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Gender differences in the relative contribution of NO and EDHF on the regulation of vasomotor tone of rabbit mesenteric arteries
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
phase. Allopregnanolone resulted in an increased swimming behavior, interpreted as an antidepressant-like effect, which was prevented by SCH 233390. These results suggest an involvement of dopamine D1 receptors in the mechanism of action of allopregnanolone, and are consistent with the observation that allopregnanolone increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, an event that is critical in the mechanism of antidepressant effect in this test.
19
Gender Differences in Operative Outcome After Sur~lical Coronary Artery Revascularization Without the Use of Extracorporeal Circulation S.H. Daebritz; H. Mair; J.S. Sachweh; P. Uberfuhr; P. Lamm; a n d B. Reichart
Cardiac Surge~ University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany I n t r o d u c t i o n : W o m e n carry an increased mortality and morbidity after conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as demonstrated in multiple studies in large patient cohorts. Recently, a decrease of mortality and morbidity was found for CABG without the use of cardiopulm o n a r y bypass (OPCAB). We were interested in w h e t h e r there are still gender-specific differences after OPCAB surgery. M e t h o d s : Since 1/2004, a total of 345 OPCAB revascularization procedures were performed (26.4% of all CABG procedures) in our department; 68/347 patients were female (19.7%). Mean age was 68.7 + 10.3 years for female and 67.2 + 10.0 for male patients (P = 0.26). There were no significant gender differences with regard to diabetes renal insufficiency hypertension, ejection fraction, and reoperation. Results: Emergent revascularization was more frequent in female patients (20.6% vs 10.5%, P = 0.038). In addition, female patients received less bypass grafts (1.9 + 0.8 vs 2.2 + 0.9, P = 0.024), but a comparable n u m b e r of arterial grafts (1.1 + 0.5 vs 1.2 + 0.6, P = 0.63). Mortality was comparable between genders (2.9% female vs 3.2% male, P = 1.0), but female patients more frequently needed intra-aortic balloon p u m p i n g postoperatively. Ventilation time, rethoracotomy and intensive care stay did not differ significantly between female and male patients. Conclusions: Off p u m p coronary artery revascularization is n o t associated with increased mortality in female patients as has been d e m o n strated for conventional CABG. However, in OPCAB surgery female patients received less bypass grafts and more often needed mechanical circulatory support postoperatively.
20 Gender Differences in the Relative Contribution of NO and EDHF on the Regulation of Vasomotor Tone of Rabbit Mesenteric Arteries Paola Del Basso Orsini; S i m o n a Calciano; Tiziana Coletta; Maria Zurlo; a n d Fulvia Fabi
Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Roma, Italy The endothelium controls the vascular tone through synthesis and release of relaxing factors, namely nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Since gender differences in the endothelium-dependent regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone have been observed, we hypothesized that a different contribution of NO and EDHF may account for the p h e n o m e n o n . Therefore, endothelium-
dependent relaxations induced by carbachol (CC) or vasoconstrictor sympathetic responses induced by transmural adrenergic nerve stimulation (TNS) were studied in ring segments of rabbit mesenteric arteries of both sexes. In the presence of the NOS inhibitor, L-NNA, the concentration-response curves to CC were significantly rightwardshifted in both sexes in comparison to their own controls, but the relaxations of females were significantly reduced more t h a n those of males. Accordingly, L-NNA shifted to the left frequency-contractile curves induced by TNS in both sexes, but the vasoconstrictor responses of female vessels were higher than those of males. By contrast, the presence of the putative EDHF inhibitors, apamin plus charybdotoxin, significantly reduced the vasodilator responses to CC and potentiated the sympathetic contraction of male vessels, whereas it did not affect the vasoconstriction induced by TNS in female arteries. These data demonstrate that the relative contribution of NO and EDHF in the agonist stimulated vasodilatation and in the modulation of sympathetic vasoconstriction differs between males and females. Although NO appears to exhibit a primary role to modulate the vascular tone in both sexes, it is functionally more important in females, whereas EDHF is a necessary contributor in males.
21
Escitalopram for the Treatment of Insomnia During the Perimenopausal Period Zipi Dolev
Private Practice for Women's Mental Health, Herzlia, Israel Objectives: One of the main complaints of the perimenopausal period is the disturbance of sleep. The SSRI appear to be a good alternative to HRT in the treatment of emotional symptoms in the perimenopausal period. The current study aimed to examine the effects of escitalopram in addressing sleep disturbances during the p e r i m e n o p a u s a l period. S t u d y Design: This study was designed as a naturalistic field study. Sixty women, aged 45-57 years were referred for evaluation of sleep disorders. Exclusion criteria were: psychiatric disorders, HRT, sedative or psychotropic drags. The trial included 41 w o m e n with only sleep disturbance as their chief complaint. Assessments included the CGI-I and CGI-S. Response was defined as CGI-I of 1 or 2. R e s u l t s : All patients were given escitalopram 5-20 mg/d. 39 W o m e n showed i m p r o v e m e n t in the sleep quality as well as total sleep time. 2 W o m e n did n o t respond. Those who responded did so after a period of a couple of days. Conclusion: The vast majority of w o m e n who suffered from sleeping disturbance during the perimenopausal period, responded positively to the treatment of escitalopram. Most of the responders did so treated with 5 mg escitalopram. The conclusion of this study is limited by its n o n r a n d o m i z e d design and the lack of a control group. Reference: Shaver JLF, Zenk SN. Sleep disturbances in menopause. J Womens Health. 2000;9: 109-118.
22
The Relation Between Social and Economical Factors with Sexual Dysfunction in Menopausal Women Fariba Fahami; R o s h a n a k Hassanzahrae; Marjan Beigi; a n d Soroor A r m a n
$49
phase. Allopregnanolone resulted in an increased swimming behavior, interpreted as an antidepressant-like effect, which was prevented by SCH 233390. These results suggest an involvement of dopamine D1 receptors in the mechanism of action of allopregnanolone, and are consistent with the observation that allopregnanolone increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, an event that is critical in the mechanism of antidepressant effect in this test.
19
Gender Differences in Operative Outcome After Sur~lical Coronary Artery Revascularization Without the Use of Extracorporeal Circulation S.H. Daebritz; H. Mair; J.S. Sachweh; P. Uberfuhr; P. Lamm; a n d B. Reichart
Cardiac Surge~ University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany I n t r o d u c t i o n : W o m e n carry an increased mortality and morbidity after conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as demonstrated in multiple studies in large patient cohorts. Recently, a decrease of mortality and morbidity was found for CABG without the use of cardiopulm o n a r y bypass (OPCAB). We were interested in w h e t h e r there are still gender-specific differences after OPCAB surgery. M e t h o d s : Since 1/2004, a total of 345 OPCAB revascularization procedures were performed (26.4% of all CABG procedures) in our department; 68/347 patients were female (19.7%). Mean age was 68.7 + 10.3 years for female and 67.2 + 10.0 for male patients (P = 0.26). There were no significant gender differences with regard to diabetes renal insufficiency hypertension, ejection fraction, and reoperation. Results: Emergent revascularization was more frequent in female patients (20.6% vs 10.5%, P = 0.038). In addition, female patients received less bypass grafts (1.9 + 0.8 vs 2.2 + 0.9, P = 0.024), but a comparable n u m b e r of arterial grafts (1.1 + 0.5 vs 1.2 + 0.6, P = 0.63). Mortality was comparable between genders (2.9% female vs 3.2% male, P = 1.0), but female patients more frequently needed intra-aortic balloon p u m p i n g postoperatively. Ventilation time, rethoracotomy and intensive care stay did not differ significantly between female and male patients. Conclusions: Off p u m p coronary artery revascularization is n o t associated with increased mortality in female patients as has been d e m o n strated for conventional CABG. However, in OPCAB surgery female patients received less bypass grafts and more often needed mechanical circulatory support postoperatively.
20 Gender Differences in the Relative Contribution of NO and EDHF on the Regulation of Vasomotor Tone of Rabbit Mesenteric Arteries Paola Del Basso Orsini; S i m o n a Calciano; Tiziana Coletta; Maria Zurlo; a n d Fulvia Fabi
Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Roma, Italy The endothelium controls the vascular tone through synthesis and release of relaxing factors, namely nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Since gender differences in the endothelium-dependent regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone have been observed, we hypothesized that a different contribution of NO and EDHF may account for the p h e n o m e n o n . Therefore, endothelium-
dependent relaxations induced by carbachol (CC) or vasoconstrictor sympathetic responses induced by transmural adrenergic nerve stimulation (TNS) were studied in ring segments of rabbit mesenteric arteries of both sexes. In the presence of the NOS inhibitor, L-NNA, the concentration-response curves to CC were significantly rightwardshifted in both sexes in comparison to their own controls, but the relaxations of females were significantly reduced more t h a n those of males. Accordingly, L-NNA shifted to the left frequency-contractile curves induced by TNS in both sexes, but the vasoconstrictor responses of female vessels were higher than those of males. By contrast, the presence of the putative EDHF inhibitors, apamin plus charybdotoxin, significantly reduced the vasodilator responses to CC and potentiated the sympathetic contraction of male vessels, whereas it did not affect the vasoconstriction induced by TNS in female arteries. These data demonstrate that the relative contribution of NO and EDHF in the agonist stimulated vasodilatation and in the modulation of sympathetic vasoconstriction differs between males and females. Although NO appears to exhibit a primary role to modulate the vascular tone in both sexes, it is functionally more important in females, whereas EDHF is a necessary contributor in males.
21
Escitalopram for the Treatment of Insomnia During the Perimenopausal Period Zipi Dolev
Private Practice for Women's Mental Health, Herzlia, Israel Objectives: One of the main complaints of the perimenopausal period is the disturbance of sleep. The SSRI appear to be a good alternative to HRT in the treatment of emotional symptoms in the perimenopausal period. The current study aimed to examine the effects of escitalopram in addressing sleep disturbances during the p e r i m e n o p a u s a l period. S t u d y Design: This study was designed as a naturalistic field study. Sixty women, aged 45-57 years were referred for evaluation of sleep disorders. Exclusion criteria were: psychiatric disorders, HRT, sedative or psychotropic drags. The trial included 41 w o m e n with only sleep disturbance as their chief complaint. Assessments included the CGI-I and CGI-S. Response was defined as CGI-I of 1 or 2. R e s u l t s : All patients were given escitalopram 5-20 mg/d. 39 W o m e n showed i m p r o v e m e n t in the sleep quality as well as total sleep time. 2 W o m e n did n o t respond. Those who responded did so after a period of a couple of days. Conclusion: The vast majority of w o m e n who suffered from sleeping disturbance during the perimenopausal period, responded positively to the treatment of escitalopram. Most of the responders did so treated with 5 mg escitalopram. The conclusion of this study is limited by its n o n r a n d o m i z e d design and the lack of a control group. Reference: Shaver JLF, Zenk SN. Sleep disturbances in menopause. J Womens Health. 2000;9: 109-118.
22
The Relation Between Social and Economical Factors with Sexual Dysfunction in Menopausal Women Fariba Fahami; R o s h a n a k Hassanzahrae; Marjan Beigi; a n d Soroor A r m a n
$49