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Gingival retraction cord
DENTAL PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT
Gingival retraction cord PRODUCT NAME AND MANUFACTURER
Product name: Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord Manufacturer: Premier Dental Products Co., 3600 Horizon Drive, Box 61574, King of Prussia, Pa. 19406-0974, 1-610-239-6000, or 1-888-7736872, “www.premusa.com” Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord is made of cotton and impregnated with astrinigent, a buffered solution of 10 percent aluminum chloride. Hemodent cord is available in twisted and braided styles and comes in medium-thin (#9) and medium-heavy (#3) weights. The #9 is 84 inches of cord impregnated with 76.86 milligrams of aluminum chloride (approximately 0.9 mg per inch). The #3 is 84 inches of cord impregnated with 157.5 mg of aluminum chloride (approximately 1.8 mg per inch). CONSIDERATIONS FOR ACCEPTANCE
The Council on Scientific Affairs evaluated the Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord for safety and efficacy according to the ADA Provisions for Acceptance. The use of gingival retraction cords with 5 to 10 percent aluminum chloride has been shown to be safe and effective.1-3 INDICATIONS AND USE
Hemodent cord is indicated for all kinds of gingival retraction before impressions are taken or restorations are placed. Hemodent cord may be used dry or soaked with additional astringent. Cut cord may be stored in astringent solution for up to three months. It is suggested that placement start at the interproximal gingival crevice, where there usually is more tissue, and continue circumferentially. MECHANISM OF ACTION
Aluminum chloride is used commonly in gingival retraction because of its ability to cause contraction and shrinkage of tissue. Aluminum compounds act as hemostatic agents and astringents. These actions of aluminum chloride result from
its ability to precipitate protein, constrict blood vessels and extract fluid from tissues.4 Aluminum chloride is highly soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol and soluble in glycerin.5 BENEFITS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Hemodent cord contains aluminum chloride that is buffered to prevent irritation of the gingival tissue. Aluminum chloride has no contraindications and minimal side effects.6 However, irritation and even permanent tissue destruction can result from improper use of retraction cords. Retraction cords never should be forced into the sulcus. Use of cord impregnated with aluminum chloride is reported to be the safest and most effective method of gingival retraction.7 1. Woychesshin FF. An evaluation of the drugs used for gingival retraction. J Prosthet Dent 1964;14:769-76. 2. Ramadan FA, El-Sadeek M, Hassanein ES. Histopathologic response of gingival tissues to hemodent and aluminum chloride solutions as tissue displacement materials. Egypt Dent J 1972;18:337-52. 3. Mokbel AM, Mohammed YR. Local effect of applying aluminum chloride on the dento-gingival unit as a tissue displacement material: part I. Egypt Dent J 1973;19:35-48. 4. Burrell KH, Glick M. Hemostatics, astringents and gingival retraction cords. In: Ciancio SG, ed. ADA guide to dental therapeutics. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Dental Association; 2000:104-18. 5. Council on Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Association. Hemostatics and astringents. In: Accepted dental therapeutics. 40th ed. Chicago: American Dental Association;1984:334-41. 6. Cloyd S, Puri S. Using the double-cord packing technique of tissue retraction for making crown impressions. Dent Today 1999;18:54-9. 7. Azzi R, Tsao T, Carranza F Jr., Kenney EB. Comparative study of gingival retraction methods. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50:561-5.
The Dental Product Spotlight appears in JADA each month to help dentists stay current on new products entering the marketplace and receiving the ADA Seal of Acceptance. These reports are prepared by the ADA Division of Science, in cooperation with The Journal of the American Dental Association. All rights reserved.
652
JADA, Vol. 133, May 2002 Copyright ©2002 American Dental Association. All rights reserved.
Gingival retraction cord PRODUCT NAME AND MANUFACTURER
Product name: Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord Manufacturer: Premier Dental Products Co., 3600 Horizon Drive, Box 61574, King of Prussia, Pa. 19406-0974, 1-610-239-6000, or 1-888-7736872, “www.premusa.com” Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord is made of cotton and impregnated with astrinigent, a buffered solution of 10 percent aluminum chloride. Hemodent cord is available in twisted and braided styles and comes in medium-thin (#9) and medium-heavy (#3) weights. The #9 is 84 inches of cord impregnated with 76.86 milligrams of aluminum chloride (approximately 0.9 mg per inch). The #3 is 84 inches of cord impregnated with 157.5 mg of aluminum chloride (approximately 1.8 mg per inch). CONSIDERATIONS FOR ACCEPTANCE
The Council on Scientific Affairs evaluated the Hemodent Gingival Retraction Cord for safety and efficacy according to the ADA Provisions for Acceptance. The use of gingival retraction cords with 5 to 10 percent aluminum chloride has been shown to be safe and effective.1-3 INDICATIONS AND USE
Hemodent cord is indicated for all kinds of gingival retraction before impressions are taken or restorations are placed. Hemodent cord may be used dry or soaked with additional astringent. Cut cord may be stored in astringent solution for up to three months. It is suggested that placement start at the interproximal gingival crevice, where there usually is more tissue, and continue circumferentially. MECHANISM OF ACTION
Aluminum chloride is used commonly in gingival retraction because of its ability to cause contraction and shrinkage of tissue. Aluminum compounds act as hemostatic agents and astringents. These actions of aluminum chloride result from
its ability to precipitate protein, constrict blood vessels and extract fluid from tissues.4 Aluminum chloride is highly soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol and soluble in glycerin.5 BENEFITS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Hemodent cord contains aluminum chloride that is buffered to prevent irritation of the gingival tissue. Aluminum chloride has no contraindications and minimal side effects.6 However, irritation and even permanent tissue destruction can result from improper use of retraction cords. Retraction cords never should be forced into the sulcus. Use of cord impregnated with aluminum chloride is reported to be the safest and most effective method of gingival retraction.7 1. Woychesshin FF. An evaluation of the drugs used for gingival retraction. J Prosthet Dent 1964;14:769-76. 2. Ramadan FA, El-Sadeek M, Hassanein ES. Histopathologic response of gingival tissues to hemodent and aluminum chloride solutions as tissue displacement materials. Egypt Dent J 1972;18:337-52. 3. Mokbel AM, Mohammed YR. Local effect of applying aluminum chloride on the dento-gingival unit as a tissue displacement material: part I. Egypt Dent J 1973;19:35-48. 4. Burrell KH, Glick M. Hemostatics, astringents and gingival retraction cords. In: Ciancio SG, ed. ADA guide to dental therapeutics. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Dental Association; 2000:104-18. 5. Council on Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Association. Hemostatics and astringents. In: Accepted dental therapeutics. 40th ed. Chicago: American Dental Association;1984:334-41. 6. Cloyd S, Puri S. Using the double-cord packing technique of tissue retraction for making crown impressions. Dent Today 1999;18:54-9. 7. Azzi R, Tsao T, Carranza F Jr., Kenney EB. Comparative study of gingival retraction methods. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50:561-5.
The Dental Product Spotlight appears in JADA each month to help dentists stay current on new products entering the marketplace and receiving the ADA Seal of Acceptance. These reports are prepared by the ADA Division of Science, in cooperation with The Journal of the American Dental Association. All rights reserved.
652
JADA, Vol. 133, May 2002 Copyright ©2002 American Dental Association. All rights reserved.