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Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
Chapter 34 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC): Special Considerations Jack R. Hessler and Daniel P. Frasier
I. Introduction ...................................................................... II. Air Quality ....................................................................... III. Ventilation ........................................................................ A. Ventilation and Animal Room Heat Load ................ B. Variable Air Volume (VAV) ...................................... C. Pressurization and Air Balancing ............................. D. Special Ventilation Considerations ........................... E. Room Ventilation Patterns and Computational Fluid Dynamics ........................................................ IV. Temperature and Relative Humidity (RH) Control .......... A. Temperature .............................................................. B. Relative Humidity .................................................... C. Control Strategy ....................................................... V. Clean Steam ..................................................................... VI. Redundancy ...................................................................... VII. Control Systems, Environmental Monitoring and Environmental Alerts/Alarms .............................................. A. Control ..................................................................... B. Environmental Monitoring ....................................... C. Environmental Alarms .............................................. VIII. Noise Considerations ........................................................... IX. Maintenance Considerations ............................................ X. Energy Conservation ........................................................ XI. Emergency Power ............................................................. XII. Commissioning ................................................................ XIII. Summary .......................................................................... References ....................................................................................
I.
INTRODUCTION
The animal facility HVAC system is the most critical, complex and expensive component of today’s laboratory animal facility. The primary function of the HVAC system is to stabilize PLANNING AND DESIGNING RESEARCH ANIMAL FACILITIES
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the laboratory animals’ macro-environment (the room) and micro-environment (the cage), and maintain a comfortable and healthy work environment for personnel. Specifically, the function of the HVAC system is to control ventilation, temperature and humidity within specified ranges, and remove Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
461
I. Introduction ...................................................................... II. Air Quality ....................................................................... III. Ventilation ........................................................................ A. Ventilation and Animal Room Heat Load ................ B. Variable Air Volume (VAV) ...................................... C. Pressurization and Air Balancing ............................. D. Special Ventilation Considerations ........................... E. Room Ventilation Patterns and Computational Fluid Dynamics ........................................................ IV. Temperature and Relative Humidity (RH) Control .......... A. Temperature .............................................................. B. Relative Humidity .................................................... C. Control Strategy ....................................................... V. Clean Steam ..................................................................... VI. Redundancy ...................................................................... VII. Control Systems, Environmental Monitoring and Environmental Alerts/Alarms .............................................. A. Control ..................................................................... B. Environmental Monitoring ....................................... C. Environmental Alarms .............................................. VIII. Noise Considerations ........................................................... IX. Maintenance Considerations ............................................ X. Energy Conservation ........................................................ XI. Emergency Power ............................................................. XII. Commissioning ................................................................ XIII. Summary .......................................................................... References ....................................................................................
I.
INTRODUCTION
The animal facility HVAC system is the most critical, complex and expensive component of today’s laboratory animal facility. The primary function of the HVAC system is to stabilize PLANNING AND DESIGNING RESEARCH ANIMAL FACILITIES
461 462 462 463 463 464 466 471 471 471 472 472 472 472 473 473 473 473 474 474 474 474 474 475 476
the laboratory animals’ macro-environment (the room) and micro-environment (the cage), and maintain a comfortable and healthy work environment for personnel. Specifically, the function of the HVAC system is to control ventilation, temperature and humidity within specified ranges, and remove Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
461