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Heating Defect Detection System Scheme Design Based on Infrared Image Processing for High Voltage Plant of Substation
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Procedia Engineering
Procedia Engineering 00 (2011) 000–000 Procedia Engineering 15 (2011) 699 – 703 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
Advanced in Control Engineering and Information Science
Heating defect detection system scheme design based on infrared image processing for high voltage plant of substation Li Juna,b a*, Liu Xinyua a
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 36 Beihuan Road, Zhengzhou, 450011, China b Xi’an University of Technology, No. 5 South Jinhua Road, Xi’an, 710048, China
Abstract To detect the heating problem of high voltage plant in substation, the paper analyzed the status of heating defect detection system for high voltage plant of substation in our country, proposed an improved system program based on infrared image processing. The program achieved the automatic detection of heating defect detection, and also can exactly locate the position of heating defect. Besides, its future work was also discussed.
© 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of [CEIS 2011] Keywords: Heating defect; Infrared image; Location; Marketing requirements; Lighting protection and anti-interference
1 Introduction Kinds of equipments and wires in the substation will, more or less, generate some certain amount of heat. Thus, overheated malfunction or thermal disorder of the whole system will results from increasing working time, loading inequality, rustiness in hybrids and increasing resistance as well as over current out of bad contact. As a disastrous consequence, the power supply and distribution, especially even the whole transmission system will be under disorder, and unavoidably the great loss in economy [1]. To sum up, heating defect detection system ensures the long-term & high-efficiency operation based on increasingly perfect grid. Considering the defaults of present image surveillance system, the suggested system here applies digital image processing and mode identification, etc. to real-time image analysis together with identification, and automatically locks heating defects in the heating points. The alarm signal and the * Corresponding author. Tel.: 13183005218; fax: +86-371-69127591. E-mail address: [email protected]
1877-7058 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.130
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Li LiuProcedia Xinyu / Procedia Engineering (2011) 699 – 703 LiJun Jun,and et al/ Engineering 00 (2011)15000–000
located mal-functional joints while over working temperature direct stuff to operate in time. The possibility to bring disaster will be lessened and the safety of equipments will be improved. 2 The Analysis on Marketing Requirements Out of the survey in electric power industry, the marketing requirements of temperature detection system on heating points include [2]: • (1) The on-line infrared detection on voltage transformer fault • � On-line detection to casing temperature • � On-line detection on tank body temperature • � On-line detection on conservator temperature • (2) The on-line infrared detection on reactor • � On-line detection on smoothing reactor temperature • � On-line detection on casing temperature • (3) The on-line detection on capacitor • (4) The on-line detection on circuit breaker • (5) The on-line detection on insulator string and instrument transformer • (6) The on-line detection on contact and stand of connecting rod of disconnecting switch • (7) The on-line detection to wires and cables Considering analysis above, the scheme should meet the following: • (1) High-degree integration • (2) Real time monitoring by image transmission • (3) Alarm when in emergency • (4) Voice communication between control center and on-the-spot staff • (5) Automatic detection and picture recording 3 The Principles on Design Based on remote monitoring requirements from power industry as well as experiences in use, the whole frameworks and specifications refer mainly to, , , and etc. To satisfy the practical requirements, the scheme makes full use of the present electric power communication network to reduce cost at utmost in image transmission. Principles on design: stability, creditability, advancement, compatibility, easy operation, maintenance free and expandability [3]. 4 The Grid Structure The Monitored control system of substation was consisted of the Scene monitoring equipment, the Communication network and the Superior supervision centre. The general frames as fig 1. The Infrared CCD, the Inset type digital signals processor and the Scene monitoring computer formed the Scene monitoring equipment. The Communication network was composed of the Optical transmitter and receiver and the Electric power dedicated network. The Signals of scene monitoring which were handled will be transferred to Superior supervision centre and provide scientific basis for decisions.
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Li Jun and Liu Procedia Engineering Engineering 00 15 (2011) (2011) 000–000 699 – 703 Li Jun, Liu Xinyu Xinyu// Procedia
Scene monitoring equipment Infrared CCD
Inset type digital signals processor
Communication network Optical transmitter and receiver Fiber
Scene monitoring computer
Electric power dedicated network
Superior supervision centre Fig. 1. integral block diagram of substation monitoring system
Without restraint of location and surroundings, network digital supervision transfers the analog signals shooting from camera to digital signals and then conveys the information with computers [4]. 4.1. Front-end Equipment (1) The infrared transmit sub-system The principium frames of the infrared transmit sub-system as fig 2, which was consisted of Power module, Temperature control module and Infrared LED. Power module
Temperature control module
Infrared LED
Fig. 2. principium frames of the infrared transmit plant
The Power module provides electric power to the Temperature control module. No extra battery is needed for the self-generating semi-conductor relays generate electricity making use of temperature gaps between heating part and the surrounding. The infrared transmit sub-system is attached to easy-heating section in high-voltage equipments. When the temperature is beyond the set defaults, the switch closes and infrared LED works. (2) The image processing sub-system Infrared CCD highlights the targeted part by pre-treatment, color rectification, smoothing and augmenting [5]. Following is to filter and separate the pretreated images and then extract or classify the features. Based on the given coordinate, the system pinpoints the heating section and alarms. Statistics and data storage will be the last procedure when all dealt with. 4.2. The communication network The management styles and application structures require three-layer network: MCCC (major communication control center ), RMCC(regional monitor and control center) and SBCS(substation-based control system).One or more cameras should be installed in the substation to compress the audio-visual data and then transferred into IP data-packet with alarming information transmitting on IP network. RMCC, set maybe in MCCC, accepts audio-visual data and alarming information by channel of
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Li LiuProcedia Xinyu / Procedia Engineering (2011) 699 – 703 LiJun Jun,and et al/ Engineering 00 (2011)15000–000
10/100Mb/s (10/100BASE) or 2Mb/s (G.703). Remote and real time monitoring can be achieved by monitoring management software and/or MCCC establish in dispatching center. Optical fiber communication in most substation helps improve bandwidth. Substation, connecting with SDH, can be escalated to E1 (2Mbps bandwidth) or construct Ethernet. All above benefit management networks [6]. 4.3. Lighting protection and anti-interference To guarantee lighting protection in power supplies, plugs of major equipment attached to a set of single-phase-source lightning protector and DC electrical source lighting protector installed at infrared CCD. To guarantee lighting protection in power cabinet, lighting protectors should be installed in joints between RS485 and power cabinet (twisted pairs of wires, guide ways), in joints between visual wires and power cabinet and in points of network card output [7]. To guarantee anti-inference of the whole system, concentrating power supplies should be adapted and, power cord, video cord, information cord to transmit and control information or visual data should avoid passing through metal pipes and be grounded. Cables (power circuit) outside pass through tap-water pipes and cables inside rooms pass through galvanized steel pipes (ground benign). 5 The Overall Functions and Performance Index 5.1. Overall Functions (1) Infrared CCD pre-treat image from easily-heated part and rectify color information (2)To further smoothing and augmenting (3) Edge detection and separation (4) To extract features from heat images of equipments and set up the database (5) To identify swiftly the problem and its site. Alarm on time for stuff to check or treat (6) Collect relative information 5.2. Performance Index (1) Power 220VAC (input), 250W (2) Compressed format MPEG-4 or MPEG-2(compressed image code) (3) Video signal standard PAL / NTSC (GB3659-83) (4) Video resolution 352×288；704×576(separate images acceptable) �25 (single pass) (5) Frame Rate (6) Image quality DI (brightness/contrast/saturation/color) adjustable (7) Response time no more than 500ms (8) Heating defect alarm rate 100% (9) Illumination condition no specific request 6 Conclusions As the newly-born complex technology, heating defect detection for high voltage plants in substation involves many a field, such as computerization, communication and image processing. The scheme in this essay helps to reduce physical labor, ensure grid safety, boost productivity and improve technological
Li Jun and Liu Procedia Engineering Engineering 00 15 (2011) (2011) 000–000 699 – 703 Li Jun, Liu Xinyu Xinyu// Procedia
applications in companies. The scheme under discussion executed in a transformer substation in Nan yang city(Henan Province) mirrors its reasonable design and practicability, makes a progress in efficiency as well as precision of monitoring system and offers, to a great degree, practical supports for non-attended substation. References [1] Zhang Yong. The application of infrared detection on electric equipment[J]. Coastal Enterprises and Science & Technology, 2008(5): 64-66, 63. [2] Jiang Wei, Wang Zhiqiang. The application of remote image monitoring system on non-attended substation[J]. Power Equipment, 2008(7): 60-62. [3] Liang Zhixian. Remote image monitoring system and its application on non-attended substation[J]. Power System Connection, 2002(9): 34-36. [4] Pu Enping. The application of infrared detection in power system failure diagnostics [J]. Electric Power Technology, 2004(7): 50-56. [5] Cui Yang, Zhou Zekui. The application of digital image processing in non-attended substation intelligence monitoring[J]. Power Station Systems Engineering, 2004(3): 48-50. [6] Xu Zhongren, Tang Shanglin. The on-line failure diagnostics detection by infrared thermal imaging technology[J]. Power Equipment, 2004(3): 75-77. [7] Liu Xiaoling, Huang Yanyang; Application of IR Thermal Imaging Technology on Electrical Equipment's Fault Diagnosis[J]. Electronic Instrumentation Customer, 2001(8): 14-15.
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Procedia Engineering
Procedia Engineering 00 (2011) 000–000 Procedia Engineering 15 (2011) 699 – 703 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
Advanced in Control Engineering and Information Science
Heating defect detection system scheme design based on infrared image processing for high voltage plant of substation Li Juna,b a*, Liu Xinyua a
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, No. 36 Beihuan Road, Zhengzhou, 450011, China b Xi’an University of Technology, No. 5 South Jinhua Road, Xi’an, 710048, China
Abstract To detect the heating problem of high voltage plant in substation, the paper analyzed the status of heating defect detection system for high voltage plant of substation in our country, proposed an improved system program based on infrared image processing. The program achieved the automatic detection of heating defect detection, and also can exactly locate the position of heating defect. Besides, its future work was also discussed.
© 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of [CEIS 2011] Keywords: Heating defect; Infrared image; Location; Marketing requirements; Lighting protection and anti-interference
1 Introduction Kinds of equipments and wires in the substation will, more or less, generate some certain amount of heat. Thus, overheated malfunction or thermal disorder of the whole system will results from increasing working time, loading inequality, rustiness in hybrids and increasing resistance as well as over current out of bad contact. As a disastrous consequence, the power supply and distribution, especially even the whole transmission system will be under disorder, and unavoidably the great loss in economy [1]. To sum up, heating defect detection system ensures the long-term & high-efficiency operation based on increasingly perfect grid. Considering the defaults of present image surveillance system, the suggested system here applies digital image processing and mode identification, etc. to real-time image analysis together with identification, and automatically locks heating defects in the heating points. The alarm signal and the * Corresponding author. Tel.: 13183005218; fax: +86-371-69127591. E-mail address: [email protected]
1877-7058 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.130
700 2
Li LiuProcedia Xinyu / Procedia Engineering (2011) 699 – 703 LiJun Jun,and et al/ Engineering 00 (2011)15000–000
located mal-functional joints while over working temperature direct stuff to operate in time. The possibility to bring disaster will be lessened and the safety of equipments will be improved. 2 The Analysis on Marketing Requirements Out of the survey in electric power industry, the marketing requirements of temperature detection system on heating points include [2]: • (1) The on-line infrared detection on voltage transformer fault • � On-line detection to casing temperature • � On-line detection on tank body temperature • � On-line detection on conservator temperature • (2) The on-line infrared detection on reactor • � On-line detection on smoothing reactor temperature • � On-line detection on casing temperature • (3) The on-line detection on capacitor • (4) The on-line detection on circuit breaker • (5) The on-line detection on insulator string and instrument transformer • (6) The on-line detection on contact and stand of connecting rod of disconnecting switch • (7) The on-line detection to wires and cables Considering analysis above, the scheme should meet the following: • (1) High-degree integration • (2) Real time monitoring by image transmission • (3) Alarm when in emergency • (4) Voice communication between control center and on-the-spot staff • (5) Automatic detection and picture recording 3 The Principles on Design Based on remote monitoring requirements from power industry as well as experiences in use, the whole frameworks and specifications refer mainly to
701 3
Li Jun and Liu Procedia Engineering Engineering 00 15 (2011) (2011) 000–000 699 – 703 Li Jun, Liu Xinyu Xinyu// Procedia
Scene monitoring equipment Infrared CCD
Inset type digital signals processor
Communication network Optical transmitter and receiver Fiber
Scene monitoring computer
Electric power dedicated network
Superior supervision centre Fig. 1. integral block diagram of substation monitoring system
Without restraint of location and surroundings, network digital supervision transfers the analog signals shooting from camera to digital signals and then conveys the information with computers [4]. 4.1. Front-end Equipment (1) The infrared transmit sub-system The principium frames of the infrared transmit sub-system as fig 2, which was consisted of Power module, Temperature control module and Infrared LED. Power module
Temperature control module
Infrared LED
Fig. 2. principium frames of the infrared transmit plant
The Power module provides electric power to the Temperature control module. No extra battery is needed for the self-generating semi-conductor relays generate electricity making use of temperature gaps between heating part and the surrounding. The infrared transmit sub-system is attached to easy-heating section in high-voltage equipments. When the temperature is beyond the set defaults, the switch closes and infrared LED works. (2) The image processing sub-system Infrared CCD highlights the targeted part by pre-treatment, color rectification, smoothing and augmenting [5]. Following is to filter and separate the pretreated images and then extract or classify the features. Based on the given coordinate, the system pinpoints the heating section and alarms. Statistics and data storage will be the last procedure when all dealt with. 4.2. The communication network The management styles and application structures require three-layer network: MCCC (major communication control center ), RMCC(regional monitor and control center) and SBCS(substation-based control system).One or more cameras should be installed in the substation to compress the audio-visual data and then transferred into IP data-packet with alarming information transmitting on IP network. RMCC, set maybe in MCCC, accepts audio-visual data and alarming information by channel of
702 4
Li LiuProcedia Xinyu / Procedia Engineering (2011) 699 – 703 LiJun Jun,and et al/ Engineering 00 (2011)15000–000
10/100Mb/s (10/100BASE) or 2Mb/s (G.703). Remote and real time monitoring can be achieved by monitoring management software and/or MCCC establish in dispatching center. Optical fiber communication in most substation helps improve bandwidth. Substation, connecting with SDH, can be escalated to E1 (2Mbps bandwidth) or construct Ethernet. All above benefit management networks [6]. 4.3. Lighting protection and anti-interference To guarantee lighting protection in power supplies, plugs of major equipment attached to a set of single-phase-source lightning protector and DC electrical source lighting protector installed at infrared CCD. To guarantee lighting protection in power cabinet, lighting protectors should be installed in joints between RS485 and power cabinet (twisted pairs of wires, guide ways), in joints between visual wires and power cabinet and in points of network card output [7]. To guarantee anti-inference of the whole system, concentrating power supplies should be adapted and, power cord, video cord, information cord to transmit and control information or visual data should avoid passing through metal pipes and be grounded. Cables (power circuit) outside pass through tap-water pipes and cables inside rooms pass through galvanized steel pipes (ground benign). 5 The Overall Functions and Performance Index 5.1. Overall Functions (1) Infrared CCD pre-treat image from easily-heated part and rectify color information (2)To further smoothing and augmenting (3) Edge detection and separation (4) To extract features from heat images of equipments and set up the database (5) To identify swiftly the problem and its site. Alarm on time for stuff to check or treat (6) Collect relative information 5.2. Performance Index (1) Power 220VAC (input), 250W (2) Compressed format MPEG-4 or MPEG-2(compressed image code) (3) Video signal standard PAL / NTSC (GB3659-83) (4) Video resolution 352×288；704×576(separate images acceptable) �25 (single pass) (5) Frame Rate (6) Image quality DI (brightness/contrast/saturation/color) adjustable (7) Response time no more than 500ms (8) Heating defect alarm rate 100% (9) Illumination condition no specific request 6 Conclusions As the newly-born complex technology, heating defect detection for high voltage plants in substation involves many a field, such as computerization, communication and image processing. The scheme in this essay helps to reduce physical labor, ensure grid safety, boost productivity and improve technological
Li Jun and Liu Procedia Engineering Engineering 00 15 (2011) (2011) 000–000 699 – 703 Li Jun, Liu Xinyu Xinyu// Procedia
applications in companies. The scheme under discussion executed in a transformer substation in Nan yang city(Henan Province) mirrors its reasonable design and practicability, makes a progress in efficiency as well as precision of monitoring system and offers, to a great degree, practical supports for non-attended substation. References [1] Zhang Yong. The application of infrared detection on electric equipment[J]. Coastal Enterprises and Science & Technology, 2008(5): 64-66, 63. [2] Jiang Wei, Wang Zhiqiang. The application of remote image monitoring system on non-attended substation[J]. Power Equipment, 2008(7): 60-62. [3] Liang Zhixian. Remote image monitoring system and its application on non-attended substation[J]. Power System Connection, 2002(9): 34-36. [4] Pu Enping. The application of infrared detection in power system failure diagnostics [J]. Electric Power Technology, 2004(7): 50-56. [5] Cui Yang, Zhou Zekui. The application of digital image processing in non-attended substation intelligence monitoring[J]. Power Station Systems Engineering, 2004(3): 48-50. [6] Xu Zhongren, Tang Shanglin. The on-line failure diagnostics detection by infrared thermal imaging technology[J]. Power Equipment, 2004(3): 75-77. [7] Liu Xiaoling, Huang Yanyang; Application of IR Thermal Imaging Technology on Electrical Equipment's Fault Diagnosis[J]. Electronic Instrumentation Customer, 2001(8): 14-15.
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