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Glycosaminoglycans in scar tissue
298
Glycosaminoglycans in scar tissue The chemical composition of granulation tissue taken from severely burned patients has been compared with the composition of hypertrophic scars, keloids, mature scars and normal skin. Granulation tissue has higher levels of chondroitin-4-sulphate relative to other glycosaminoglycans and compared with the low levels in mature scars and normal skin. In children the granulation tissue contained significantly higher levels of chondroitin-4-sulphate than in hypertrophic scars from children, whereas the content of chondroitin4sulphate in adult granulation tissue was very similar to that in adult hypertrophic scars. The dermatan sulphate levels in granulation tissue are significantly
Burns Vol. ~/NO.
4
lower than the dermatan sulphate levels in hypertrophic scars, mature scars or normal skin. As collagen matures and normal scars form, the levels of chondroitin-4-suphate decrease and the levels of dermatan sulphate increase. In contrast when hypertrophic scars develop, the chondroitin-4sulphate levels remain high and the dermatan sulphate levels increase but do not reach the levels of those in mature scar tissue. Hypertrophic and mature scars have relatively low concentrations of hyaluronic acid, granulation tissue has intermediate levels and normal skin has a high content. Shetlar M. R., Shetlar, C. L. and Kischer C. W. (1981) Glycosaminoglycans in granulation tissue and hypertrophic scars. Burns 8,21.
Recent References Ablin R. J. and Holder I. A. (I 98 1) Antibodies to basal cells. J. Invest. Dermatol. 76,523. Acres C. and Kraft E. R. (198 1) Organ transplantation: skin transplantation. Am. J. Nuts. 81, 1466. Aikawa N. (1981) Physiopathology ofshock associated with severe burns. Kango Gtjutsu 27,845. Aikawa N., Yamamoto S., Motegi M. et al. (1981) Clinical evaluation of ticarcillinin the treatment of skin and sot? tissue infection and infection in burns. Chemotherapy( Tokyo) 29,125. Akchurina G. Z., Vetyugov A. V., Kholmsky A. A. et al. (1981) Dermazin in combined treatment of cornea burns. Vestn. Oftalmol. (4) 29. Alexander J. W. (1981) Host defense mechanisms. J. Trauma 21,672. Alexander J. W. (I 98 1)Excisional therany. . _ J. Trauma 21,730. Alexander J. W., MacMillan B. G., Martel L. et al. (I 98 1) Surgical correction of post burn flexion contractures of the fingers in children. Plasf. Reconstr. Surg. 68,2 18.
Alexander N. M. and Nishimoto M. (1981) Protein linked iodotyrosines in serum after topical application of povidone iodine (Betadine). J. C/in. Endocrinol. Metab. 53, 105. Angela G. C., Tosco A., Giannone R. et al. (1981) Behaviour of complement factors and plasma proteins in burns. Arch. Sci. Med. (Torino) 138,63. Angela G. C., Pizza L., Lollini P. et al. (198 I) Aerobic bacterial flora in cutaneous lesions and in venous catheters of severely burned patients. Arch. Sci. Med. (Torino) 138,209. Anze M. (1981) Local treatment of severe burns. Kango Giju~su 27,86 1. Asko-Seliavaara S.. L6f M. and Sundell B. (I 98 I j The burned hand. Duodecim 97,70. . ’ Aveling W. and Vonarx D. P. (198 I) Oral burns and potential airway obstruction following the use of black copper cement. Anaesthesia 36,7 18.
Balogh D. and Bauer M. (198 1) Die Harnstoffproduktionsrate-ein Parameter des Katabolismus bei der Verbrennungskrankheit. Z. Plast. Chir. 5, 190. Bartelmann U., Wolf N., Engelhardt W. et al. (1981) The vascularized isolated groin flap in rats-a suitable tool for the study of burns. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 270, 159. Bartlett R. H. (1981) Skin substitutes. J. Trauma 21. 731.
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Baxter C. R. (1981) Guidelines for fluid resuscitation. J. Trauma 21,687. Bergmann H. (1981) Infusion therapyn in burns. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 131,213. Berky M. and Novak J. (I 980) Bilateral anterior tibia1 compartment svndrome following burn of the lower extremities. Magy. Traumatol. Orthop. 23,44. Bjomson A. B., Bjornson H. S. and Altemeier W. A. in alternative complement (1981) Reduction pathway mediated C, conversion following burn injury. Ann. Surg. 194,224. Blackburn G. (198 1) Protein metabolism and nutritional support. J. Trauma 21,707. Blattel R. A. (1981) How to prevent burns from an exploding battery. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 125,243. Boorman J. G., Carr S. and Kemble J. V. (1981) A clinical evaluation of the air fluidised bed in a general plastic surgery unit. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 34, 165. Buchan 1. A., Andrews J. K. and Lang S. M. (1981) Laboratory investigation of the composition and properties of pig skin wound exudate under Op-site. Burns 8,39.
Burke J. F. (198 I) Excisional therapy. J. Trauma 21, 670. Burke J. F. (1981) Resuscitative fluid composition. J. Trauma 21,692. Burke J. F. (1981) The sequence of events following smoke inhalation J. Trauma 21,72 1.
Glycosaminoglycans in scar tissue The chemical composition of granulation tissue taken from severely burned patients has been compared with the composition of hypertrophic scars, keloids, mature scars and normal skin. Granulation tissue has higher levels of chondroitin-4-sulphate relative to other glycosaminoglycans and compared with the low levels in mature scars and normal skin. In children the granulation tissue contained significantly higher levels of chondroitin-4-sulphate than in hypertrophic scars from children, whereas the content of chondroitin4sulphate in adult granulation tissue was very similar to that in adult hypertrophic scars. The dermatan sulphate levels in granulation tissue are significantly
Burns Vol. ~/NO.
4
lower than the dermatan sulphate levels in hypertrophic scars, mature scars or normal skin. As collagen matures and normal scars form, the levels of chondroitin-4-suphate decrease and the levels of dermatan sulphate increase. In contrast when hypertrophic scars develop, the chondroitin-4sulphate levels remain high and the dermatan sulphate levels increase but do not reach the levels of those in mature scar tissue. Hypertrophic and mature scars have relatively low concentrations of hyaluronic acid, granulation tissue has intermediate levels and normal skin has a high content. Shetlar M. R., Shetlar, C. L. and Kischer C. W. (1981) Glycosaminoglycans in granulation tissue and hypertrophic scars. Burns 8,21.
Recent References Ablin R. J. and Holder I. A. (I 98 1) Antibodies to basal cells. J. Invest. Dermatol. 76,523. Acres C. and Kraft E. R. (198 1) Organ transplantation: skin transplantation. Am. J. Nuts. 81, 1466. Aikawa N. (1981) Physiopathology ofshock associated with severe burns. Kango Gtjutsu 27,845. Aikawa N., Yamamoto S., Motegi M. et al. (1981) Clinical evaluation of ticarcillinin the treatment of skin and sot? tissue infection and infection in burns. Chemotherapy( Tokyo) 29,125. Akchurina G. Z., Vetyugov A. V., Kholmsky A. A. et al. (1981) Dermazin in combined treatment of cornea burns. Vestn. Oftalmol. (4) 29. Alexander J. W. (1981) Host defense mechanisms. J. Trauma 21,672. Alexander J. W. (I 98 1)Excisional therany. . _ J. Trauma 21,730. Alexander J. W., MacMillan B. G., Martel L. et al. (I 98 1) Surgical correction of post burn flexion contractures of the fingers in children. Plasf. Reconstr. Surg. 68,2 18.
Alexander N. M. and Nishimoto M. (1981) Protein linked iodotyrosines in serum after topical application of povidone iodine (Betadine). J. C/in. Endocrinol. Metab. 53, 105. Angela G. C., Tosco A., Giannone R. et al. (1981) Behaviour of complement factors and plasma proteins in burns. Arch. Sci. Med. (Torino) 138,63. Angela G. C., Pizza L., Lollini P. et al. (198 I) Aerobic bacterial flora in cutaneous lesions and in venous catheters of severely burned patients. Arch. Sci. Med. (Torino) 138,209. Anze M. (1981) Local treatment of severe burns. Kango Giju~su 27,86 1. Asko-Seliavaara S.. L6f M. and Sundell B. (I 98 I j The burned hand. Duodecim 97,70. . ’ Aveling W. and Vonarx D. P. (198 I) Oral burns and potential airway obstruction following the use of black copper cement. Anaesthesia 36,7 18.
Balogh D. and Bauer M. (198 1) Die Harnstoffproduktionsrate-ein Parameter des Katabolismus bei der Verbrennungskrankheit. Z. Plast. Chir. 5, 190. Bartelmann U., Wolf N., Engelhardt W. et al. (1981) The vascularized isolated groin flap in rats-a suitable tool for the study of burns. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 270, 159. Bartlett R. H. (1981) Skin substitutes. J. Trauma 21. 731.
.
’
Baxter C. R. (1981) Guidelines for fluid resuscitation. J. Trauma 21,687. Bergmann H. (1981) Infusion therapyn in burns. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 131,213. Berky M. and Novak J. (I 980) Bilateral anterior tibia1 compartment svndrome following burn of the lower extremities. Magy. Traumatol. Orthop. 23,44. Bjomson A. B., Bjornson H. S. and Altemeier W. A. in alternative complement (1981) Reduction pathway mediated C, conversion following burn injury. Ann. Surg. 194,224. Blackburn G. (198 1) Protein metabolism and nutritional support. J. Trauma 21,707. Blattel R. A. (1981) How to prevent burns from an exploding battery. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 125,243. Boorman J. G., Carr S. and Kemble J. V. (1981) A clinical evaluation of the air fluidised bed in a general plastic surgery unit. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 34, 165. Buchan 1. A., Andrews J. K. and Lang S. M. (1981) Laboratory investigation of the composition and properties of pig skin wound exudate under Op-site. Burns 8,39.
Burke J. F. (198 I) Excisional therapy. J. Trauma 21, 670. Burke J. F. (1981) Resuscitative fluid composition. J. Trauma 21,692. Burke J. F. (1981) The sequence of events following smoke inhalation J. Trauma 21,72 1.