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Graduates of foreign dermatology residencies in academic dermatology
P943 Long-term follow-up of subjects with increased antibody response following glymatrix collagen use for facial wrinkles Stacy Smith, MD, Therapeutics Clinical Research, San Diego, CA, United States; Rhoda Narins, MD, Dermatology Surgery and Laser Center of NY, White Plains, NY, United States; Gary Monheit, MD, Director, Total Skin and Beauty Dermatology Center, Birmingham, AL, United States; Z. Paul Lorenc, MD, The Lorenc Clinic, New York, NY, United States The 6-month interim results of a 12-month persistency evaluation of Glymatrix collagen for the correction of facial wrinkles demonstrated noninferiority to Hyaluronic acid (primary endpoint) with lower frequency of some of the most common adverse events associated with dermal fillers (eg, bleeding, bruising, swelling, and erythema). In subjects with an increase in antiporcine antibodies (IgG) following dermal exposure to a new Glymatrix type 1 porcine collagen at 6 months were evaluated further at 12 months. In addition to a complete physical, dermal skin testing, standard hematology and chemistry tests, blood samples for collagen antibodies (Abs) titer determination were collected for further analysis at 6-month post-OCR. Serum from 10 ml to 12 ml of whole blood was distributed into 3 aliquots with at least 0.5 ml of serum in each tube and frozen at 24(66)8C/11(611)8F. Antibody analyses were performed by the laboratories at SGS CEPHAC Europe using an established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera were measured for IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE antibodies against porcine type 1 collagen and were categorized by reactivity: negative (titer \ 1:20); borderline (titer ¼ 1:40 or 1:80); or positive (titer [ 1:160). Those sera that were found to be positive was further titrated in 2-fold dilutions to a final dilution of 1:2560 to determine levels of reaction. Sera were obtained from 149 subjects before exposure to Glymatrix collagen at the start of the study (visit 1 or enrollment) and from 148 subjects at visit 6 (OCR visit) and at visit 8 (6 months post-OCR). Sera were also collected at 12 months from those subjects who had an increased antiporcine antibody response at visit 8. At 6 months, the majority of subjects had negative IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE titers against porcine type 1 collagen while seventeen previously positive subjects remained positive for IgG antibodies to porcine collagen at this time. Data do not indicate a significant development of any individual antibody against porcine collagen after exposure to the Glymatrix collagen. No significant clinical reactions that could be interpreted as hypersensitivity reactions were reported in these individuals. We conclude that in subjects who received injections of Glymatrix type 1 porcine collagen for the correction of facial wrinkles, antibody production proved to be highly variable and unpredictable. In addition, a positive antibody response was not correlated with either severity of adverse events or with a risk of hypersensitivity.
EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY SERVICE P1100 Graduates of foreign dermatology residencies in academic dermatology Kristy Davis, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Jashin Wu, MD, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Stephen Tyring, MD, PhD, MBA, University of Texas Health Center, Houston, Houston, TX, United States Background: The number of graduates of foreign dermatology residencies (GFDR) who take full-time academic dermatology positions at US institutions is currently unknown. However, it is likely that a higher proportion of GFDRs enter academics and practice medical dermatology, because there may be less emphasis on cosmetics in their home countries. Methods: The educational background of all full-time faculty members of the 107 US dermatology residency programs that were active as of December 2004 were determined through extensive Internet searches, telephone, and e-mail correspondence with residency coordinators and faculty members. Pure PhDs, physicians who did not complete a dermatology residency program at an allopathic school, PharmDs, DDSs, and FNPs were excluded. The University of Puerto Rico was not considered a foreign residency program. Results: At the end on 2004, there were 988 full-time dermatology faculty members in the US, 813 of which met our inclusion criteria. GFDRs accounted for 3.7% of fulltime academic dermatologists. Only one program, Johns Hopkins University, had a GFDR serving as the department chair. Programs with the highest numbers of GFDRs as full-time faculty were Boston University/Tufts University (5); Johns Hopkins University (4); Case Western Reserve (3); and University of California, San Francisco (3). Programs with the highest percentage of GFDRs as full-time faculty were State University of New York at Buffalo (50%); Boston University/Tufts University (21.8%); and University of Oklahoma (20%). The most represented foreign dermatology residencies with their graduates serving as full-time faculty at US dermatology residency programs were McGill University (8); University of Toronto (2); and University of Wurzberg, Germany (2). Conclusions: GFDRs comprise of a significant proportion of full-time faculty members at US ermatology residency programs and are an important source of physicianescientists in academic dermatology. Commercial support: None identified.
Support provided by ColBar LifeSciences, Ltd. a member of the Johnson & Johnson Group of Consumer Companies.
DIGITAL/ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY P1000
P1101
Chromophore mapping of hemoglobin for the assessment of axillary irritation: Comparison of over the counter and prescription antiperspirants Lola Kelly Smalls, PhD, MBA, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Laurie Elstun, MS, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Paula Hartwig, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States
Female dermatologists in academic dermatology Kristy Davis, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Jashin Wu, MD, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Stephen Tyring, MD, PhD, MBA, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Houston, TX, United States Background: The growing shortage of academic dermatologists in the United States threatens the future of innovation and leadership in the field of dermatology. In order to correct this downward trend, it is essential to identify characteristics that are associated with dermatology residents entering the field of academic dermatology. We examined the role of gender in the decision to pursue academic dermatology.
Background: Prescription antiperspirant (AP) products are widely known to induce irritation (erythema, stinging, and burning) because of the highly acidic nature of the AP active in vehicles that are not optimized to buffer the skin reactions. This axillary skin irritation limits patient compliance, thus impeding product efficacy. Previously, we shared data from two well controlled clinical studies that established the prescription strength AP efficacy for an OTC AP. This prescription strength OTC AP was formulated to be gentle to the skin by delivering skin-soothing benefits via petrolatum and dimethicone. In these clinical studies, we explore the utility of noncontact SIAScopy (spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis), an image analysis method that maps skin chromophores (hemoglobin, eumelanin, and dermal collagen), to examine the regional distribution and concentration of hemoglobin in axillary skin treated with a mild OTC AP and an irritating prescription AP. Objective: Evaluate the utility of noncontact SIAscopy for the assessment of axillary irritation via chromophore mapping of hemoglobin with comparison to expert clinical and subject perceived irritation in axillary skin treated with a mild prescription strength wetness protection OTC AP and an irritating prescription AP. Method: A well-controlled, randomized, and blinded paired comparison clinical study was conducted to evaluate axillary irritation and AP efficacy of a prescription AP containing aluminum chloride versus an OTC anhydrous, aluminum trichlorohydrex GLY AP. The study was conducted over 7 days, with treatments applied once per day in the evening. Study measurements: High resolution image capture for subsequent noncontact SIAscopy evaluation, AP efficacy, expert irritation scoring, and subject self-reported symptoms. The data were assessed using mixed models. Results: Noncontact chromophore mapping of hemoglobin indicated that there was significantly (P \.05) more irritation for the prescription AP as compared to slight to no irritation for the OTC AP. These data were consistent with significant findings (P \ .05) for expert clinical visual scores and subject self-perceived symptoms. Subject perception data indicated that the irritation often felt like stinging/burning. These data demonstrate that noncontact chromophore mapping via SIAscopy is an effective tool for the assessment of axillary irritation and is consistent with expert clinical irritation assessments. 100% sponsored by Procter & Gamble.
FEBRUARY 2008
Methods: The educational background and gender of all full-time faculty members of the 107 US dermatology residency programs that were active as of December 2004 were determined through extensive Internet searches, telephone, and e-mail correspondence with residency coordinators and faculty members. Pure PhDs, physicians who did not complete a dermatology residency program at an allopathic school, PharmDs, DDSs, and FNPs were excluded. Results: At the end on 2004, there were 988 full-time dermatology faculty members in the United States, 813 of which met our inclusion criteria. Females accounted for 44.42% of academic dermatologists and 15.9% of dermatology chairs/chiefs. Women accounted for roughly half of academic dermatologists, which was equivalent to the percentage of females graduating from dermatology residency during the period. The programs with the highest number of women as full-time dermatology faculty were Boston University/Tufts University (11), University of Texas, Houston (10), University Health Center of Pittsburgh (10), Mayo Clinic in Rochester (9), New York University (9), University of California, San Francisco (9), and University of Colorado (8). The programs with the highest percentage of women serving as full-time dermatology faculty were George Washington University (100), Georgetown University (100), UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson, New Brunswick (100), Howard University (67), University of Missouri-Columbia (67), Medical College of Virginia (67), and University of Texas, Houston (63). Conclusions: In 1975, women accounted for 10.4% of the academic dermatology faculty, and in 1994 this number more than doubled to 25%. In just 10 years, as measured in our 2004 study, the percentage has nearly doubled again. This new data suggests that women are as likely as their male colleagues to pursue academic dermatology. However, the percentage of female chairs/chiefs has not risen accordingly. Commercial support: None identified.
J AM ACAD DERMATOL
AB73
EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY SERVICE P1100 Graduates of foreign dermatology residencies in academic dermatology Kristy Davis, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Jashin Wu, MD, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Stephen Tyring, MD, PhD, MBA, University of Texas Health Center, Houston, Houston, TX, United States Background: The number of graduates of foreign dermatology residencies (GFDR) who take full-time academic dermatology positions at US institutions is currently unknown. However, it is likely that a higher proportion of GFDRs enter academics and practice medical dermatology, because there may be less emphasis on cosmetics in their home countries. Methods: The educational background of all full-time faculty members of the 107 US dermatology residency programs that were active as of December 2004 were determined through extensive Internet searches, telephone, and e-mail correspondence with residency coordinators and faculty members. Pure PhDs, physicians who did not complete a dermatology residency program at an allopathic school, PharmDs, DDSs, and FNPs were excluded. The University of Puerto Rico was not considered a foreign residency program. Results: At the end on 2004, there were 988 full-time dermatology faculty members in the US, 813 of which met our inclusion criteria. GFDRs accounted for 3.7% of fulltime academic dermatologists. Only one program, Johns Hopkins University, had a GFDR serving as the department chair. Programs with the highest numbers of GFDRs as full-time faculty were Boston University/Tufts University (5); Johns Hopkins University (4); Case Western Reserve (3); and University of California, San Francisco (3). Programs with the highest percentage of GFDRs as full-time faculty were State University of New York at Buffalo (50%); Boston University/Tufts University (21.8%); and University of Oklahoma (20%). The most represented foreign dermatology residencies with their graduates serving as full-time faculty at US dermatology residency programs were McGill University (8); University of Toronto (2); and University of Wurzberg, Germany (2). Conclusions: GFDRs comprise of a significant proportion of full-time faculty members at US ermatology residency programs and are an important source of physicianescientists in academic dermatology. Commercial support: None identified.
Support provided by ColBar LifeSciences, Ltd. a member of the Johnson & Johnson Group of Consumer Companies.
DIGITAL/ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY P1000
P1101
Chromophore mapping of hemoglobin for the assessment of axillary irritation: Comparison of over the counter and prescription antiperspirants Lola Kelly Smalls, PhD, MBA, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Laurie Elstun, MS, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Paula Hartwig, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, United States
Female dermatologists in academic dermatology Kristy Davis, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Jashin Wu, MD, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Stephen Tyring, MD, PhD, MBA, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Houston, TX, United States Background: The growing shortage of academic dermatologists in the United States threatens the future of innovation and leadership in the field of dermatology. In order to correct this downward trend, it is essential to identify characteristics that are associated with dermatology residents entering the field of academic dermatology. We examined the role of gender in the decision to pursue academic dermatology.
Background: Prescription antiperspirant (AP) products are widely known to induce irritation (erythema, stinging, and burning) because of the highly acidic nature of the AP active in vehicles that are not optimized to buffer the skin reactions. This axillary skin irritation limits patient compliance, thus impeding product efficacy. Previously, we shared data from two well controlled clinical studies that established the prescription strength AP efficacy for an OTC AP. This prescription strength OTC AP was formulated to be gentle to the skin by delivering skin-soothing benefits via petrolatum and dimethicone. In these clinical studies, we explore the utility of noncontact SIAScopy (spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis), an image analysis method that maps skin chromophores (hemoglobin, eumelanin, and dermal collagen), to examine the regional distribution and concentration of hemoglobin in axillary skin treated with a mild OTC AP and an irritating prescription AP. Objective: Evaluate the utility of noncontact SIAscopy for the assessment of axillary irritation via chromophore mapping of hemoglobin with comparison to expert clinical and subject perceived irritation in axillary skin treated with a mild prescription strength wetness protection OTC AP and an irritating prescription AP. Method: A well-controlled, randomized, and blinded paired comparison clinical study was conducted to evaluate axillary irritation and AP efficacy of a prescription AP containing aluminum chloride versus an OTC anhydrous, aluminum trichlorohydrex GLY AP. The study was conducted over 7 days, with treatments applied once per day in the evening. Study measurements: High resolution image capture for subsequent noncontact SIAscopy evaluation, AP efficacy, expert irritation scoring, and subject self-reported symptoms. The data were assessed using mixed models. Results: Noncontact chromophore mapping of hemoglobin indicated that there was significantly (P \.05) more irritation for the prescription AP as compared to slight to no irritation for the OTC AP. These data were consistent with significant findings (P \ .05) for expert clinical visual scores and subject self-perceived symptoms. Subject perception data indicated that the irritation often felt like stinging/burning. These data demonstrate that noncontact chromophore mapping via SIAscopy is an effective tool for the assessment of axillary irritation and is consistent with expert clinical irritation assessments. 100% sponsored by Procter & Gamble.
FEBRUARY 2008
Methods: The educational background and gender of all full-time faculty members of the 107 US dermatology residency programs that were active as of December 2004 were determined through extensive Internet searches, telephone, and e-mail correspondence with residency coordinators and faculty members. Pure PhDs, physicians who did not complete a dermatology residency program at an allopathic school, PharmDs, DDSs, and FNPs were excluded. Results: At the end on 2004, there were 988 full-time dermatology faculty members in the United States, 813 of which met our inclusion criteria. Females accounted for 44.42% of academic dermatologists and 15.9% of dermatology chairs/chiefs. Women accounted for roughly half of academic dermatologists, which was equivalent to the percentage of females graduating from dermatology residency during the period. The programs with the highest number of women as full-time dermatology faculty were Boston University/Tufts University (11), University of Texas, Houston (10), University Health Center of Pittsburgh (10), Mayo Clinic in Rochester (9), New York University (9), University of California, San Francisco (9), and University of Colorado (8). The programs with the highest percentage of women serving as full-time dermatology faculty were George Washington University (100), Georgetown University (100), UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson, New Brunswick (100), Howard University (67), University of Missouri-Columbia (67), Medical College of Virginia (67), and University of Texas, Houston (63). Conclusions: In 1975, women accounted for 10.4% of the academic dermatology faculty, and in 1994 this number more than doubled to 25%. In just 10 years, as measured in our 2004 study, the percentage has nearly doubled again. This new data suggests that women are as likely as their male colleagues to pursue academic dermatology. However, the percentage of female chairs/chiefs has not risen accordingly. Commercial support: None identified.
J AM ACAD DERMATOL
AB73