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Ground subsidence associated with machine tunnelling in fluvio-deltaic sediments (in 2 parts)
29A
On the basis of Kratzsch's graphical method, which allows f ~ relative movement between the shaft and the surroumdlng groumd~ shaft deformation can be calculatad by the finite element method using a computer.
Surface subsidence and caving 802114 POLING PILE HOOD PRO~CTS BUILDING AGAINST ~ N T Tl~dle, A TUnn Tunnlg, VII, Ng, November 1979, P3~-37 Reports the use of a parabolic arch of ll poling piles to l~otect a i00 years old building against settlement durlr~ excavation of an escalatc~ shaft for the Tyne and wear Metro. 8Onl~ GROUN~ SUBSZDE~CE ASSCCZATED WZTH MASH'ZNE TUNm:U~ZNG ZN ~LUV'ZO-DE~TAZC SEDn~EnS (ZN 2 PARTS) MOrton, J D; Dodds, R B Tu_nn Tumalg, VII, N8, OCt 1979, P13-17 (Part i), VII, N9, Nov 1979, P23-28 (Part 2) Describes a sewer t~umael of circular crosssection through fluvlo-deltaic sediments in the city of T h u n d ~ Bay, Ontario, and discusses ground and groundwater responses to full face tunnelling. Describes the monitoring ~rogra~nes set up after troublesome groumd settlements had occurred, in o~der to examine the effectiveness of the various mlni~g methods used, amd presents some ~f the data obtained.
802116 ~ T s
~ THE E n ~ OF ~ m ON THE FO~ATZON OF ~ C E TROUGHS AND ON ~ m~ESS C O ~ T I O N S (IN G ~ N ) Pflaglng, K; Lautsch, H Gluckauf-forschu~gsh, V39, ~6, Dec 1978, P247251 Changes in mining methods mean that some theories on surface damage ~ longer hold, mainly because of high rates of advance and the use of caving. The development of surface deformations above workings in German coalfields is discussed.
Temporary and permanent supports 802117 REINFORCED S ~ T
TO GIVE EXTRA STRENGTH TO ROADWAY SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN THE CASE OF UNDERLYING WOm(INGS (IN G ~ ) Talmarm, H; E~ahe, J Gluckauf, Vll4, N21, 2 Nov 1978, P941-945 Reports a case study at Gneisenau, West German. The construction of a reinforced supporting shell, and the Infilllr~ of any cavities ranalnIng bahlnd the original roadway supports, produced a support resistance which was high enough to allow working t ~ r a cross-cut without damaging the latter.
802118 C O ~ N ! ~ P ~ y POWERED SUPPORTS FOR LONGWALL MINING (IN GERMAN AND ENGLISH) Irresbergar, H Gluckauf, VII4, NI8, 21 sept 1978, P801-806 (E~glish version, P387-392)
802119 C ~ m ~ I O N
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C0~n~
~m~ns
I~
Marcia, J; Wypchol, N Gluckauf-f~schur~sh, V39, NS, Oct 1978, P186192 Consld~s the application of the New Austrian Tumnellimg Method to mining in unstable rock. Immediately after driving the roadway, anchors are used to control d~ormation. Further support is then glvens applying a thin concrete lining by shotcreting. Su!spQrt loadimgs are c~lculated and it is shown that the suppc~t capacity would have to be 50 per cent greater without the use of armhor s. 802120 APPROXIMATE TIME-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF TUNNEL SUI~RT STRUCTURE CONSIDERING PROGRESS OF TUNNEL FACE Sskural, S Int J Nt~n Anal Meth Geomech, V2, N2, AprilJUne 1978, P159-175 Presents a method which takes into account the 3-dimenslonal effects of the tunnel face ~rogression in 2-dimensional plane strain analyses. The concept of 'equivalent initial stress' is introduced. EqUations are derived for calculating the ~ressure on the tunnel support structure. Allcwamce is made for non-h~nog~neity (i.e. soft and hard rock layers). 802121 '0LIMPIA' ~ N N E L ON THE AUTOSTRADA DEI TRAFORI: CONSOLIDATION UNDER DIFFICULT CONDTIONS Padovanl, G; pigorini, B Proc International Tunnel Symposium, Tokyo, 1978, P15-21. Publ Oxford: Pergamon Press,
1979 Reports the use of large piles to support the roof lining and mlcropiles arramged in an Inverted V and in parallel as ground reinforcement above the tunnel excavationj to cour~eract severe cavimg that occurred in the portal zone. Tunnelling at this stage was through silts and clays of poor mechanical properties. 802122 T U N ~ SUPPORT AGAINST INCREASING EARTH FRESSURE Mur ayamaj S Proc International Tunnel Symposium, Tokyoj 1978, P89-96. Publ Oxford: pergamon Press, 1979 Reports the use of steel pipe supports which can be reinforced after erection by filling with cement. Discusses the In situ measurement of earth l~essure on a support, design of the pipe support and its application in swelling groumd, thearetlcal analysis of tlme-dependent earth pressure caused by stress relaxation. 802123 MINING WI~H BACKFILL. PROC 12TH CANADIAN ROCK MECHANICS SYMI~SIUM, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, MAY 1978 CIM Special V o l ~ 19. Publ Montreal: Canadian Institute of Mimlng and Metallurgy, 1978, 150P Comprises 20 papers in two sessions, .the first deall~g with state-of-the art reviews of current Canadian ~actice, and the second relatir~ to research and innovation. Selected papers are abstracted in this issue.
On the basis of Kratzsch's graphical method, which allows f ~ relative movement between the shaft and the surroumdlng groumd~ shaft deformation can be calculatad by the finite element method using a computer.
Surface subsidence and caving 802114 POLING PILE HOOD PRO~CTS BUILDING AGAINST ~ N T Tl~dle, A TUnn Tunnlg, VII, Ng, November 1979, P3~-37 Reports the use of a parabolic arch of ll poling piles to l~otect a i00 years old building against settlement durlr~ excavation of an escalatc~ shaft for the Tyne and wear Metro. 8Onl~ GROUN~ SUBSZDE~CE ASSCCZATED WZTH MASH'ZNE TUNm:U~ZNG ZN ~LUV'ZO-DE~TAZC SEDn~EnS (ZN 2 PARTS) MOrton, J D; Dodds, R B Tu_nn Tumalg, VII, N8, OCt 1979, P13-17 (Part i), VII, N9, Nov 1979, P23-28 (Part 2) Describes a sewer t~umael of circular crosssection through fluvlo-deltaic sediments in the city of T h u n d ~ Bay, Ontario, and discusses ground and groundwater responses to full face tunnelling. Describes the monitoring ~rogra~nes set up after troublesome groumd settlements had occurred, in o~der to examine the effectiveness of the various mlni~g methods used, amd presents some ~f the data obtained.
802116 ~ T s
~ THE E n ~ OF ~ m ON THE FO~ATZON OF ~ C E TROUGHS AND ON ~ m~ESS C O ~ T I O N S (IN G ~ N ) Pflaglng, K; Lautsch, H Gluckauf-forschu~gsh, V39, ~6, Dec 1978, P247251 Changes in mining methods mean that some theories on surface damage ~ longer hold, mainly because of high rates of advance and the use of caving. The development of surface deformations above workings in German coalfields is discussed.
Temporary and permanent supports 802117 REINFORCED S ~ T
TO GIVE EXTRA STRENGTH TO ROADWAY SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN THE CASE OF UNDERLYING WOm(INGS (IN G ~ ) Talmarm, H; E~ahe, J Gluckauf, Vll4, N21, 2 Nov 1978, P941-945 Reports a case study at Gneisenau, West German. The construction of a reinforced supporting shell, and the Infilllr~ of any cavities ranalnIng bahlnd the original roadway supports, produced a support resistance which was high enough to allow working t ~ r a cross-cut without damaging the latter.
802118 C O ~ N ! ~ P ~ y POWERED SUPPORTS FOR LONGWALL MINING (IN GERMAN AND ENGLISH) Irresbergar, H Gluckauf, VII4, NI8, 21 sept 1978, P801-806 (E~glish version, P387-392)
802119 C ~ m ~ I O N
~
~-W~
C0~n~
~m~ns
I~
Marcia, J; Wypchol, N Gluckauf-f~schur~sh, V39, NS, Oct 1978, P186192 Consld~s the application of the New Austrian Tumnellimg Method to mining in unstable rock. Immediately after driving the roadway, anchors are used to control d~ormation. Further support is then glvens applying a thin concrete lining by shotcreting. Su!spQrt loadimgs are c~lculated and it is shown that the suppc~t capacity would have to be 50 per cent greater without the use of armhor s. 802120 APPROXIMATE TIME-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF TUNNEL SUI~RT STRUCTURE CONSIDERING PROGRESS OF TUNNEL FACE Sskural, S Int J Nt~n Anal Meth Geomech, V2, N2, AprilJUne 1978, P159-175 Presents a method which takes into account the 3-dimenslonal effects of the tunnel face ~rogression in 2-dimensional plane strain analyses. The concept of 'equivalent initial stress' is introduced. EqUations are derived for calculating the ~ressure on the tunnel support structure. Allcwamce is made for non-h~nog~neity (i.e. soft and hard rock layers). 802121 '0LIMPIA' ~ N N E L ON THE AUTOSTRADA DEI TRAFORI: CONSOLIDATION UNDER DIFFICULT CONDTIONS Padovanl, G; pigorini, B Proc International Tunnel Symposium, Tokyo, 1978, P15-21. Publ Oxford: Pergamon Press,
1979 Reports the use of large piles to support the roof lining and mlcropiles arramged in an Inverted V and in parallel as ground reinforcement above the tunnel excavationj to cour~eract severe cavimg that occurred in the portal zone. Tunnelling at this stage was through silts and clays of poor mechanical properties. 802122 T U N ~ SUPPORT AGAINST INCREASING EARTH FRESSURE Mur ayamaj S Proc International Tunnel Symposium, Tokyoj 1978, P89-96. Publ Oxford: pergamon Press, 1979 Reports the use of steel pipe supports which can be reinforced after erection by filling with cement. Discusses the In situ measurement of earth l~essure on a support, design of the pipe support and its application in swelling groumd, thearetlcal analysis of tlme-dependent earth pressure caused by stress relaxation. 802123 MINING WI~H BACKFILL. PROC 12TH CANADIAN ROCK MECHANICS SYMI~SIUM, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, MAY 1978 CIM Special V o l ~ 19. Publ Montreal: Canadian Institute of Mimlng and Metallurgy, 1978, 150P Comprises 20 papers in two sessions, .the first deall~g with state-of-the art reviews of current Canadian ~actice, and the second relatir~ to research and innovation. Selected papers are abstracted in this issue.