solution

and

a heat-stable

Fuel-cell membrane layer

structure

of gases containing

This invention

The membranes

and

has been incorporated

such

onto

for preparing

at least one electrode

an electro-

Germany

an anion-exchange

has been developed.

are bound

Firstly,

layer consists

system which

membrane

membrane

steps.

Mercier

Bipolar membrane Applicant: Tokuyama

Atomique,

It comprises

for polymer-

contains

7 September

a method

surface,

Inventors: D. Marsacq,

Patent number: WO 01165617

I? Mcintosh

active

membrane.

USA

to remove the pore-former.

Publication he:

A bipolar

an

polymer

a fuel cell comprising

fuels cells is the subject

The pore-former and

Belt, I?

Patent number: WO 0 1165623

electrode

are formed

H.-J.

2001

comprising

electrode-membrane

University,

along with a polymer

electrocatalyst

Publication date: 30 August

Van Veen,

electrolyte

pores

‘pore-formers’.

cyanide

aspect of the invention.

V. Cinanni,

C.Y.

2001

The electrode

Patent number: WO 01162993 I.J. Corrans,

H.M

Brtischke,

Gas-diffusion electrode nano-sized pores

a

metallurgical

membrane

N.I? Wynn,

in

electrochemical the process,

Pex, H.E.A.

Applicant: Texas A&M

it.

having

assembly

in a

is recovered

concerns

an assembly

electrode

of the metal while free cyanide,

in the

membrane

complex

of

gases.

& I’Energie

before it is completely

tubular

electrochemical

of the metal-cyanide

The invention

polymer-solution

flow

lumen

Publication date: 30 August

The

method

France

feed

inner

Inventors: l?l?A.C.

generated process.

involves

the

relates

electrode

Applicant: Commissariat

deposited

are sealed from the annular

complexes

and metal that are typically

recovery

and

out

T. Schwarze,

Membrane-based assemblies

of the feed flow and with

Patent number: WO 01/62371

Australia

a

along

for

with a connection

the permeate

Ltd,

service’ of a feed flow

membrane.

the

The

provides

means

to direct

channels.

Recovery of cyanide and metals

Each tube

a second-end,

Inventors: T. Taniguchi,

2001

an inner

the ‘outside

mixture

and with

Y. Morimoto,

has

to each

and the ‘inside service’ of

connecting

Publication date: 30 August

of

to the inner lumen.

Patent number: WO 01163683 M. Kawasumi,

A number parallel

by a larger diameter feed tube and

is surrounded

temperature

M. Nakano,

is

is from the exterior

the feed tube. This annulus

point of water.

the

further

also may be used for the

Inventors: M. Pittroff,

of this patent

membranes

even in a low

elevated

carrying

Publication date: 30 August

tubular

the tubular

shows

and

with

Barthelemy

The Netherlands

of the membrane

proton-

of fluid

that is the subject

Each

the base polymer

an

Module for the separation mixtures

and the flow direction

the

the

conductivity

state,

exceeding

with

charge

for

process

Patent number WO 01162366

other.

of

The invention

of SF, from exhaust

2001

SF, first

into contact

separation

Publication date: 30 August

lumen

charge

agent.

high

is preferably

separation

is brought

The method

main-

electrolyte

takes

adsorption

of ‘blisters’.

F. Hanada

proton

the the

in the polymer

as a hydrate,

humidity

of

to a membrane

the permeate

separation.

The apparatus

of

subjected

to a device

S. Nago,

Applicant: ECN,

is

a

of time,

At

the mixture

Patent number: WO 01162384

it into a basic polymer

hexafluoride.

Inventors:

the membrane into a site acting

charge

conduction,

where

electrolyte

basic

pass

take

an

conductivity

immersing

to impregnate

by

with

an

in a large quantity

polymer

is formed

forming

and then solution

Japan

formed

having

capability

polymer

Corporation,

a membrane

acidic main-polymer and

membrane

Motor

sulfur

concentrations

under

for a long period

and is also free from the occurrence Applicant: Toyota

for

bipolar

water dissociation

in such matter

is prevented,

to

material through

or at

least

reduced.

Patent number: WO 01165622 Inventor: K. Eck Publication date: 7 September

is

a way

2001

0