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Giza Memorial Ophthalmic Laboratory
BOOK NOTICES appointed a committee to "inquire into and report upon the medical, education al and social aspects of the problems af fecting partially blind children." This committee, composed of four medical men, four educators, and three quali fied persons connected with institutions for the blind, obtained information from a large group of experts in Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, and the United States. The reports give special acknowledgments to a list of 58 of these advisers, headed by the names of the late Mr. Treacher Col lins, N. Bishop Harman, J. H. Fisher, and Sir John Parsons, of London, and eight other ophthalmologists. It is a re port of highest value to those who are interested in the care of the eyes of school children. It can be recommended to teachers and school administrators who will have charge of partially sighted children. The book starts with an introductory chapter dealing with the scope of the in quiry, the history of the subject, and the educational provision now made for partially sighted children, in England, Wales and other countries. Chapter 2 takes up the ophthalmic standards for selection of children who should attend special schools for the partially sighted. Chapter 3 deals with the medical care of these children, their ophthalmic supervision, attention to their general health, and cooperation between the school and the home. In chapters 4 and 5 different types of schools for these children are compared; and in chapter 6 educational problems are discussed, including curriculum, hygiene of the class room, and equipment. Chapter 7 is devoted to employment after leaving school. .Chapter 8 is a summary of con clusions and recommendations that ex hibit the practical British talent for getting results. Then there are 75 pages of appendices, largely giving detailed facts that have lead to these conclu sions. For the ophthalmologist who is in terested in the care of the eyes of school children this book gives the most com prehensive survey of the whole subject that has yet been published. It gives due relative importance to errors of re fraction, especially myopia and myopic
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astigmatism; but does not overlook the general health of the child, nor the question of his needs after he has left school.. It may be obtained from the publication office, or in this country through the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, in New York City. Edward Jackson. Conserving the sight of school children. A Report of the Joint Committee on Health Problems in Education. Thomas D. Wood, M.D., Chair man. Paper, 53 pages, illustrated. New York, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, 1935. This is a new edition of a report first issued years ago; revised by Annette M. Phelan, Staff Association of the Na tional Society for the Prevention of Blindness. The committee which pre pared it was composed chiefly of edu cators, school health officers, and ad ministrators. It is of interest to ophthalmologists, chiefly as demonstrating the wide in terest that is felt in the sight of school children, by showing how educators think about the vital necessity of good vision for the pupil. I t suggests the thought that, while some ophthalmolo gists are actively interested in the pre vention of blindness, they have shown little general interest in the problem of securing for all children the best vision of which they are capable. Edward Jackson. Giza Memorial Ophthalmic Laboratory, Eighth Annual Report, 1933. Cairo, Schindler's Press, 1934. 168 pages, 9 plates, 37 figures, price 25 P.T. The report of 1933 follows the form of previous publications. I t contains many points of interest. Probably chief among these is that pertaining to the Research section, and of special value is the work referable to trachoma and B. granulosis. The laboratory was visited by Dr. P. K. Olitsky and Mr. J. R. Tyler from the Laboratories of the Rockefeller In stitute of Medical Research in New York. They worked for two months at
476
CORRESPONDENCE
Giza, during which time it was possible This volume is, like each of its pre to observe their technic with great de decessors, of great value. tail. Three volunteers free from tra Lawrence T. Post. choma were inoculated by fresh strains of B. granulosis isolated locally and supplied by Tyler. "In the first two Bulletin de la Societe Beige d'Ophtalcases the inoculation was followed by mologie, number 69. (Transactions a mild inflammatory reaction in the of the 69th meeting of the Society conjunctiva of the inoculated eye only, at Brussels.) Paper covers, 158 which gradually disappeared after a pages, illustrated. Brussels, Imprifew days. After five weeks there was merie Medicale et Scientifique, no further change in the condition. Re 1934. Price not stated. sults in both cases—negative. In the This Bulletin contains the usual list third patient. . . . When last observed at the end of nine weeks there was still of members of the society, and twentyno evidence of trachoma in either eye." three articles and case reports (with In the last experiment the patient de discussions), abstracts of which will veloped a spontaneous Koch-Weeks appear in the abstract department of conjunctivitis in both eyes nineteen the American Journal of Ophthalmoldays after inoculation. This is of spe cial significance in view of the impres sion of some workers that trachoma supervenes only where there is second ary inflammation. CORRESPONDENCE Fresh attempts were made to isolate On pronunciation B. granulosis from tarsectomized tissue To the Editor: removed from 12 patients having active Celebrated ophthalmologists who trachoma, with negative results. Fur ther work on B. granulosis was then discuss with encyclopedic detail the available knowledge concerning chalaabandoned. Certain conclusions relative to the zion, chalcosis, or blepharochalasis will questions of a virus as agent in the pro often regularly mispronounce these duction of trachoma are considered. very words, and medical students who "The evidence against the elementary learn much about the pelvis may never granules of Prowazek as the cause of theless graduate without learning to Egyptian trachoma can be summed up pronounce correctly the name of the as follows: They are not present in the bone on whose tuberosity they sit. The confusion arises from the vary uncomplicated disease in man, they are absent or unrecognizable in the experi ing pronunciation of the digraph "ch" mental disease of monkeys. In filtrates, according to its derivation. In the granules resembling them are not in words cited above, the symbol is a fective." These researches were largely transliteration from Greek roots, and is done by Dr. Stewart following the pronounced "k," as in the ophthalmic terms chemosis, choroid, chiasm, chomethods of Olitsky and Tyler. Another interesting section, is that roma, or as in words of more general devoted to individual case reports. Two use, such as character, architect, chem beautiful illustrations of Onchocercia- istry, chromium, chorine, chiropody, sis of the macula are shown. The path chamomile, chalcedony, chalybeate. ological department presents an inter The "ch" from Italian roots, as in maraschino, is similarly pronounced. esting report. In words from the French the sound One notable feature is the rarity of tuberculosis; only thirty-one cases is "sh" as in chancre, charlatan, chauf have been found pathologically during feur, chivalry; while in words pro the past twenty-one years. Of these nounced in the Anglo-Saxon fashion, "ch" has the more familiar sound of thirteen were in the conjunctiva. A continuation of the work on the " t s h " as in chilblain. James E. Lebensohn. acute ophthalmias is reported.
47S
astigmatism; but does not overlook the general health of the child, nor the question of his needs after he has left school.. It may be obtained from the publication office, or in this country through the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, in New York City. Edward Jackson. Conserving the sight of school children. A Report of the Joint Committee on Health Problems in Education. Thomas D. Wood, M.D., Chair man. Paper, 53 pages, illustrated. New York, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, 1935. This is a new edition of a report first issued years ago; revised by Annette M. Phelan, Staff Association of the Na tional Society for the Prevention of Blindness. The committee which pre pared it was composed chiefly of edu cators, school health officers, and ad ministrators. It is of interest to ophthalmologists, chiefly as demonstrating the wide in terest that is felt in the sight of school children, by showing how educators think about the vital necessity of good vision for the pupil. I t suggests the thought that, while some ophthalmolo gists are actively interested in the pre vention of blindness, they have shown little general interest in the problem of securing for all children the best vision of which they are capable. Edward Jackson. Giza Memorial Ophthalmic Laboratory, Eighth Annual Report, 1933. Cairo, Schindler's Press, 1934. 168 pages, 9 plates, 37 figures, price 25 P.T. The report of 1933 follows the form of previous publications. I t contains many points of interest. Probably chief among these is that pertaining to the Research section, and of special value is the work referable to trachoma and B. granulosis. The laboratory was visited by Dr. P. K. Olitsky and Mr. J. R. Tyler from the Laboratories of the Rockefeller In stitute of Medical Research in New York. They worked for two months at
476
CORRESPONDENCE
Giza, during which time it was possible This volume is, like each of its pre to observe their technic with great de decessors, of great value. tail. Three volunteers free from tra Lawrence T. Post. choma were inoculated by fresh strains of B. granulosis isolated locally and supplied by Tyler. "In the first two Bulletin de la Societe Beige d'Ophtalcases the inoculation was followed by mologie, number 69. (Transactions a mild inflammatory reaction in the of the 69th meeting of the Society conjunctiva of the inoculated eye only, at Brussels.) Paper covers, 158 which gradually disappeared after a pages, illustrated. Brussels, Imprifew days. After five weeks there was merie Medicale et Scientifique, no further change in the condition. Re 1934. Price not stated. sults in both cases—negative. In the This Bulletin contains the usual list third patient. . . . When last observed at the end of nine weeks there was still of members of the society, and twentyno evidence of trachoma in either eye." three articles and case reports (with In the last experiment the patient de discussions), abstracts of which will veloped a spontaneous Koch-Weeks appear in the abstract department of conjunctivitis in both eyes nineteen the American Journal of Ophthalmoldays after inoculation. This is of spe cial significance in view of the impres sion of some workers that trachoma supervenes only where there is second ary inflammation. CORRESPONDENCE Fresh attempts were made to isolate On pronunciation B. granulosis from tarsectomized tissue To the Editor: removed from 12 patients having active Celebrated ophthalmologists who trachoma, with negative results. Fur ther work on B. granulosis was then discuss with encyclopedic detail the available knowledge concerning chalaabandoned. Certain conclusions relative to the zion, chalcosis, or blepharochalasis will questions of a virus as agent in the pro often regularly mispronounce these duction of trachoma are considered. very words, and medical students who "The evidence against the elementary learn much about the pelvis may never granules of Prowazek as the cause of theless graduate without learning to Egyptian trachoma can be summed up pronounce correctly the name of the as follows: They are not present in the bone on whose tuberosity they sit. The confusion arises from the vary uncomplicated disease in man, they are absent or unrecognizable in the experi ing pronunciation of the digraph "ch" mental disease of monkeys. In filtrates, according to its derivation. In the granules resembling them are not in words cited above, the symbol is a fective." These researches were largely transliteration from Greek roots, and is done by Dr. Stewart following the pronounced "k," as in the ophthalmic terms chemosis, choroid, chiasm, chomethods of Olitsky and Tyler. Another interesting section, is that roma, or as in words of more general devoted to individual case reports. Two use, such as character, architect, chem beautiful illustrations of Onchocercia- istry, chromium, chorine, chiropody, sis of the macula are shown. The path chamomile, chalcedony, chalybeate. ological department presents an inter The "ch" from Italian roots, as in maraschino, is similarly pronounced. esting report. In words from the French the sound One notable feature is the rarity of tuberculosis; only thirty-one cases is "sh" as in chancre, charlatan, chauf have been found pathologically during feur, chivalry; while in words pro the past twenty-one years. Of these nounced in the Anglo-Saxon fashion, "ch" has the more familiar sound of thirteen were in the conjunctiva. A continuation of the work on the " t s h " as in chilblain. James E. Lebensohn. acute ophthalmias is reported.