- Email: [email protected]
Gastrocnemius tubercle: A new anatomical entity?
j o u r n a l o f t h e a n a t o m i c a l s o c i e t y o f i n d i a 6 4 S ( 2 0 1 5 ) S37–S62
unusual communication of the cephalic vein, which terminated into the external jugular vein after crossing anterior to the clavicle. The external jugular vein then ended into the jugulo-subclavian junction behind the clavicle. The abnormal course and variations are important for interventional radiologists who perform transjugular procedures. The above unusual course of the external jugular vein is important for physicians to know about the surprises related to the terminations and angulations of external jugular vein during central venous catheterizations.
S41
forearm and also thumb was absent. Investigations revealed low platelet count and the case is diagnosed as “TAR Syndrome”. The details of the abnormalities, investigations, and differential diagnosis will be presented at the conference.
17. Gastrocnemius tubercle: A new anatomical entity? S.N. Gosavi a , S.D. Jadhav b , R.S. Garud a Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, India; b PDVVPF’s Medical College, Ahmednagar, India
a
15. Anomalous left renal artery: A case report Sarkar Maumita, Pal Sharmila, Chattopadhyay Jadab Chandra, Ganguly Shirshendu Medical College, 88 College Street, Kolkata, India Introduction: Adequate knowledge of variations of renal arteries is of interest not only to the anatomists but also to the surgeons. Case Report: The present case describes anomalous left renal artery in a 58-year-old male cadaver during routine dissection of the abdomen in the department of Anatomy in Medical College, Kolkata. The left renal artery originated from the antero-lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta. It bifurcated 1.5 cms distal to its origin, behind the left renal vein, into upper and lower divisions. The upper division passed laterally towards the kidney and arched anteriorly over the left renal vein and entered the kidney through the hilum. As the artery arched over the corresponding vein, it gave origin to the left inferior supra-renal artery to the left supra-renal gland. Thereafter, it gave two branches before entering the kidney. The branches also entered through the hilum. The lower division passed laterally behind the left renal vein and renal pelvis and entered the kidney through the posterior aspect of the hilum. However, such variations were not found on the opposite side. Proper understanding of these anatomical variations and anomalies is essential to perform procedures, such as renal transplantation, renal vascular surgeries and interventional renal radiological procedures. Conclusion: Knowledge of such variations is important for avoiding complications during renal surgeries and for interpretation of renal radiological procedures.
Introduction: All the standard textbooks of anatomy describe only two bony prominences on the medial condyle of femure. In addition to Adductor tubercle and Medial epicondyle of femur, a third bony prominence was also found in many bones. LaPrade et al. named it as Gastrocnemius tubercle. The medial head of gastrocnemius muscle and posterior oblique ligament were attached closed to it. Materials and Methods: We examined 270 dry femora from the Indian west costal region, available in the Department of anatomy of two medical colleges. The medial condyle was observed for the presence of third bony prominence. i.e. Gastrocnemius tubercle (GCT) along with Adductor tubercle (AT) and medial epicondyle (MEP). The presence and absence of GCT was noted. The size of GCT and AT was compared. The distances between AT and GCT and also between GCT and MEP were measured using digital vernier caliper, accurate up to 0.01 mm. Results: The percentage, mean, range and standard deviation were calculated for the data. We observed the presence of GCT in 136 bones, i.e., 50.37%. In majority (74.41%) of the bones, AT was larger than GCT, in 9.30% bones, GCT was larger than AT, and in the remaining. both the bony prominences were almost of the same size. Mean distance between GCT and AT was 10.67 ± 2.33 mm. Distance between GCT and MEP was observed as 14.80 ± 2.25 mm. It is important for clinicians to identify presence of GCT to avoid non-anatomical repair of medial knee injuries.
18. Anomalous splenic notch and splenic fissure – A cadaveric study R. Siva Chidambaram, Neelee Jayasree, Soorya Sridhar
16. TAR syndrome: A case report Amera Afroz, Pariplavi Osmania Medical College, India Introduction: Thrombocytopaenia with absent radius is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by the absence of radius bone in the forearm and dramatically reduced platelet count. It is called TAR syndrome. Case Report: A 3-day-old male baby, born at 32–34 weeks of gestation, to a primi with non-consanguineous marriage was brought to Niloufer hospital with complaint of respiratory distress. On examination, radius was absent in the left
Narayana Medical College, Nellore, India Introduction: The Spleen is a large encapsulated mass of vascular and lymphoid tissue situated in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm. Its shape varies from a slightly curved wedge to a dome-shaped tetrahedron, determined by its neighbouring structures when fixed in situ. The superior border of the spleen presents one or two notches close to the lateral end, indicating the lobulated form of the spleen in the early foetal life. Objective: To study the spleen morphologically in the cadavers.
unusual communication of the cephalic vein, which terminated into the external jugular vein after crossing anterior to the clavicle. The external jugular vein then ended into the jugulo-subclavian junction behind the clavicle. The abnormal course and variations are important for interventional radiologists who perform transjugular procedures. The above unusual course of the external jugular vein is important for physicians to know about the surprises related to the terminations and angulations of external jugular vein during central venous catheterizations.
S41
forearm and also thumb was absent. Investigations revealed low platelet count and the case is diagnosed as “TAR Syndrome”. The details of the abnormalities, investigations, and differential diagnosis will be presented at the conference.
17. Gastrocnemius tubercle: A new anatomical entity? S.N. Gosavi a , S.D. Jadhav b , R.S. Garud a Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, India; b PDVVPF’s Medical College, Ahmednagar, India
a
15. Anomalous left renal artery: A case report Sarkar Maumita, Pal Sharmila, Chattopadhyay Jadab Chandra, Ganguly Shirshendu Medical College, 88 College Street, Kolkata, India Introduction: Adequate knowledge of variations of renal arteries is of interest not only to the anatomists but also to the surgeons. Case Report: The present case describes anomalous left renal artery in a 58-year-old male cadaver during routine dissection of the abdomen in the department of Anatomy in Medical College, Kolkata. The left renal artery originated from the antero-lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta. It bifurcated 1.5 cms distal to its origin, behind the left renal vein, into upper and lower divisions. The upper division passed laterally towards the kidney and arched anteriorly over the left renal vein and entered the kidney through the hilum. As the artery arched over the corresponding vein, it gave origin to the left inferior supra-renal artery to the left supra-renal gland. Thereafter, it gave two branches before entering the kidney. The branches also entered through the hilum. The lower division passed laterally behind the left renal vein and renal pelvis and entered the kidney through the posterior aspect of the hilum. However, such variations were not found on the opposite side. Proper understanding of these anatomical variations and anomalies is essential to perform procedures, such as renal transplantation, renal vascular surgeries and interventional renal radiological procedures. Conclusion: Knowledge of such variations is important for avoiding complications during renal surgeries and for interpretation of renal radiological procedures.
Introduction: All the standard textbooks of anatomy describe only two bony prominences on the medial condyle of femure. In addition to Adductor tubercle and Medial epicondyle of femur, a third bony prominence was also found in many bones. LaPrade et al. named it as Gastrocnemius tubercle. The medial head of gastrocnemius muscle and posterior oblique ligament were attached closed to it. Materials and Methods: We examined 270 dry femora from the Indian west costal region, available in the Department of anatomy of two medical colleges. The medial condyle was observed for the presence of third bony prominence. i.e. Gastrocnemius tubercle (GCT) along with Adductor tubercle (AT) and medial epicondyle (MEP). The presence and absence of GCT was noted. The size of GCT and AT was compared. The distances between AT and GCT and also between GCT and MEP were measured using digital vernier caliper, accurate up to 0.01 mm. Results: The percentage, mean, range and standard deviation were calculated for the data. We observed the presence of GCT in 136 bones, i.e., 50.37%. In majority (74.41%) of the bones, AT was larger than GCT, in 9.30% bones, GCT was larger than AT, and in the remaining. both the bony prominences were almost of the same size. Mean distance between GCT and AT was 10.67 ± 2.33 mm. Distance between GCT and MEP was observed as 14.80 ± 2.25 mm. It is important for clinicians to identify presence of GCT to avoid non-anatomical repair of medial knee injuries.
18. Anomalous splenic notch and splenic fissure – A cadaveric study R. Siva Chidambaram, Neelee Jayasree, Soorya Sridhar
16. TAR syndrome: A case report Amera Afroz, Pariplavi Osmania Medical College, India Introduction: Thrombocytopaenia with absent radius is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by the absence of radius bone in the forearm and dramatically reduced platelet count. It is called TAR syndrome. Case Report: A 3-day-old male baby, born at 32–34 weeks of gestation, to a primi with non-consanguineous marriage was brought to Niloufer hospital with complaint of respiratory distress. On examination, radius was absent in the left
Narayana Medical College, Nellore, India Introduction: The Spleen is a large encapsulated mass of vascular and lymphoid tissue situated in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm. Its shape varies from a slightly curved wedge to a dome-shaped tetrahedron, determined by its neighbouring structures when fixed in situ. The superior border of the spleen presents one or two notches close to the lateral end, indicating the lobulated form of the spleen in the early foetal life. Objective: To study the spleen morphologically in the cadavers.