Heinz Gerischer: on the occasion of his retirement as director of the Fritz-Haber Institute

J. Electroanal. Chem., 228 (1987) 1-17 Elsevier Sequoia CA., Lausanne - Printed

in The Netherlands

HEINZ GERISCHER: ON THE OCCASION OF HIS RETIREMENT DIRECTOR OF THE FRITZ-HABER INSTITUTE

AS

With this edition the international community of electrochemists pays tribute to Heinz Gerischer, who on the 31st of March 1987 celebrated his 68th birthday and retired from his position as director at the Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-PlanckGesellschaft. On this occasion, we honour a scientist who is, rightly. considered to be one of the prime movers of modem interfacial electrochemistry, a man who gave new and forward-looking impetus to the entire field of electrochemistry, changing its relatively insignificant status as a purely electroanalytical discipline to that of an essential and modern interdisciplinary science. That electrochemistry today can make important contributions to the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, reaction kinetics, photochemistry, the utilization of solar energy in photoelectrochemical cells, etc., is largely due to the work of Heinz Gerischer, who laid the foundation to this development. We also pay tribute to Heinz Gerischer as a human being who, not only through his extensive knowledge and deep understanding of natural science and its interrelationships, but also by his personal commitment to research and

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teaching in Germany, has earned our great respect and admiration. Heinz Gerischer was born in 1919 in Wittenberg, a small town in central Germany, made famous by the German reformer, Martin Luther. In 1937 he began his chemistry studies at the nearby University of Leipzig, from which (after a two-year interruption for military service) he graduated as Diplom-Chemiker in 1944. This choice of university proved to be a decisive one and had considerable influence on his future career, since it was here that he first encountered the man who was to be his future teacher and supervisor of his doctoral work, Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer. Not only did Bonhoeffer guide Gerischer’s interest in the direction of electrochemistry - an area which was to develop at an enormous rate in the next few years - but also he exerted a long-lasting personal influence on the young scientist. Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer impressed his disciples and colleagues by his critical attitude toward the political regime of that period; and his former students, in recalling those times, are unanimous in their respect for his courage and strength of character. It should be remembered that Bonhoeffer’s brothers Dietrich and Klaus paid with their lives for taking such a stance. Thus the name Bonhoeffer had become a symbol of personal integrity and character in the Germany of those dark years, providing an inspiring example for his students, including Heinz Gerischer. For his doctoral thesis, under Bonhoeffer’s guidance, Gerischer worked with periodic reactions at electrode surfaces, a phenomenon that is still an important topic in surface science and synergetics. Following his Ph.D. from Leipzig in 1946, Heinz Gerischer accepted an assistant professorship under the directorship of K.F. Bonhoeffer at the Humboldt University which, after the political division of Germany, lay in the Eastern portion of Berlin. During this time Gerischer established his first contact with the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut for Physical Chemistry (now the Fritz-Haber-Institut) in Dahlem, a gateway to the West, so to speak, of which Bonhoeffer was appointed department head in addition to his position as director of the Institute for Physical Chemistry at the Humboldt University. It was here that he met Klaus Vetter, who had joined Bonhoeffer from the school of M. Bodenstein. The rapid development of electrochemical kinetics in Germany at that time can be attributed to the competition between these two young assistants, Gerischer and Vetter; and this at a time when scientific work had to be carried out under unimaginably difficult conditions, when even acquisition of one’s daily bread was a considerable worry in this post-war period, which saw the Berlin Blockade as well. In 1949 Gerischer and his young family left Berlin to join Bonhoeffer as Research Associate at the newly founded Max-Planck-Institut for Physical Chemistry in Gottingen. Over the years in Berlin and Gottingen, Heinz Gerischer worked intensively in the area of electrode kinetics. His particular “style” was already evident in his manner of tackling problems: a clear formulation of the problem and subsequent design of a decisive experiment. A methodical line richly interspersed with new ideas was the basis of his success. In order to measure very fast electrochemical reactions, for example, the current contribution from the double-layer charging had to be eliminated; hence he developed the so-called double-pulse method in which

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double-layer charging was achieved during the first pulse and the reaction to be investigated took place in the second pulse. This technique, together with others he developed and improved (such as potential modulation methods), laid the foundation of kinetics in modem electrochemistry. His work in electrode kinetics, which has strongly influenced our present understanding of the topic, quickly found recognition in the scientific world; so it was not surprising that in 1953 he and Vetter were awarded the newly established Bodenstein Prize of the Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft. The overall prospects of a university career in general and the old animosities between universities and Max-Planck-Institutes in particular were so discouraging that Gerischer decided to seek a job in industry. Fortunately, these plans never materialized. In 1954 Gerischer was offered a position as department head in the Max-Planck-Institut for Metals Research in Stuttgart; and in 1955 he presented his Habilitationsschrift at the University of Stuttgart, with the title “Investigations on the Discharging Mechanism of Metal Ions”. His theories of metal deposition (the so-called adatom model, for example) made a great impact on the understanding of this technically important process. Although the years in Stuttgart were still closely concerned with electrode kinetics, for example with the study of fast electron transfer reactions, in 1957 a short note on the electrochemical investigation of p- and n-germanium appeared. It was the result of a seminar on solid state physics at Stuttgart University, in which Gerischer participated in order to become acquainted with this field. Here, recent results of Brattain and Garrett on germanium were discussed. He must have recognized immediately the enormous implications of semiconductor electrochemistry both for the theoretical studies of charge transfer (which, because of the energy separation of electrons and, holes in semiconductors, can be studied particularly easily) and for its application in photochemistry and photovoltaics. From 1960 on, his works on the electrochemistry of germanium were published in quick succession. Today we know that Gerischer succeeded in establishing his new field, one in which he was to become singularly successful during the years to follow. Again, in this area his works became the milestones by which the electrochemists then, as now, plotted their course. In the years 1960-61 three papers by H. Gerischer appeared in the Zeitschrift ftir Physikalische Chemie, which were to be among his most important contributions to science. They dealt with the theory of redox reactions on metal and semiconductor electrodes. In an impressively clear mathematical treatment a model was introduced which described the transfer of electrons between the solid and the redox electrolyte as an electron tunneling through the double-layer barrier. Gerischer’s physics-oriented turn of mind, which was evident, for example, in the introduction of a Fermi level and density-of-states for electrolytes, now began to make its impact on electrochemistry. In 1962, he was first offered the Extraordinariat for Electrochemistry at the Technische Hochschule in Munich as successor to CA. Knorr, and then, in 1964, he became director of the whole Institute for Physical Chemistry, succeeding G.

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Scheibe. Through his close contacts with students, Gerischer was able on one hand to further his work in semiconductor electrochemistry, and on the other to carry out investigations in the area of electrode kinetics with new experimental methods. There followed investigations using the continuous flow method with integrating observation which rendered possible the study of irreversible reactions in the diffusion-limited range, and ESR investigations, with which he hoped to obtain a detailed description of the mechanism of electrode reactions, particularly concerning radical intermediates. The intensive concern with semiconductor electrochemistry led him logically into the areas of photoelectrochemistry and the electrochemistry of electronically excited states, a field (the third) in which, over the years to come, he would perform outstanding studies, ingenious and unequalled by anybody else. Investigations of the spectral sensitization of semiconductors were carried out which encompassed this area in its entire range. Although the basic effects had been generally investigated at ZnO electrodes, these measurements were soon extended to other inorganic semiconductor materials such as CdS, GaAs and silver halides, and on organic semiconductors such as anthracene and perylene. Gerischer’s engagement with surface science, with his recognition of its implications for physical chemistry in general as well as for electrochemistry in particular, was rooted in this period of his life. He directed a doctoral thesis on the determination of the work function of solids using a Millikan method as modified by Straubel. LEED investigations were begun in his institute. This work he entrusted to his most capable assistant, G. Ertl (who soon became an internationally acknowledged leader in this field). Using single crystals as electrodes in the investigation of electrocrystallization processes, Gerischer here again was well ahead of his time. Heinz Gerischer has won international recognition with his studies of electrode kinetics and semiconductor electrochemistry. He was a much sought-after lecturer and discussion partner and travelled often and willingly. In the winter of 1967/68 he was a “Visiting Scientist” at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley. As is often the case, the full implications of Gerischer’s works were first appreciated abroad, particularly in the U.S.A., and only later in his own country. The number of his co-workers in Munich - students, assistants and especially guest scientists from all over the world - continued to increase. I remember well one of the annual Christmas parties at which Gerischer showed a diagram during his speech to illustrate the number of co-workers as a function of time. It was an exponential curve. In 1969 (he was then Dean of the Natural Sciences Faculty of the Technische Hochschule in Munich) Gerischer was offered the position of director of the Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin. The task of directing an institute which bore the name of the great physical chemist Haber, and which before had been directed by Gerischer’s esteemed teacher K.F. Bonhoeffer, must have been both a temptation and an obligation to accept. Even the offer of appointment to the Schwab Chair at the University of Munich could not dissuade him from leaving Munich, and in the summer of 1970 he moved to Berlin. The circle was now complete.

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Compared to the funding situation at a university, the financial means now available must have seemed to Gerischer to be almost unlimited (and their use was fairly unrestricted), providing now the possibility of developing a research institute entirely according to his own design. To this end, it was necessary to change the set-up that had evolved over the years at the institute and, from the large number of existing smaller groups, develop a single entity. With energy, patience, tenacity and skill, he succeeded in fashioning an institute which today occupies an internationally recognized top position. In his department, which numbers up to eighty co-workers, Gerischer has tackled electrochemical problems using numerous techniques, including - perhaps most importantly - non-electrochemical methods such as spectroscopy. Even UHV techniques, which he always considered very important, are used for problem-solving in electrochemistry. One sees from looking at Gerischer’s publications, listed below, that the more than 250 publications to date reflect an impressive achievement which, for generations to come, will associate his name with electrochemistry. Hence it is understandable that he has been honoured by a large number of awards. Besides the Bodenstein Prize of the Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft (1953) already mentioned, he has received the “Bunsen-Denkrntinze” of the Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft (1976) the Palladium Medal of The Electrochemical Society (1977), the DECHEMA Medal (1982), the Fiorino d’Oro of the City of Florence (1985) and the Electrochemistry Group Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry (1987). He was president of the International Society of Electrochemistry (1971-72) and at the same time president of the Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft. From October 1977 to April 1978 he was Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. He is a member of the “Leopoldina” zu Halle and possesses honorary doctorates from the universities of Southampton, Erlangen-Ntimberg and Berlin. A scientist of his calibre and with his sense for important and far-reaching developments is always sought after for advice. He was a member of various scientific boards, including the German Research Council, and generally played an active role in many politico-scientific decisions. He has long been not only a scientist but also an authority able to persuade and exert powerful influence. For example, he strongly urged the building of the storage ring BESSY in Berlin and thus considerably reinforced Berlin’s importance in surface science research. Despite his extraordinary ability to recognize important and potentially successful developments early on, Gerischer never compelled a co-worker to pursue any particular line of research. He provided stimulation, advice and support unstintingly when these were sought, but allowed everyone the freedom to choose his own scientific direction. He was fair and objective in his judgement of scientific merit of others, and especially so with his co-workers (he could never be accused of advancing his own people undeservedly). The scientist, however, is only one aspect of the man. Heinz Gerischer, despite tremendous commitment to his scientific work, which routinely has entailed a fourteen-hour day, still finds time to pursue his many non-scientific interests, which surely attests to his intelligence, quickness in grasping a concept and extremely

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effective and concentrated work style. He reads widely and prolifically, involves himself in current political questions, is interested in the arts and is a frequent concert-goer. Anyone who has been his guest, whether privately or in the course of business, knows he is an engaging conversationalist, clever and with a keen sense of humor. Despite his air of authority (which can be somewhat daunting to the younger workers), Gerischer is a sociable individual and at institute celebrations he is one of the last to leave. He is a passionate dancer and, until recently, was an avid downhill skier. I like to remember the many ski outings that he arranged with his co-workers during the time in Munich. They had a family-like atmosphere, as did the summer parties which were held in the Gerischers’ lovely house in the outskirts of Munich. This brings me, of course, to speak of Frau Gerischer who has, like many scientists’ wives, made a significant contribution to her husband’s success. Herself a doctor of chemistry (there has even been one paper published jointly by the couple), she has had a deep and abiding interest in the professional life of her husband as well as a warm personal interest in his students. Wherever one meets Frau Gerischer, whether in their ever-hospitable home, at institute celebrations or accompanying her husband to a conference, one feels the warmth she always brings to every activity. We, friends, colleagues and co-workers from all over the world are grateful to Heinz Gerischer as a scientist, teacher and man, for his manifold contributions to both science and scientists. We wish him as Emeritus (i.e., free from the cares of direction and organisation) further enjoyment of his scientific work as well as the leisure to partake of all the activities - including his flute playing - which for lack of time he has had to lay aside. We wish Heinz and Renate Gerischer many more happy and healthy years to come. DIETER

M. KOLB

PUBLICATIONS 1 K.F. Bonhoeffer and H. Gerischer, fiber periodische chemische Reaktionen - das anodische Verhalten von Kupfer in Salzsiiure, Z. Elektrcchem., 52 (1948) 149-160. 2 H. Gerischer, Messungen der Austauschstromdichte beim Gleichgewichtspotential an einer Platinelektrode in Fe2+/Fe 3+ Liisungen, Z. Elektrochem., 54 (1950) 336-369. 3 H. Gerischer, Die Austauschstromdichte be& Gleichgewichtspotential an Elektroden mit einem potentialbestimmenden Vorgang, Z. Elektrochem., 54 (1950) 362-365. 4 H. Gerischer, Reaktionen und period&he Vorg8nge an einer Platinanode in Alkalisulfidlijsungen, Z. Elektrochem., 54 (1950) 540-546. 5 H. Gerischer, Uber die Auflosungsgeschwindigkeit von Schwefel in Sulfid- und Polysulfidliisungen, Z. Anorg. Chem., 259 (1949) 220-224. 6 H. Gerischer and K.J. Vetter, Konzemrationspolarisation bei vorgelagerter chemischer Reaktion im Elektrolyten und ihr Anteil am station&n Polarisationswiderstand beim Gleichgewichtspotential, Z. Phys. Chem., 197 (1951) 92-104. 7 H. Gerischer, Bestimmung der Austauschgeachwindigkeit beim Gleichgewichtspotential durch Polarisationsmesstmgen mit Gleich- und Wechselstrom, Z. Elektrochem., 55 (1951) 98-104. 8 H. Gerischer, Wechselstrompolarisation von Elektroden mit einem potentialbestimmenden Scbritt beim Gleichgewichtspotential. I, Z. Phys. Chem., 198 (1951) 286-313.

9 H. Get&her and W. Vielstich, Untersuchungen mit radioaktivcn Indikatorcn iiber Austausch- turd Diffusionsvorg&nge an SilbereIektroden, Z. Elektrochem., 56 (1952) 380-386. 10 H. Gerischcr, Wechselstrompolarisation von EIektroden mit einem potentialbcstimmenden Schritt beim Gleichgewichtspotential, II, Z. Phys. Chem., 201 (1952) 55-67. 11 H. Gerischcr, Uber die Kinetische Analyse des Entladungsmechanismus von Komplex-Ionen, Z. Phys. Chem., 202 (1953) 292-301. 12 H. Gerischer, Kinetik dcr En&dung einfacher und komplexer Zink-Ionen, Z. Phys. C&em., 202 (1953) 302-317. 13 H. Gerischer, Zum Entladungsmechanismus von Komplex-Ioncn, Z. Elektrochem., 57 (1953) 604-609. 14 H. Get&her, Wechselstrommessmethcden in der Elektrochemie, Z. Elektrochem., 58 (1954) 9-24. 15 H. Get&her, Elektrcdenpolarisation bei ijberlagerung von Wechselstrom und Gleichstrom, I. Theorie, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 1 (1954) 278-299. 16 H. Gcrischer, Die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion: [Cd(CN),]& + [Cd(CN)s]& +CN&, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 2 (1954) 79-88. 17 H. Gerischer and RP. Tischer, Isotopenaustausch und UmIagenmgsvorg8nge in Silberobcrflgchen, Z. Elektrochem., 58 (1954) 819-827. 18 H. Gerischer and W. VieIstich, Zur Elektrolyse bei konstantem Elektrodenpotential. I. Der Strom-Zeit-Vcrlauf bei gehemmter Entladung mit Nachheferung durch Diffusion und Rtickschltte auf die Kinetik, Z. Phys. Chem,, N.F., 3 (1955) 16-33. 19 W. Vielstich and H. Gerischer, Zur Elektrolysc bei konstantem Potential II. Untersuchmgen tiber die Kinetik der Abscheidung einfacher Zink- und komplexer Silber-Ionen, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 4 (1955) 10-23. 20 J. Schon, W. MehI and H. Gerischcr, Ein Ger8t zum Registricren von Impedanzen bei elektrochemischen Untcrsuchungen, Z. Elektrochem., 59 (1955) 144-146. 21 W. Jaenicke, R.P. Tischer and H. Gerischer, Die snodische Bildung von Silberchlorid-Dcckschichtcn uud UmIagerungserscheimmgen nach ihrer kathodischen Reduktion zu Silber, Z. Elektrochem., 59 (1955) 448-455. 22 H. Gcrischer and H. Rickert, Uber das elektrochemische Verhalten von Kupfer-Gold-Legierungen und den Mechanismus der Spamumgskorrosion, Z. MetaBkd., 46 (1955) 681-689. 23 H. Get&her, Eine Einftig in die Methoden zur Untersuchung der Kinetik von EIektrodenprozesscn, Z. Elektrochem., 59 (1955) 604-612. 24 H. Gerischer and W. MehI, Zum Mechanismus der kathodischen Wasscrstoffabschcidung an QuecksiIber, Silber tmd Kupfer, Z. Elektrochem., 59 (1955) 1049-1059. 25 H. Get&her, Elektrochemische Vorg8nge an metallischen Elektroden, Angcw. Chem., 68 (1956) 20-29. 26 H. Gerischer and K.-E. Staubach, Zur Kinetik der Hg/Hg$+-Elektrode, Z. Phys. Chem., N.F., 6 (1956) 118-124. 27 R Gerischer and H. Gerischcr, Uber die katalytische Zersetzung von Wasserstoffsupcroxyd an metaBischem Platin, Z. Phys. Chem., N.F., 6 (1956) 178-200. 28 H. Gerischer, ijber den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Mechanismus der elektrolytischen Wasserstoffabscheidung turd der Adsorptionsenergie dcs atomaren Wasscrstoffs an vcrschiedenen Metallen, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 8 (1956) 137-153. 29 H. Gerischer and M. K8ppe1, Zum Mechanismus der Chromabscheidung durch elektrolytische Red&ion von Chroms%ure,Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 8 (1956) 258-262. 30 H. Gcrischer and M. Krause, Eine Doppelimpuls-Methode zur Untersuchung sehr schneller Elektrodcnreaktionen, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 10 (1957) 264-269. 31 H. Gcrischer, Elektrochemische Ehxnentarprozesse bei der Spanmmgskorrosion, Z. Elektrochem., 61 (1957) 276-280. 32 H. Gerischer and M. K;?ppel, Untcrsuchungen iiber die Elektrolytische Red&ion der Chromstlure, Z. Elektrochcm., 61 (1957) 463-470. 33 H. Gerischer, Eilektrochcmische Vorgiinge bei dcr Spanmmgskorrosion, Werkst. Korros., 8 (1957) 394-401.

34 H. Gerischer. Karl Fnedrich Bonhoeffer, Mitt. Max-Planck-Ges., 3 (1957) 114-122. 35 H. Gerischer and K.-E. Staubach, Der elektnsche Potentiostat und seine Anwendung zur Untersuchung schneller Elektrodenreaktionen, Z. Elektrochem., 61 (1957) 789-794. 36 H. Gerischer and F. Beck, Uber der Auflosung von n- und p-Germanium in wlssriger Elektrolytlosung unter Einwirkung von Oxydationsmitteln, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 13 (1957) 389-395. 37 H. Gerischer and R.P. Tischer. Zum Mechamsmus der elektrolytischen Abscheidung und Aufliisung fester Metalle. I. Vorgange bei der station&en Aufliisung von Silberelektroden und die Geschwindigkeit der Durchtrittsreaktton, Z. Elektrochem., 61 (1957) 1159-1162. 38 H. Genscher, On the most suitable type of notation for current-potential curves, International Committee of Electrochemical Thermodynamtcs and Kinetics (C I.T.C.E.), Proc. Linda”, 1955. Butterworth, London, 1957, pp. 183-186. 39 R.P. Tischer and H. Gerischer, Elektrolytische Aufliisung von Gold-Silber-Legierungen und die Frage der Resistenzgrenzen, Z. Elektrochem., 62 (1958) 50-60. 40 H. Gerischer and M. Krause, Die Geschwindigkeit von Elektrodenreaktionen des fliissigen und festen Queckslbers. Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 14 (1958) 184-196. 41 H. Gerischer, Zum Mechanismus der elektrolytischen Abscheidung und Auflosung fester Metalle. II. Galvanostatische Einschaltvorglnge an Silberelektroden und die Kinetik des Knstallwachstums, Z. Elektrochem., 62 (1958) 256-264. 42 H. Gerischer, Passivitlt der Metalle, Angew. Chem., 10 (1958) 285-298. 43 H. Gerischer, Mechanismus der elektrolytischen Wasserstoffabscheidung und Absorptionsenerge von atomarem Wasserstoff, Bull. Sot. Chim. Belg., 67 (1958) 506-527. 44 H. Gerischer, Mechamsm of electrolytic deposition and dissolution of metals, Anal. Chem.. 31 (1959) 33-39. 45 F. Beck and H. Genscher, Zum Mechamsmus der anodischen Auflosung von Germanium in alkalischer Losung, Z. Elektrochem., 63 (1959) 500-510. 46 H. Gerischer and M. Kappel, Redoxvorgange an Elektroden in Gegenwart von Chromslure, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 20 (1959) 83-94. 47 H. Gerischer, Elektronische Potentiostaten zur Untersuchung schneller Elektronenreaktionen, International Committee of Electrochemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics (C.I.T.C.E.), Proc. Paris, 1957, Butterworth, London, 1959, pp. 243-252. 48 H. Gerischer, Zur Kinetik der Ag/Ag*-Elektrode, International Committee of Electrochemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics (C.I.T.C.E.). Proc. Paris, 1957, Butterworth, London, 1959. pp. 352-361. 49 F. Beck and H. Gerischer, Redoxvorglnge an Germanium-Elektroden, Z. Elektrochem.. 63 (1959) 943-950. 50 H. Gerischer and F. Beck, Das Korrosionspotential des Germaniums und seine Abhlngigkeit von der Dotierung, der Korrosionsgeschwindrgkeit und der Belichtung, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 23 (1960) 113-132. 51 H. Gerischer, Kinetik der elektrolytischen Abscheidung und Auflosung von Metallen in w&tiger Losung, Electrochim. Acta, 2 (1960) 1-21. 52 H. Gerischer, Die Erfassung schneller chemischer Reaktionen im potentiostatischen Ablauf einer Elektrodenreaktion, Z. Elektrochem., 64 (1960) 29-35. 53 M. Kappel and H. Gerischer, Zum Mechanismus der elektrolytischen Chromabscheidung durch Reduktion von Chromsaure, Z. Elektrochem., 64 (1960) 235-244. 54 M. Perez-Fernandes and H. Gerischer, Zur Kinetik der Elektrodenreaktion [Hg(CN),]‘+2 em + Hg+4 CN-, Z. Elektrochem., 64 (1960) 477-483. 55 H. Gerischer and F. Beck, Uber den Anteil der Defektelektronen an der anodischen Aufliisung von Germanium, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 24 (1960) 378-389. 56 H. Gerischer, Zum Mechanismus der kathodischen Wasserstoffabscheidung an GermaniumElektroden, An. R. Sot. Esp. Fis. Quim. B, 56 (1960) 535-546. 57 H. Gerischer, Metal and semiconductor electrode processes, in H.C. Gatos (Ed.) The Surface Chemistry of Metals and Semiconductors, Wiley, New York, 1960, pp. 177-204.

9 58 H. Gerischer, Uber den Ablauf von Redoxreaktionen an Metallen und an Halbleitem. I. Allgemeines zum Elektronentibergang zwischen einem Festkiirper und einem Redoxelektrolyten, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 26 (1960) 223-247. 59 H. Gerischer, Uber den Ablauf von Redoxreaktionen an Metallen und an Halbleitem. II. MetallElektroden, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 26 (1960) 325-338. 60 H. Gerischer, Uber den Ablauf von Redoxreaktionen an Metallen und an Halbleitem. III. Halbleiterelektroden, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 27 (1961) 48-79. Elektrochemische Gesichtspunkte zur katalytischen Hydrierung an 61 F. Beck and H. Gerischer, Platinkontakten in gepufferten Lasungen, Z. Elektrochem., 65 (1961) 504-517. 62 H. Gerischer, Anodisches Verhalten der Edelmetall-Legierungen und die Frage der Resistenzgrenzen, Werkst. Korros., 12 (1961) 608-613. 63 H. Gerischer, Electrode processes, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 12 (1961) 227-254. 64 G. Ertl and H. Gerischer, Eine Temperatursprungmethode zur Untersuchung schneller Dissoziationsreaktionen mit Hilfe eines Mikrowellen-Impulses, Z. Elektrochem., 65 (1961) 629-633. 65 M. Hofmamr-Perez and H. Gerischer, Zur Frage der Ladungsverteilung an der Oberflache von Germanium-Elektroden in wgssrigen Elektrolytlosungen, Z. Elektrochem., 65 (1961) 771-775. 66 H. Gerischer, Semiconductor electrode reactions, in P. Delahay (Ed.), Advances in Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering, Vol. 1: Electrochemistry, Interscience, New York, 1961, pp. 139-232. Uber die Deckschichterzeugung auf Stahloberfhachen nach dem kombinierten 67 H. Gerischer, Oxalslure-Chromsaure-Verfahren, Werkst. Korros., 13 (1962) 22-29. 68 G. Ertl and H. Gerischer, Ein Vergleich der Kinetik der Neutralisationsreaktionen des leichten und schweren Wassers, Z. Elektrochem., 66 (1962) 560-563. of solids and the mechanism of electrode reactions 69 H. Gerischer, Relations between the constitution as demonstrated in the behaviour of germanium-electrodes, Rec. Chem. Progr., 23 (1962) 135-153. (1962) 135-153. Katalysator-Suspensionen als Stromiibertrager in elektrochemischen Prozessen, Ber. 70 H. Get&her, Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 67 (1963) 164-167. 71 H. Gerischer, Das anodische Verhalten der Edelmetall-Legierungen und die Frage der Resistenzgrenzen bei der Korrosion solcher Legierungen, in E. Rabald and W. Frische (Eds.), Grundlagenforschung auf verschiedenen Gebieten der Korrosion und der Werkstoffe, Korrosion 16, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1963, pp. 21-27. of spherical single crystal electrodes for use in electrocrys72 D.K. Roe and H. Gerischer, Preparation tallization studies, J. Electrcchem. Sot., 110 (1963) 350-352. der Stromtibertragung zwischen mit Bremistoff beladenen 73 J. Held and H. Gerischer, Untersuchung Katalysatorsuspensionen und Stromabnehmerelektroden, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 67 (1963) 921-929. 74 H. Gerischer, Zur Prtlfung des Leitungstypus von Halbleitem mit Hilfe von Messungen des Korrosionspotentials und tiber die Lokalelementbildung an p-n-Uberg&ngen, Z. Naturforsch., 19a (1964) 553-556. Kinetik der Metallabscheidung aus Lbsungen komplexgebundener Ionen, Chem.75 H. Gerischer, Ing.-Tech., 36 (1964) 666-671. 76 H. Gerischer, M Hoffmann-Perez and W. Mindt, Uber den chemischen Zustand und das elektrische Moment der Oberfl%che von Germanium in Kontakt mit wgssrigen Elektrolytlosungen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 69 (1965) 130-138. 77 H. Gerischer, Uber den Mechanismus der anodischen Auflosung von Galliumarsenid, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 69 (1965) 578-583. 78 H. Gerischer and W. Heim, Eine Stromungsmethode mit integrierender Anzeige zur Untersuchung schneller Reaktionen in Losung, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 46 (1965) 345-352. 79 H. Gerischer, I. Mattes and R. Braun, Elektrolyse im Stromungskanal. Ein Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Reaktions- und Zwischenprodukten, J. Electroanal. Chem., 10 (1965) 553-567. 80 R. Koopmami and H. Gerischer, Untersuchung der elektrochemischen Reduktion von Nitrobenzol durch Kombination von ESR-Messungen mit elektroanalytischen Methoden, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 70 (1966) 127-138.

10 81 R. Koopmann and H. Get&her, Absolutbestimmung von Radikahnengen zur Eichung von ESRMessungen bei elektrochemisch erzeugbaren Radikalen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 70 (1966) 118-120. 82 H. Gerischer and I. Mattes, Wasserstoffabscheidung und Ablauf von Redoxreaktionen an Galliumarsenid, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 49 (1966) 112-126. 83 H. Gerischer, A. Mauerer and W. Mindt, Nachweis einer intermediiien Radiialstruktur der Germanium-Oberfhache beim Ubergang zwischen Hydrid- und Hydroxidbelegung, Surf. Sci., 4 (1966) 431-439. 84 H. Get&her and W. Mindt, Uber den Mechanismus der elektrolytischen Reduktion von Wasserstoffperoxid an Germanium in saurer Losung, Surf. Sci., 4 (1966) 440-451. 85 H. Gerischer, Electrochemical behaviour of semiconductors under illumination, J. Electrochem. Sot., 113 (1966) 1174-1182. 86 H. Gerischer and I. Mattes, Uber die Mitwirkung von Oberfl&chenzustiden bei Redoxresktionen an Halbleitem, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 52 (1967) 60-72. 87 H. Gerischer, Gmndlegende Vo@nge bei der Elektrokristallisation, in Protection against Corrosion by Metal Finishing, Proc. Surface 66, Forster Verlag, Zlirich, 1967, pp. 11-23. 88 M.-E. Beyerle and H. Gerischer, Uber die Rolle der Protonen bei der Injektion von Defektelektronen in Anthracenkristallen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 71 (1967) 380-383. 89 W. Mindt and H. Gerischer, Pulse measurements of the surface photovoltage at intrinsic germanium electrodes, Surf. Sci., 9 (1968) 449-454. 90 H. Gerischer, Elektrochemische Prozesse an Halbleitem, Chimia, 22 (1968) 65-79. 91 H. Gerischer and W. Heim, Die Stromungsmethode mit integrierender Anzeige zur Untersuchung schneller Reaktionen in Lasung unter Einbeziehung des Mischvorganges, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 71 (1967) 1040-1046. 92 H. Gerischer and H. Tributsch, Elektrochemische Untersuchungen zur spektralen Sensibilisienmg von ZnO-Einkristallen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 72 (1968) 437-445. 93 H. Gerischer and W. Mindt, The mechanisms of the decomposition of semiconductors by electrochemical oxidation and reduction, Electrochim. Acta, 13 (1968) 1329-1341. 94 H. Gerischer, M.-E. Michel-Beyerle, F. Rebentrost and H. Tributsch, Sensitization of charge injection into semiconductors with large band gap, Electrcchim. Acta, 13 (1968) 1509-1515. 95 H. Gerischer, Gn the role of electrons and holes in surface reactions on semiconductors, Surf. Sci., 13 (1969) 265-278. 96 H. Gerischer and I. Wallem-Mattes, Zum Mechanismus der Aufliisung von Galliumarsenid durch Oxydationsmittel, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 64 (1969) 187-198. 97 H. Gerischer and W. Ranke, Anwendung der von Straubel modifizierten Mill&an-Anordmmg zur Messung der Photo-Ionisationsschwellen von Kristallen, Z. Natursforsch., 24a (1969) 463-464. 98 D. Kolb, W. Wirths and H. Get&her, Kinetische Untersuchung an substituierten Nitrobenzolradikalanionen mit Hilfe der Elektronenspinresonanz, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 73 (1969) 148-153. 99 H. Tributsch and H. Gerischer, Electrochemische Untersuchungen iiber den Mechanismus der Sensibilisierung und Ubersensibilisierung an ZnO-Einkristallen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 73 (1969) 251-260. 100 H. Tributsch and H. Gerischer, The use of semiconductor electrodes in the study of photochemical reactions, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 73 (1969) 850-854. 101 H. Gerischer, Elektrochemische Reaktionen in der Oberfltiche von Halbleitem, in Mothes (Ed.), Physik und Chemie der Kristalloberflgche, Nova Acta Leopoldina (Suppl.), 34 (1968) 122-154. 102 H. Gerischer, Charge transfer processes at semiconductor-electrolyte interfaces in connection with problems of catalysis, Surf. Sci., 18 (1969) 97-122. 103 H. Gerischer and A. Mauerer, Untersuchungen zur anodischen Oxidation von Ammo&k an Platin-Elektroden, J. Electroanal. Chem., 25 (1970) 421-433. 104 H. Gerischer and H. Rosier, Zum Mechanismus der Oxidation organ&her Molektile durch Defektelektronen an Halbleiteroberfl&chen, Chem.-Ing.-Tech., 42 (1970) 176-179. 105 H. Gerischer, J. Holzwarth, D. Seifert and L. Strohmaier, Flow method with integrating observation for very fast irreversible reactions, Ber. Bunsengee. Phys. Chem., 73 (1%9) 925-955.

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106 H. Get&her, J. Hohwarth, D. Seifert and L. Strohmsier, Anwendung der Strtimungsmethode mit integrierender Beobachtung zur Untersuchung reversibler Reaktionen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 74 (1970) 589-593. 107 H, Get&her, Grundvorstelhmgen iiber die Korrosion von Halbleitern in Kontakt mit Elektrolytl&ungen, in F. Farkas (Ed.), Corrosion Week. 41st Manifestation of the European Federation of Corrosion, Budapest, 1%8, Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1970, pp. 69-82. 108 H. Gerischer, M.-E Michel-Beyerle and F. Rebentrost, An electrochemical method of investigation of spectral sensitization processes at the hydrocarbon single crystal perylene, in W.F. Berg, U. Mazzucato, H. Meier, G. Demercano (Eds.) Dye Sensitization, The Focal Press, London, 1970, pp. 140-147. 109 H. Gerischer, Semiconductor electrochemistry, in H. Eyring, D. Henderson and W. Jost (Eds.) Physical Chemistry, Vol. 9A: Electrochemistry, Academic Press, New York, 1970, pp. 463-542. 110 G. Ertl and H. Gerischer, Semiconductor surfaces, in H. Eyring, D. Henderon and W. Jost (Eds.) Physical Chemistry, Vol. 10: Solid State, Academic Press, New York, 1970, pp. 371-433. 111 H. Gerischer and E. Meyer, Zum Mechanismus der Elektronentibertragung und der Korrosion an einer Cadmiumsulfid-Elektrode im Redoxsystem J;/J-, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 74 (1971) 302-318. 112 M.H. Miles and H. Getischer, The Zn”‘/Zn(Hg) electrode’reaction in binary mixtures of water and n-propanol, J. Electrochem. Sot., 118 (1971) 837-841. 113 H.R Schwpel and H. Gerischer, Die kathodische Reduktion von Cu-I-oxid-Elektroden als Beispiel fiir den Mechanismus der Red&ion eines HalbleiterKristaBs, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 75 (1971) 1237-1239. 114 H. Gerischer, J. Holxwarth, D. Seifert and L. Strohmaier, Berttcksichtigung des Mischvorganges bei der Stromungsmethode mit integrierender Beobachtung, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 76 (1972) 11-16. 115 H. Get&her and K. Cammann, Photoelektrochemische Proxesse und Photokatalyse an ZinkoxidSuspensionen und Zinkoxid-Deckschichten, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 76 (1972) 385-388. 116 K. Micka and H. Gerischer, Anodic photooxidation of formic acid and methanol at a zinc oxide electrode and the influence of anions, J. Electroanal. Chem., 38 (1972) 397-402. 117 H. Get&her, Electrochemical techniques for the study of photosensitization, Photochem. Photobiol., 16 (1972) 243-260. 118 J. Holxwarth, L. Strohmaier and H. Gerischer, Teilweise diffusionskontrolherte irreversible Redoxreaktionen zwischen verschiedenen Eisenkomplexen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 76 (1972) 1048-1051. 119 H. Gerischer, E. Meyer and J.K. Sass, Anodische Photostrome am Kontakt: MetaB/Elektrolyt, ausgelost durch angeregte Defektelektronen, Ber. .Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 76 (1972) 1191-1195. 120 H. Gerischer, F. Hein, M. Ltibke, E. Meyer, B. Pettinger and H.-R. Schappel, Der Einfl~ von mechanisch etxeugten Gitterdefekten auf das Randschichtverhalten des Kontaktes ZnO/Elektrolyt, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 77 (1973) 284-288. 121 H. Gerischer, B. Pettinger and H.-R. Schoppel, Charge transfer processes at the ZnO-electrolyte interface in R.S. Alwitt (Ed.), Proc. Symp. on Oxide-Electrolyte Interfaces, The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, 1973, pp. 124-142. 122 H. Gerischer and H. Selxle, Electrochemical investigations on spectral sensitisation of silver halide crystals, Electrochim. Acta, 18 (1973) 799-805. 123 D.M. Kolb and H. Gerischer, Differential reflectance spectroscopy studies of the cathodic decomposition of the II-VI compound semiconductors, Electrochim. Acta, 18 (1973) 987-994. 124 H. Gerischer, Elektrodenreaktionen mit angeregten elektronischen Zustiinden, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 77 (1973) 771-782. 125 B. Pettinger, H.-R. SchapPel and H. Gerischer, Tunneleffekte bei der spektralen Sensibilisienmg an hochdotierten ZnG-Elektroden, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 77 (1973) 960-966. 126 H. Gerischer, E. Meyer and J.K. Sass, Eine opt&he Methode zur kontinuierlichen Verfolgung langsamer Korrosionsvorgiinge, We&t. Korros., 25 (1974) 235-238. 127 B. Pettinger, H.-R. Schoppel and H. Gerischer, Tunnelhng processes at highly doped ZnO electrodes in contact with aqueous electrolytes. I. Electron exchange with the conduction band, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 78 (1974) 450-455.

12 128 H. Gerischer, D.M. Kolb and M. Przasnyski, Chemisorption of metal atoms on metal surfaces m correlation to work function differences, Surf. Sci., 43 (1974) 662-666. 129 D.M. Kolb, M. Przasnyslu and H. Gerischer, Underpotential deposition of metals and work function differences, J. Electroanal. Chem., 54 (1974) 25-38. 130 J.K. Sass, R.K. Sen, E. Meyer and H. Gerischer, Effect of surface plasmon excitation on photoemission and photooxidation processes at a silver-electrolyte interface, Surf. Sci., 44 (1974) 515-528. 131 D.M. Kolb, M. Przasnyski and H. Gerischer, Optical interfacial electron transfer between metal adatoms and a semiconductor electrode, 2. Phys. Chem. N.F.. 93 (1974) l-14. 132 B. Pettinger, H.-R. Schoppel, T. Yokoyama and H. Gerischer, Tunnelling processes at highly doped ZnO electrodes in aqueous electrolytes. Part II: Electron exchange with the valence band, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 78 (1974) 1024-1030. 133 P. Bindra, H. Gerischer and L.M. Peter, The dependence of the rate of the Fe(CN)i-/Fe(CN)zcouple on ionic strength in concentrated solutions, J. Electroanal. Chem., 57 (1974) 435-438. 134 H. Gerischer, Electrochemical photo and solar cells - principles and some experiments, J. Electroanal. Chem.. 58 (1975) 263-274. 135 H. Gerischer, B. Pettmger and M. Ltibke, On the role of electronic surface states in electrochemical reactions. Proc. Electrocatalysis, San Francisco, 1974. The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, 1974, pp. 162-177. 136 K. Doblhofer and H. Gerischer, Electrochemiluminescence of inorganic salt solutions in hexamethylphosphotriamide, Electrochim. Acta, 20 (1975) 215-219. 137 H. Gerischer, Nachruf auf Klaus J. Vetter, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 79 (1975) 113-115. 138 H. Gerischer, Intermediates in electrochemical reactions, Faraday Discuss., 56 (1974) 7-15. 139 H. Gerischer, Photochemistry of adsorbed species, Faraday Discuss., 58 (1974) 219-236. 140 D.M. Kolb and H. Gerischer, Further aspects concerning the correlation between underpotential deposition and work function differences, Surf. Sci., 51 (1975) 323-327. 141 W. Schulze, D.M. Kolb and H. Gerischer, Optical absorption spectra of matrix isolated silver atoms and their dependence on matrix properties, J. Chem. Sot. Faraday Trans. 2. 71 (1975) 1763-1771. 142 K. Doblhofer and H. Gerischer, Micro-gas-discharges as source of cathodic electroluminescence in non-aqueous solutions, J. Electroanal. Chem., 65 (1975) 101-113. 143 H. Gerischer and F. Willig, Reactions of excited dye molecules at electrodes, in F.L. Boschke (Ed.), Topics in Current Chemistry. Vol. 61: Physical and Chemical Applications of Dyestuffs, SpringerVerlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1976, pp. 31-84. 144 H. Gerischer, Ion transfer at the interface between an electronic and ionic conductor, in M. Kleitz and J. Dupuy (Eds.), Electrode Processes in Solid State Iomcs, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1976, pp. 277-308. 145 J.K. Sass. E. Meyer and H. Gerischer, Ein photoelektrochemisches Verfahren zur Untersuchung der freien Weghahgen angeregter Elektronen und angeregter Defektelektronen in Metallen, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 79 (1975) 1077-1081. 146 H. Gerischer and M. Lttbke. Lijschung von Farbstoff-sensibilisierten Photostromen an HalbleiterElektroden durch geringe Mengen elektrolytisch abgeschiedener Metalle, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F.. 98 (1975) 317-326. 147 H. Gerischer, Effects of electromc excitation on reaction rates at the solid-electrolyte interface, Isr. J. Chem., 14 (1975) 138-153. 148 H. Gerischer and J. Gobrecht, On the power characteristics of electrochemical solar cells, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 80 (1976) 327-330. 149 B. Pettinger, H.-R. Schoppel and H. Gerischer, Electroluminescence at semiconductor electrodes caused by hole injection from electrolytes, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 80 (1976) 849-855. 150 H. Gerischer, Electron transfer and electrocatalysis, in A.D. Franklin (Ed.), Electrocatalysis on Non-Metallic Surfaces, NBS Spec. Publ. 455, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1976, pp. l-19. 151 L.M. Peter, W. Dtirr, P. Bindra and H. Gerischer, The influence of alkali metal cations on the rate of the Fe(CN)z-/Fe(CN)ielectrode process, J. Electroanal. Chem., 71 (1976) 31-50.

13 152 H. Gerischer, Elektrochemische Systeme zur Photolyse des Wassers mittels Somrenenergie, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 80 (1976) 1046-1048. 153 H. Tributsch and H. Gerischer, The oxidation and self-heating of metal sulphides as an electrochemical corrosion phenomenon, J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol., 26 (1976) 747-761. 154 H. Gerischer, Power generation by photoelectrolysis, in J.R. Bolton (Ed.), Solar Power and Fuels. Proc. First Int. Conf. on the Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, Academic Press, New York, 1977, pp. 77-112. 155 P. Bindra, H. Gerischer and D.M. Kolb, Electrolytic deposition of thin metal films on semiconductor substrates, J. Electrochem. Sot., 124 (1977) 1012-1018. 156 H. Gerischer, On the stability of semiconductor electrodes against photodecomposition, J. Electroanal. Chem., 82 (1977) 133-143. 157 D.M. Tenth and H. Gerischer, The phototransition in ZnO at 380 nm studied by anodic photocurrents, J. Electrochem. Sot., 124 (1977) 1612-1618. 158 D.M. Kolb, M. Przasnyski and H. Gerischer, Influence of halide ions on the underpotential deposition of metal monolayers, Elektrokhimiya, 13 (1977) 700-705 (Russ.); Sov. Electrochem., 13 (1977) 600-604 (Engl.). 159 H. Gerischer, Semiconductor electrodes for conversion and storage of solar energy, in J.D.E. McIntyre, S. Srinivasan and F.G. Will (Eds.), Electrode Materials and Processes for Energy Conversion and Storage, Proc. 77-6, The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, 1977, pp. 8-29. 160 H. Gerischer, The photoelectrochemical cell: Principles, energetics and electrode stability, in A. Heller (Ed.), Semiconductor-Liquid Junction Solar Cells, Proc. 77-3, The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, 1977, pp. 1-19. 161 H. Gerischer, Photovoltaic phenomena in electrochemical cells, in P.A. Rock (Ed.), Special Topics in Electrochemistry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1977, pp. 35-61. 162 F. Di Quarto, K. Doblhofer and H. Gerischer, Instability of anodically formed TiO, layers, Electrochim. Acta, 23 (1978) 195-201. 163 J.K. Sass and H. Gerischer, Interfacial photoemission, in J.B. Feuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis (Eds.), Photoemission and the Electronic Properties of Surfaces, Wiley, Chichester, 1978, pp. 469-500. 164 H. Gerischer, Electrochemistry of the excited electronic state, J. Electrochem. Sot., 125 (1978) 218C-226C. 165 M. Spitler, M. Ltibke and H. Get&her, The role of triplet states in dye sensitization of ZnO Electrodes, Chem. Phys. Lett., 56 (1978) 577-581. 166 H. Gerischer and J. Gobrecht, Instability of CdSe and CdS photoanodes in sulfide-polysulfide electrolyte, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 82 (1978) 520-522. 167 H. Gerischer, D.M. Kolb and J.K. Sass, The study of solid surfaces by electrochemical methods, Adv. Phys., 27 (1978) 437-498. 168 H. Gerischer, Electrolytic decomposition and photodecomposition of compound semiconductors in contact with electrolytes, J. Vat. Sci. Technol., 15 (1978) 1422-1428. 169 T. Yamase, H. Gerischer, M. Liibke and B. Pettinger, Involvement of surface states in the spectral sensitization of zinc oxide electrodes, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 82 (1978) 1041-1046. 170 K. Doblhofer, M. Metikos, Z. Ogumi and H. Gerischer, Electrochemical oxidation and reductron of the RuO,/Ti electrode surface, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 82 (1978) 1046-1050. 171 H.O. Beckmann, H. Gerischer, D.M. Kolb and G. Lehmpfuhl. RHEED investigations of copper deposition on gold in the underpotential region, Faraday Discuss., 12 (1978) 51-58. 172 J. Gobrecht, H. Gerischer and H. Tributsch, Electrochemical solar cell based on the d-band semiconductor tungsten diselenide, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 82 (1978) 1331-1335. 173 J. Gobrecht, H. Tributsch and H. Gerischer, Performance of synthetical n-MoSe, in electrochemical solar cells, J. Electrochem. Sot., 125 (1978) 2085-2086. 174 H. Gerischer, Obituary Hellmuth Fischer (190221976), J. Appl. Electrochem., 9 (1979) 143-145. 175 H. Gerischer, Solar photoelectrolysis with semiconductor electrodes, in B.O. Seraphin (Ed.), Topics in Applied Physics, Vol. 31: Solar Energy Conversion, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1979, pp. 115-172.

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176 F. WiIlig, B. Thomas and H. Gerischer, Electron transfer to Ag+ and A&l; and deposition of Ag and Au at the surface and aromatic hydrocarbon crystals, J. Electroanal. Chem., 100 (1979) 501-512. 177 H. Gerischer, Light-induced charge separation at the solid/electrolyte interface, in H. Gerischer and J.J. Katz (Eds.), Light-Induced Charge Separation in Biology and Chemistry, Dahlem Konferenzen Berlin, 1978, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1979, pp. 61-86. 178 H. Tributsch, H. Get&her, C. Clement and E. Bucher, On the photopotential output of electrochemical solar cells based on layer-type d-band semiconductors, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 83 (1979) 655-658. 179 T. Yamase, H. Get&her, M. Liibke and B. Pettinger, Spectral sensitization of ZnO electrodes by methylene blue, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem., 83 (1979) 658-663. 180 M. Spitler, M. Liibke and H. Gerischer, Studies of dye photooxidation at semiconductor electrodes using attenuated total reflection techniques, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 83 (1979) 663-666. 181 S.M. Ahmed and H. Gerischer, Influence of crystal surface orientation on redox reactions at semiconducting MO&, Electrochim. Acta, 24 (1979) 705-711. 182 W. Kautek, H. Gerischer and H. Tributsch, The role of surface orientation in the photoelectrochemical behavior of layer type d-band semiconductors, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 83 (1979) 1000-1008. 183 J. Gobrecht and H. Gerischer, Schottky barrier height, photovoltage and photocurrent in Iiquidjunction solar cells, Sol. Energy Mater., 2 (1979) 131-142. 184 Y. Nakato, H. Gerischer and B. Pettinger, Acid-base properties and fluorescence of organic molecules adsorbed at silica-electrolyte interfaces, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 113 (1978) 57-69. 185 H. Gerischer, Photoelectrochemical solar cells, in R. van Overstraeten and W. Palz (Eds.), Proc. 2nd EC. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conf., Berlin, 1979, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 1979, pp. 408-431. 186 H. Gerischer, M.T. SpitIer and F. Willig, Electrode reactions of excited molecules, in S. Bruckenstein, J.D.E. McIntyre, B. Miller and E. Yeager (Eds.), Electrode Processes, Boston 1979, Proc. 80-3, The Eiectrochemical Society, Princeton, 180, pp. 115-135. 187 H. Gerischer, J. Gobrecht and J. Turner, The photoelectrochemistry of gallium selenide, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 84 (1980) 596-601. 188 W. Kautek and H. Get&her, Photoelectrochemical reactions and formation of inversion layers at n-type MO&-, MoSe,-, and WSe,-electrodes in aprotic solvents, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 84 (1980) 645-653. 189 H. Gerischer, Photoassisted interfacial electron transfer, Surf. Sci., 101 (1980) 518-530. 190 W. Kautek, J. Gobrecht and H. Gerischer, The applicability of semiconducting layered materials for electrochemical solar energy conversion, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 84 (1980) 1034-1040. 191 H. Gerischer, Heterogeneous electrochemical systems for solar energy conversion, Pure Appl. Chem., 52 (1980) 2649-2667. 192 W. Kautek, H. Gerischer and H. Tributsch, The role of carrier diffusion and indirect optical transitions in the photoelectrochemical behavior of layer type d-band semiconductors, J. Electrothem. Sot., 127 (1980) 2471-2478. 193 H. Wetzel and H. Gerischer, Surface enhanced Raman scattering from pyridine and halide ions adsorbed on silver and gold sol particles, Chem. Phys. Lett., 76 (1980) 460-464. 194 T. Watanabe and H. Gerischer, Photoelectrochemical studies on gold electrodes with surface oxide layers. Part I. Photocurrent measurement in the visible region, J. Electroanal. Chem., 117 (1981) 185-200. 195 H. Gerischer, N. MUler and 0. Haas, Gn the mechanism of hydrogen evolution at GaAs electrodes, J. Electroanal. Chem., 119 (1981) 41-48. 196 H. Wetzel, H. Gerischer and B. Pettinger, Surface enhanced Raman scattering from silver-halide and silver-pyridine vibrations and the role of silver ad-atoms, Chem. Phys. Lett., 78 (1981) 392-397. 197 H. Gerischer, The influence of surface orientation and crystal imperfections on photoelectrochemical reactions at semiconductor electrodes, in A.J. Noxik (Ed.), Photoeffects at Semiconductor Electrolyte Interfaces. ACS Symposium Series, No. 146, American Chemical Society, Houston, 1981, pp. 1-16.

15 198 N. Mtiller, F. Willig and H. Gerischer, Reduction of the excited singlet state of chlorophyll and pheophytin at the organic crystal/aqueous solution interface, Photo&em. Photobiol., 34 (1981) 83-88. 199 T. Watanabe and H. Gerischer, Photoelectrochemical studies on gold electrodes with surface oxide layers. Part II. Di s&ruination between the surface photoprocess and photohole emission, J. Electroanal. Chem., 122 (1981) 73-91. 200 H. Wetxel, H. Gerischer and B. Pettinger, Surfacsenhanced Raman scattering from silver-cyanide and silver-tbiocyanate vibrations and the importance of adatoms, Chem. Phys. L.&t., 80 (1981) 159-162. 201 H. Gerischer, Elektrochemische Nutxung der Somrenenergie, Wissenschafthche Beitrgge der KarlMarx-UniversitItt Leipzig, Reihe Naturwissenschaften, zum 125. Geburtstag von Wilhelm Oshvald, Hrsg. Der Rektor der Karl-Marx-Universitgt Leipzig, September 1978, PGH Grafik-Druck, Leipzig, 1980, pp. 51-78. 202 H. Gerischer, Photodecomposition of semiconductors. Thermodynamics, kinetics and application to solar cells, Faraday Discuss., 70 (1981) 137-151. 203 H. Gerischer and H. Strehlow, Bemerkungen zu H.G. Hertz, A new estimate of H+ ion concentration in pure water, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 85 (1981) 455-456. 204 H. Get&her, Elektrochemische Nutxung von Somienenergie, Umschau, 81 (1981) 428-431. 205 H. Gerischer and M. Ltibke, The influence of crystallographic anisotropy on photocurrents at GaSe electrodes, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 85 (1981) 709-713. 206 W. Kautek and H. Gerischer, The photoelectrcchemistry of the aqueous iodide/iodine redox system at n-type MoSe,-electrodes, Electrochim. Acta, 26 (1981) 1771-1778. 207 H. Gerlscher, The principles of photoelectrochemical energy conversion, in F. Cardon, W.P. Gomes, W. Dekeyser (Eds.), Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion, NATO AS1 Summer School, August 1980, Gent, Belgium, Vol. B69, Plenum Press, New York, 1981, pp. 199-262. 208 C.D. Jaeger, H. Gerischer and W. Kautek, Formation of an inversion layer in n-type MoSez electrodes: Observation in the presence of highly oxidizing redox systems, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 86 (1982) 20-25. 209 W. Kautek and H. Gerischer, A kinetic derivation of the photovoltage for electrochemical solar cells employing small-band-gap semiconductors, Electrochim. Acta, 27 (1982) 355-358. 210 H. Wetrel, H. Gerischer and B. Pettinger, Comparison of the potential dependence of the surfaceenhanced Raman effect at colloid silver particles and bulk silver electrodes, Chem. Phys. Lett., 85 (1982) 187-189. 211 D.K. Roe, Li Wenxhao and H. Gerischer, Electrochemical deposition of cadmium sulfide from DMSO solution, J. Electroanal. Chem., 136 (1982) 323-337. 212 W. Kautek and H. Get&her, Reactivity of water in the oxidation of n-type MoSe, single crystal electrodes, J. Electroanal. Chem., 137 (1982) 239-245. 213 W. Kautek and H. Gerischer, The impedance of the n-MoSe,/acetonitrile interface: a kinetic and energetic characterization, Electrochim. Acta, 27 (1982) 1035-1042. 214 0. Haas, N. Mtiller and H. Gerischer, Mediated electron transfer demonstrated with [Ru(bipy),Cl poly(4-vinylpyridine)]Cl coated MoSe, and WSea photoanode, Electrochim. Acta, 27 (1982) 991-994. 215 W. Kautek and H. Gerischer, Anisotropic photocorrosion of n-type MoSa, MoSe,, and WSe, single crystal surfaces: the role of cleavage steps, line and screw dislocations, Surf. Sci., 119 (1982) 46-60. 216 F. Decker, J. Melseheimer and H. Gerischer, Semiconductor-oxide heterojunctions as electrodes in photoelectrochemical cells, Hr. J. Chem., 22 (1982) 195-198. 217 H. Gerischer, F. Decker and W. Kautek, Semiconductor electrodes in contact with aqueous and non-aqueous redox-electrolytes for photovoltaic solar energy conversion, in D.O. Hall and W. Palx (Eds.), Proc. EC Contractors’ Meeting, Cadarache, France, October 1981, Solar Energy R&D in the European Community Dl, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1982, pp. 88-92. 218 H. Gerischer, Etectrochemical behavior of semiconductors under illumination, Curr. Contents, Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci., 14 (1983) 18.

16 219 H. Gerischer and M. Liibke, Competition between photocorrosion and photooxidatton of redox systems at n-type semiconductor electrodes, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 87 (183) 123-128. 220 T. Yamase and H. Gerischer, Electroluminescence transients at ZnO-electrodes by hole mJection dunng persulfate reduction. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 87 (1983) 349-352. 221 H. Gerischer, Chemische Methoden der Wasserspaltung und die Nutzung von Wasserstoff als Energietrager, m H.A. Staab et al. (Eds.), Fortschrittsberichte aus Naturwissenschaft und Medizin: Mannheim 19-22 Sept. 1982. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Arzte. Bd. 112, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart, 1983, pp. 111-132. 222 H. Gerischer, F. Decker and M. Liibke, Semiconductor electrodes in contact with aqueous redoxelectrolytes for photovoltaic solar energy conversion, in D.O. Hall, W. Palz and D. Pirrwitz (Eds.), Proc. EC Contractors’ Meeting, Brussels, Belgium, December 1982, Solar Energy R&D in the European Community D2, Reidel, Dordrecht. 1983, pp. 92-99. 223 H. Gerischer, Report of session II - Photoelectrochemistry, in D.O. Hall, W. Palz and D. Pirrwitz (Eds.), Proc. EC Contractors’ Meeting, Brussels, Belgium, December 1982, Solar Energy R&D in the European Community D2, Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, 1983, pp. 26-33. 224 B. Bressel and H. Gerischer, Effect of surface hydrolysis at tin dioxide polycrystalline thin ftlm electrodes on dye sensitization quantum efficiency, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 87 (1983) 3988403. 225 F. Decker, B. Pettinger and H. Gerischer. Hole injection and electroluminescence of n-GaAs in the presence of aqueous redox electrolytes. J. Electrochem. Sot., 130 (1983) 1335-1339. 226 H. Gerischer, The role of semiconductor structure and surface properties in photoelectrochemical processes, J. Electroanal. Chem.. 150 (1983) 553-569. 227 H. Gerischer and W. Ekardt, Fermi levels in electrolytes and the absolute scale of redox potenttals, Appl. Phys. Lett., 43 (1983) 393-395. 228 H. Genscher, Photoelectrochermcal energy conversion with semiconductors, m A.M. Braun (Ed.), Photochemical Conversions, IOCD-UNESCO, EPFL, Lausanne, June 1983, Presses Polytechniques Romandes, Lausanne, 1983. pp. 211-233. 229 H. Gerischer, M. Liibke and B. Bressel, Photoelectrochemical studies of nearly intrinsic semiconductors made possible by using photoconductivity, J. Electrochem. Sot., 130 (1983) 2112-2115. 230 F. Decker, M. Fracastoro-Decker. W. Badawy, K. Doblhofer and H. Gerischer, The photocurrent-voltage characteristics of the heterqunction combination n-Si/SnO,/redoxelectrolyte, J. Electrochem. Sot., 130 (1983) 2173-2179. 231 H. von Kanel. E. Kaldis, P. Wachter and H. Gerischer, The insulator-electrolyte interface: photoelectrochemistry of red HgI,, J. Electrochem. Sot., 131 (1984) 77-82. 232 H.J. Lewerenz, H. Gerischer and M. Liibke, Photoelectrochemistry of WSe, electrodes. Comparison of stepped and smooth surfaces, J. Electrochem. Sot., 131 (1984) 100-104. 233 H. Gerischer, Photoelectrochemical energy conversion, in H. Griinewald (Ed.), Chemistry for the Future. Proc. 29th IUPAC Congress, Cologne, 5-10 June 1983, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1984, pp. 11-21. 234 0. Hofmann, K. Doblhofer and H. Gerischer, Infrared reflexion-absorption measurements on emersed gold electrodes, J. Electroanal. Chem., 161 (1984) 337-344. 235 T. Watanabe, S. Suzuki, K. Honda and H. Gerischer, Electronic states in liquids studied photoelectrochemically: photohole emission into HzO, Chem. Phys. Lett., 105 (1984) 12-16. 236 W. Kautek, F. Decker and H. Gerischer, Optical anisotropy of transition metal dichalcogenides - a photoelectrochemical determination. Phys. Status Sohdi, B, 122 (1984) 651-659. 237 H. Gerischer and D.M. Kolb, Electrochemical processes and solid state properties, in Anais do IV Simposio Brasileiro de Electroquimica e Eletroanalltica, Sao Carlos - SP, 15 a 18 de Abril 1984. Departamento de Quimica da Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Instituto de Fisica e Quimica de Sao Carlos da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 1984, pp. I-XV. 238 H. Gerischer, D. Ross and M. Liibke, Electrochemistry of n-type MoSe,: a comparison of photocorrosion and dissolution under high anodic bias, Z. Phys. Chem. N.F., 139 (1984) l-9. 239 R. McIntyre and H. Gerischer, Electron transfer reactions at n-Gap (100) and (111) in acetonitrile solutions facilitated by cation adsorption. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 88 (1984) 963-969.

17 240 W. Badawy, K. Doblhofer, I. Eiselt, H. Gerischer, S. Krause and J. Melsheimer, The electrode properties of polycrystalline SnO, containing up to 10% Sb or Ru oxides, Electrochim. Acta, 29 (1984) 1617-1623. 241 H. Gerischer, A mechanism of electron-hole pair separation in illuminated semiconductor particles, J. Phys. Chem., 88 (1984) 6096-6097. 242 H. Gerischer, Comments on “Effects of the Hehnholtz layer capacitance on the potential distribution at semiconductor/electrolyte interface and the linearity of the Mot&Schottky plot” by K. Uosaki and H. Kita, J. Electrochem. Sot., 131 (1984) 2452-2453. 243 H. Gerischer, Semiconductor electrodes and their interaction with light, in M. Schiavello (Ed.), Photoelectrochemistry, Photocatalysis and Photoreactors, NATO AS1 Series C. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 146, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1985, pp. 39-106. 244 R. McIntyre, B. Smandek and H. Geriscber, Electroluminescence studies of n-Gap (100) and (111) in acetonitrile solutions, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 89 (1985) 78-81. 245 D. Scherson, W. Ekardt and H. Get&her, Comments on “Electronic states in solution and charge transfer” by S.U.M. Khan and JG’M. Bockris, J. Phys. Chem., 89 (1985) 554-555. 246 H. Gerischer and D.A. Scherson, On the shape of the cyclic voltammetry peaks of species irreversibly adsorbed on electrode surfaces, J. Electroanal. Chem., 188 (1985) 33-38. 247 H. Get&her and R. McIntyre, A study of the charge and potential distribution at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface for the condition of degeneracy, J. Chem. Phys., 83 (1985) 1363-1370. 248 G.A. Scholz and H. Gerischer, Electroreflection measurements on semiconductor/electrolyte interfaces to determine the voltage distribution, J. Electrochem. Sot., 132 (1985) 1643-1648. 249 B. Smandek and H. Gerischer, Spectral dependence of photo- and electroluminescence on minority carrier concentration in the n-GaP/electrolyte system, Electrochim. Acta, 30 (1985) 1101-1107. 250 H. Gerischer and B. Bressel, Photoelectrochemical studies of dye sensitization at silver chloride single crystals, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 89 (1985) 1083-1087. 251 H. Gerischer, An interpretation of the double layer capacity of graphite electrodes in relation to the density of states at the Fermi level, J. Phys. Chem., 89 (1985) 4249-4251. 252 T. Solomun, R. McIntyre, W. Richtering and H. Gerischer, Surface stoichiometric changes of n-GaAs after anodic treatment: an XPS study, Surf. Sci., 169 (1986) 414-424. 253 H. Gerischer and M. Lttbke, A particle size effect in the sensitization of TiO, electrodes by a CdS deposit, J. Electroanal. Chem., 204 (1986) 225-227. 254 H. Gerischer, M. Ltibke and N. Sorg, A study of the chemical dissolution of semiconductors in aqueous electrolytes with zinc oxide as example, 2. Phys. Chem. N.F. (Frankfurt), 148 (1986) 11-19.