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Hepatitis E virus surveillance from 2004 to 2012: Data from the Chinese Emergency Events Reporting System
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Abstracts / Journal of Clinical Virology 69 (2015) 223–246
Findings: Genotyping of 43 samples for core/E1 gene of HCV revealed 37 samples (86.0%) were genotype 1b, 3 (7.0%) were genotype 3a, 2 (4.7%) were genotype 1a, and 1 (2.3%) was genotype 1d. Sequencing of these same samples using NS5 regions of the genome HCV detected genotype 1b in 24 samples (85.7%), genotype 3a in 3 (10.7%) samples, and genotype 1a in 1 (3.6%) sample. For the first time in the country 1d/1b recombinant form HCV was detected in a patient. In this case, the core/E1 region of the genome reference sequence belonged to 1d subtype, but the NS5 region belonged to 1b subtype. The first performed phylogenetic study of 250 samples of 1b subtype of HCV from patients in different regions of Belarus showed that all nucleotide sequences belonging to patients with malignant hematological diseases form a separate cluster group. This probably indicates the possibility of multiple infections with different 1b subtypes of HCV. Interpretation: In children with malignant diseases who are infected with HCV, the major HCV subtype is 1b, and 3a and 1a are rarer subtypes in these patients. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.032 P0026 Sequence diversity of hepatitis C virus in Belarus E. Gasich 1,∗ , V. Eremin 1 , S. Sasinovich 1 , M. Domnich 1 , A. Nemira 1 , V. Pashkovich 2 , N. Biskina 2 1 The Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 The Republican Centre for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, Minsk, Belarus
Background: The aim of the study is to identify genotypes/subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Belarus by sequence analysis of two genome regions. Methods: During 2008–2013, 525 plasma samples from HCVinfected patients in Belarus were analysed by sequencing of the core/E1 region of the HCV genome, and 92 samples were analysed by sequencing of the NS5 region. Findings: The analysis of the results of sequencing the core/E1 region showed that the most common subtypes are 1b and 3a. 58.4% (307) of the samples were subtype 1b, and 30.1% (158) were subtype 3a. 7.2% (38) of patient samples had subtype 1a. In 2.1% (11) of patients, the 2k subtype was identified, which until 2011 was not known. Subtypes 2a (0.6%), 2c (1.0%), and 4d (0.6%) were found in individual cases. Molecular genetic studies performed on the NS5 region confirmed the above results. Thus, the 1b subtype accounted for more than half of all cases (52.2%, n = 48), 25.5% of the investigated samples belonged to subtype 3a, and 15.2% belonged to subtype 1a. Subtypes 2a (2.2%) and 2c (1.1%) have been identified in several patients. When analysing the samples belonging to subtype 2k, 4 of the 9 samples were on the phylogenetic branch belonging to subtype 2k and 5 were on the branch belonging to subtype 1b. All sequences were genetically heterogeneous, reflecting independent infection. Phylogenetic characterisation of recombinants 2k/1b shows that they have a close relationship with isolates from St Petersburg, isolated from HIV-infected patients. Interpretation: The proposed method of genotyping HCV structural (core/E1) and nonstructural (NS5) regions of HCV genes can improve the quality of diagnosis and improve the system of surveillance for the distribution and circulation of different variants of the virus. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.033
P0027 Hepatitis E virus surveillance from 2004 to 2012: Data from the Chinese Emergency Events Reporting System L. Chen 1,2,3,∗ , L. Wei 1,2,3 1
Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China 3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing, China 2
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis. HEV infection has poor prognosis in pregnant women and patients with chronic liver disease. We reviewed reported cases of HEV infection in China during the period from 2004 to 2012. Methods: Data from the Chinese Emergency Events Reporting System from 2004 to 2012 were retrieved from China Public Health Science Data Center. Data were reviewed and epidemiologic characteristics were analysed. Findings: The incidence of HEV infection from 2004 to 2012 was 3.03, 1.20, 1.45, 1.57, 1.40, 1.53, 1.77, 2.18, and 2.02 per 105 per year. A marked decline of incidence was observed from 2004 to 2005, and an increase was observed from 2005 to 2012. Unlike hepatitis A, the incidence of which is higher in children aged <10 years than other populations, the highest incidence of HEV infection from 2004 to 2012 occurred in the senior population of people older than 55 years. The average annual incidence rate was higher in eastern provinces of China than in western provinces. Incidence rates in Beijing, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Hubei Provinces (mainly in eastern China) were high (average annual incidence rate >2.5/105 per year). Incidence rates in Henan, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, and Ningxia (mainly in western and central China) provinces were low (average annual incidence rate <1/105 per year). Interpretation: Unlike hepatitis A, the incidence of which has been declining significantly since 1990, partly due to vaccination, the incidence of HEV infection increased from 2005 to 2012. The senior population older than 55 years has the highest incidence rate. Incidence rates were higher in eastern provinces of China than that in western provinces. Our data review may contribute to HEV vaccination strategy-making in China. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.034
Abstracts / Journal of Clinical Virology 69 (2015) 223–246
Findings: Genotyping of 43 samples for core/E1 gene of HCV revealed 37 samples (86.0%) were genotype 1b, 3 (7.0%) were genotype 3a, 2 (4.7%) were genotype 1a, and 1 (2.3%) was genotype 1d. Sequencing of these same samples using NS5 regions of the genome HCV detected genotype 1b in 24 samples (85.7%), genotype 3a in 3 (10.7%) samples, and genotype 1a in 1 (3.6%) sample. For the first time in the country 1d/1b recombinant form HCV was detected in a patient. In this case, the core/E1 region of the genome reference sequence belonged to 1d subtype, but the NS5 region belonged to 1b subtype. The first performed phylogenetic study of 250 samples of 1b subtype of HCV from patients in different regions of Belarus showed that all nucleotide sequences belonging to patients with malignant hematological diseases form a separate cluster group. This probably indicates the possibility of multiple infections with different 1b subtypes of HCV. Interpretation: In children with malignant diseases who are infected with HCV, the major HCV subtype is 1b, and 3a and 1a are rarer subtypes in these patients. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.032 P0026 Sequence diversity of hepatitis C virus in Belarus E. Gasich 1,∗ , V. Eremin 1 , S. Sasinovich 1 , M. Domnich 1 , A. Nemira 1 , V. Pashkovich 2 , N. Biskina 2 1 The Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Belarus 2 The Republican Centre for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, Minsk, Belarus
Background: The aim of the study is to identify genotypes/subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Belarus by sequence analysis of two genome regions. Methods: During 2008–2013, 525 plasma samples from HCVinfected patients in Belarus were analysed by sequencing of the core/E1 region of the HCV genome, and 92 samples were analysed by sequencing of the NS5 region. Findings: The analysis of the results of sequencing the core/E1 region showed that the most common subtypes are 1b and 3a. 58.4% (307) of the samples were subtype 1b, and 30.1% (158) were subtype 3a. 7.2% (38) of patient samples had subtype 1a. In 2.1% (11) of patients, the 2k subtype was identified, which until 2011 was not known. Subtypes 2a (0.6%), 2c (1.0%), and 4d (0.6%) were found in individual cases. Molecular genetic studies performed on the NS5 region confirmed the above results. Thus, the 1b subtype accounted for more than half of all cases (52.2%, n = 48), 25.5% of the investigated samples belonged to subtype 3a, and 15.2% belonged to subtype 1a. Subtypes 2a (2.2%) and 2c (1.1%) have been identified in several patients. When analysing the samples belonging to subtype 2k, 4 of the 9 samples were on the phylogenetic branch belonging to subtype 2k and 5 were on the branch belonging to subtype 1b. All sequences were genetically heterogeneous, reflecting independent infection. Phylogenetic characterisation of recombinants 2k/1b shows that they have a close relationship with isolates from St Petersburg, isolated from HIV-infected patients. Interpretation: The proposed method of genotyping HCV structural (core/E1) and nonstructural (NS5) regions of HCV genes can improve the quality of diagnosis and improve the system of surveillance for the distribution and circulation of different variants of the virus. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.033
P0027 Hepatitis E virus surveillance from 2004 to 2012: Data from the Chinese Emergency Events Reporting System L. Chen 1,2,3,∗ , L. Wei 1,2,3 1
Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, China 3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing, China 2
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis. HEV infection has poor prognosis in pregnant women and patients with chronic liver disease. We reviewed reported cases of HEV infection in China during the period from 2004 to 2012. Methods: Data from the Chinese Emergency Events Reporting System from 2004 to 2012 were retrieved from China Public Health Science Data Center. Data were reviewed and epidemiologic characteristics were analysed. Findings: The incidence of HEV infection from 2004 to 2012 was 3.03, 1.20, 1.45, 1.57, 1.40, 1.53, 1.77, 2.18, and 2.02 per 105 per year. A marked decline of incidence was observed from 2004 to 2005, and an increase was observed from 2005 to 2012. Unlike hepatitis A, the incidence of which is higher in children aged <10 years than other populations, the highest incidence of HEV infection from 2004 to 2012 occurred in the senior population of people older than 55 years. The average annual incidence rate was higher in eastern provinces of China than in western provinces. Incidence rates in Beijing, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Hubei Provinces (mainly in eastern China) were high (average annual incidence rate >2.5/105 per year). Incidence rates in Henan, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, and Ningxia (mainly in western and central China) provinces were low (average annual incidence rate <1/105 per year). Interpretation: Unlike hepatitis A, the incidence of which has been declining significantly since 1990, partly due to vaccination, the incidence of HEV infection increased from 2005 to 2012. The senior population older than 55 years has the highest incidence rate. Incidence rates were higher in eastern provinces of China than that in western provinces. Our data review may contribute to HEV vaccination strategy-making in China. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.034