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Groundwater quality degradation as a result of overpumping in the delta Wadi El-Arish area, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt
HYDRGGEOLOGY:GROUNDWATER
Frost action, permafrost and frozen ground 956847 Comparison of predicted and observed responses of pipeline to differential frost heave B. Rajani & N. Morgenstern, Canadian Geotechnicol Journul, 31(6), 1994, pp 803-816. This paper describes the application of a simplified Winkler model to simulate the observed time-dependent responses of a pipeline at Caen, France, subjected to differential frost heave. The numerical Winkler model developed for a semi-infinite beam embedded in a creeping medium was used to evaluate the response. The Winkler model is able to predict the overall response of deflections and stresses which compares satisfactorily with observed data. In a previous study, the same Winkler analysis was applied and satisfactory comparisons between the predicted and observed responses were obtained. Consequently, the analyses presented in this paper serve to reconfirm that the Winkler model can also be applied to analyze large-diameter pipelines subjected to differential frost heave. (Authors) 956048 FEM assessment of large-strain thaw consolidation A. Foriero t B. Iadanyi, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - AXE, 121(2), 1995, pp 126-138. Finite-element simulations using a large-strain thaw-consoiidation model are presented and compared with the data obtained from a warm-oil test pipeline at Inuvik, Northwest Territory, Canada. Nondimensional design charts generated by the method are used to predict thaw-consolidation settlements. A good agreement is found between observed and predicted settlement values. (from Authors) 956849 Measurement of ice wall displacement in a deep shaft (in Chinese) Li Gongxhou, Journal - China Coal Society, 20(l), 1995, pp 99-104. Taking the measured data of convergence of ice walls in the main and auxiliary shafts in Chensilou Mine as example, the changes of radial displacement of the ice wall with time and the characteristics of convergence of ice wall in different types of soil layers is described. A method for controlling the radial displacement of an ice wall in a deep, frozen shaft is proposed. It takes into consideration both the measured data of ice wall movement and the measured data of temperature field of ice wall and points out that the important measure for control of displacement of ice wall and rupture of freeze tubes is to increase the effective thickness and strength of the ice wall. (English summary)
HYDROGEOLOGY General 956050 Hydrogeology of Jurassic and Triassic wetlands in tbe Colorado Plateau and the origin of tabular sandstone uranium deposits R. F. Sanford, US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1548, 1994,40 pp. During parts of the Jurassic and Triassic Periods, lacustrine sediments were deposited in the area Colorado Plateau, and tabular sandstone uranium formed at a density-stratified ground-water interface
fluvialof the deposits in areas
251A
of regional ground-water discharge. Tabular sandstone uranium deposits formed where topographic controls favored mixed local and regional discharge. Transient, depressionfocused recharge of human-acid-bearing ground water at wetlands in paleotopographic depressions may have provided a mechanism for downward and downdip transport of humic acid that precipitated at a subhorixontal, density-stabilized interface between relatively fresh, shallow ground water and discharging, saline regional flow. Uranium was precipitated during and after humate precipitation (Author) 956051 Hydrologeology and bydrogeocbemistry of a asnaB, bardrock island - the heavily stressed aquifer of Jersey N. S. Robins 8c P. L. Smedley, Journal of Hydrology, 163(34), 1994, pp 249-269. The fractured basement aquifer of Jersey provides 30% of the total water needs of the island plus baseflow to surface catchment storage. A 3-year field study has attempted to describe the groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality. It is estimated that much of the renewable resource is exploited. Groundwaters are predominantly derived from recent recharge, most being oxidising with measurable tritium contents. There is widespread pollution from agricuRural nutrients but natural denitritlcation is apparent in some areas. (from Authors) 956052 Groundwater quality degradation as a result of overpumping in the delta Wadf El-Arisb area, Sinai Penfnsula, Egypt M. A. El-Bihery & T. E. La&mar, Environmental Geology, 24(4), 1994, pp 293-305. This study focuses on the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Quatemary aquifer in the delta Wadi El-Arish area and on the impacts pumping has had on groundwater quality. The objectives were to determine the relationships between groundwater pumping and water levels and water quality, to estimate the hydraulic parameters of the Quaternary aquifer, and to determine the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the aquifer and its suitability for irrigation. (from Authors)
Groundwater 956053 The role of stress release fracturing in the development of cavernoas porosity in carbonate aquifers I. D. Sasowsky & W. B. White, Water Resources Research, 30(12), 1994, pp 3523-3530. Stress relief fracturing provides the large mechanical apertures needed for the development of conduit porosity in carbonate aquifers. Examination of valleys incised into Mississippian age limestones throughout the Appalachian plateaus has demonstrated a consistent pattern taken in the development of conduits in these settings. The recognition that these conduits form along geologically young fracture systems of increased aperture is a departure from previous theories of cave origin. Prior theories have either explicitly or implicitly assumed that caves develop along joints and fractures of significant geologic age, related more to regional tectonic forces than to present-day topographic inIIuences. (from Authors) 956054 Ground water behaviour in karst: example of tbe Ombla Spring (Croatia) 0. Bonacci, Journal of Hydrology, 165(1-4), 1995, pp 113134.
Frost action, permafrost and frozen ground 956847 Comparison of predicted and observed responses of pipeline to differential frost heave B. Rajani & N. Morgenstern, Canadian Geotechnicol Journul, 31(6), 1994, pp 803-816. This paper describes the application of a simplified Winkler model to simulate the observed time-dependent responses of a pipeline at Caen, France, subjected to differential frost heave. The numerical Winkler model developed for a semi-infinite beam embedded in a creeping medium was used to evaluate the response. The Winkler model is able to predict the overall response of deflections and stresses which compares satisfactorily with observed data. In a previous study, the same Winkler analysis was applied and satisfactory comparisons between the predicted and observed responses were obtained. Consequently, the analyses presented in this paper serve to reconfirm that the Winkler model can also be applied to analyze large-diameter pipelines subjected to differential frost heave. (Authors) 956048 FEM assessment of large-strain thaw consolidation A. Foriero t B. Iadanyi, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - AXE, 121(2), 1995, pp 126-138. Finite-element simulations using a large-strain thaw-consoiidation model are presented and compared with the data obtained from a warm-oil test pipeline at Inuvik, Northwest Territory, Canada. Nondimensional design charts generated by the method are used to predict thaw-consolidation settlements. A good agreement is found between observed and predicted settlement values. (from Authors) 956849 Measurement of ice wall displacement in a deep shaft (in Chinese) Li Gongxhou, Journal - China Coal Society, 20(l), 1995, pp 99-104. Taking the measured data of convergence of ice walls in the main and auxiliary shafts in Chensilou Mine as example, the changes of radial displacement of the ice wall with time and the characteristics of convergence of ice wall in different types of soil layers is described. A method for controlling the radial displacement of an ice wall in a deep, frozen shaft is proposed. It takes into consideration both the measured data of ice wall movement and the measured data of temperature field of ice wall and points out that the important measure for control of displacement of ice wall and rupture of freeze tubes is to increase the effective thickness and strength of the ice wall. (English summary)
HYDROGEOLOGY General 956050 Hydrogeology of Jurassic and Triassic wetlands in tbe Colorado Plateau and the origin of tabular sandstone uranium deposits R. F. Sanford, US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1548, 1994,40 pp. During parts of the Jurassic and Triassic Periods, lacustrine sediments were deposited in the area Colorado Plateau, and tabular sandstone uranium formed at a density-stratified ground-water interface
fluvialof the deposits in areas
251A
of regional ground-water discharge. Tabular sandstone uranium deposits formed where topographic controls favored mixed local and regional discharge. Transient, depressionfocused recharge of human-acid-bearing ground water at wetlands in paleotopographic depressions may have provided a mechanism for downward and downdip transport of humic acid that precipitated at a subhorixontal, density-stabilized interface between relatively fresh, shallow ground water and discharging, saline regional flow. Uranium was precipitated during and after humate precipitation (Author) 956051 Hydrologeology and bydrogeocbemistry of a asnaB, bardrock island - the heavily stressed aquifer of Jersey N. S. Robins 8c P. L. Smedley, Journal of Hydrology, 163(34), 1994, pp 249-269. The fractured basement aquifer of Jersey provides 30% of the total water needs of the island plus baseflow to surface catchment storage. A 3-year field study has attempted to describe the groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality. It is estimated that much of the renewable resource is exploited. Groundwaters are predominantly derived from recent recharge, most being oxidising with measurable tritium contents. There is widespread pollution from agricuRural nutrients but natural denitritlcation is apparent in some areas. (from Authors) 956052 Groundwater quality degradation as a result of overpumping in the delta Wadf El-Arisb area, Sinai Penfnsula, Egypt M. A. El-Bihery & T. E. La&mar, Environmental Geology, 24(4), 1994, pp 293-305. This study focuses on the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Quatemary aquifer in the delta Wadi El-Arish area and on the impacts pumping has had on groundwater quality. The objectives were to determine the relationships between groundwater pumping and water levels and water quality, to estimate the hydraulic parameters of the Quaternary aquifer, and to determine the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the aquifer and its suitability for irrigation. (from Authors)
Groundwater 956053 The role of stress release fracturing in the development of cavernoas porosity in carbonate aquifers I. D. Sasowsky & W. B. White, Water Resources Research, 30(12), 1994, pp 3523-3530. Stress relief fracturing provides the large mechanical apertures needed for the development of conduit porosity in carbonate aquifers. Examination of valleys incised into Mississippian age limestones throughout the Appalachian plateaus has demonstrated a consistent pattern taken in the development of conduits in these settings. The recognition that these conduits form along geologically young fracture systems of increased aperture is a departure from previous theories of cave origin. Prior theories have either explicitly or implicitly assumed that caves develop along joints and fractures of significant geologic age, related more to regional tectonic forces than to present-day topographic inIIuences. (from Authors) 956054 Ground water behaviour in karst: example of tbe Ombla Spring (Croatia) 0. Bonacci, Journal of Hydrology, 165(1-4), 1995, pp 113134.