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Hexyl propionate
Fragrance raw materials monographs
357
HONEYSUCKLE ABSOLUTE Synonyms: Chevrefeuille absolute; Lonicera absolute. CAS Registry No. 8023-93-6 Description: An olive-green liquid. Occurrence: Found in the flowers of Lonicera caprifolium and other related Lonicera species (Fam. Caprifoliaceae) (Guenther, 1952). Preparation: By extraction of the flowers of Lonicera caprifolium and other related Lonicera species (Guenther, 1952).
Status The Council of Europe (1981) included honeysuckle in the list of plants and parts thereof that are temporarily acceptable for use in foods.
Biological data Irritation. A 48-hr closed-patch test at a concentration of 3% in petrolatum on the backs of 26 volunteers produced no irritation (Epstein, 1979). Sensitization. A maximization test (Kligman, 1966; Kligman & Epstein, 1975) was carried out on 26 volunteers. The material was tested at a concentration of 3% in petrolatum and produced no sensitization reactions (Epstein, 1979). This test concentration was based on a reported maximum concentration of 0.3% in consumer products. Phototoxicity. At a concentration of 100%, honeysuckle absolute produced minimal phototoxic effects when applied to the skin of hairless mice (Forbes & Davies, 1979). However, when completely saturated in benzene or at a concentration of 50% in benzene, or at concentrations of 12.5, 50 or 70% in methanol it did not produce phototoxic effects in hairless mice (Forbes & Davies, 1980). Mutagenesis studies. Honeysuckle absolute was tested for mutagenicity by the rec assay with Bacillus subtilis. At 100 mg honeysuckle absolute/ml in water or in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) no effects were observed (Morimoto et al. 1982). It was also tested in an Ames test (Ames et al. 1975) using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TAI00 with and without S-9 activation. Positive effects were observed at 100 mg/ml in water, but no effects were observed when the vehicle was DMSO (Morimoto et al. 1982).
References Ames, B. N., McCann, J. & Yamasaki, E. (1975). Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Res. 31, 347. Council of Europe (1981). Flavouring Substances and Natural Sources of Flavourings. Partial Agreement in the Social and Public Health Field. List N3, no. 266, p. 88. Editeur Maisonneuve S.A., Strasbourg. Epstein, W. L. (1979). Report to RIFM, 22 June. Forbes, P. D. & Davies, R. E. (1979). Report to RIFM, 12 December. Forbes, P. D. & Davies, R. E. (1980). Report to RIFM, 6 June. Guenther, E. (1952). The Essential Oils. Vol. V, p. 387. D. Van Nostrand, Inc., Princeton, NJ. Kligman, A. M. (1966). The identification of contact allergens by human assay. III. The maximization test. A procedure for screening and rating contact sensitizers. J. invest. Derm. 47, 393. Kligman, A. M. & Epstein, W. (1975). Updating the maximization test for identifying contact allergens. Contact Dermatitis 1, 231. Morimoto, I., Watanabe, F., Osawa, T. & Okitsu, T. (1982). Mutagenicity screening of crude drugs with Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella/microsome reversion assay. Mutation Res. 97, 81.
357
HONEYSUCKLE ABSOLUTE Synonyms: Chevrefeuille absolute; Lonicera absolute. CAS Registry No. 8023-93-6 Description: An olive-green liquid. Occurrence: Found in the flowers of Lonicera caprifolium and other related Lonicera species (Fam. Caprifoliaceae) (Guenther, 1952). Preparation: By extraction of the flowers of Lonicera caprifolium and other related Lonicera species (Guenther, 1952).
Status The Council of Europe (1981) included honeysuckle in the list of plants and parts thereof that are temporarily acceptable for use in foods.
Biological data Irritation. A 48-hr closed-patch test at a concentration of 3% in petrolatum on the backs of 26 volunteers produced no irritation (Epstein, 1979). Sensitization. A maximization test (Kligman, 1966; Kligman & Epstein, 1975) was carried out on 26 volunteers. The material was tested at a concentration of 3% in petrolatum and produced no sensitization reactions (Epstein, 1979). This test concentration was based on a reported maximum concentration of 0.3% in consumer products. Phototoxicity. At a concentration of 100%, honeysuckle absolute produced minimal phototoxic effects when applied to the skin of hairless mice (Forbes & Davies, 1979). However, when completely saturated in benzene or at a concentration of 50% in benzene, or at concentrations of 12.5, 50 or 70% in methanol it did not produce phototoxic effects in hairless mice (Forbes & Davies, 1980). Mutagenesis studies. Honeysuckle absolute was tested for mutagenicity by the rec assay with Bacillus subtilis. At 100 mg honeysuckle absolute/ml in water or in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) no effects were observed (Morimoto et al. 1982). It was also tested in an Ames test (Ames et al. 1975) using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TAI00 with and without S-9 activation. Positive effects were observed at 100 mg/ml in water, but no effects were observed when the vehicle was DMSO (Morimoto et al. 1982).
References Ames, B. N., McCann, J. & Yamasaki, E. (1975). Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Res. 31, 347. Council of Europe (1981). Flavouring Substances and Natural Sources of Flavourings. Partial Agreement in the Social and Public Health Field. List N3, no. 266, p. 88. Editeur Maisonneuve S.A., Strasbourg. Epstein, W. L. (1979). Report to RIFM, 22 June. Forbes, P. D. & Davies, R. E. (1979). Report to RIFM, 12 December. Forbes, P. D. & Davies, R. E. (1980). Report to RIFM, 6 June. Guenther, E. (1952). The Essential Oils. Vol. V, p. 387. D. Van Nostrand, Inc., Princeton, NJ. Kligman, A. M. (1966). The identification of contact allergens by human assay. III. The maximization test. A procedure for screening and rating contact sensitizers. J. invest. Derm. 47, 393. Kligman, A. M. & Epstein, W. (1975). Updating the maximization test for identifying contact allergens. Contact Dermatitis 1, 231. Morimoto, I., Watanabe, F., Osawa, T. & Okitsu, T. (1982). Mutagenicity screening of crude drugs with Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella/microsome reversion assay. Mutation Res. 97, 81.