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Histomorphometric study of lymph vessel distributions in oral tongue
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E-Poster Presentation
the bone cutting process. Neurapraxia can be caused by many other injury types, such as exposure, and dull sensation occurred by Neurapraxia cure entity in a short term. Nevertheless, Neurapraxia has not become a big research subject and its pathology is not well understood because only a few pathophysiological studies have been carried out. An ultrastructural study of the degeneration and the regeneration process of a rat’s sciatic nerve immediately after injury caused by the light touch by the ultrasonic scalpel and the normal condition of the nerve is reported in this study. Ultrasonic scalpel is mostly believed to be an harmless surgical instrument, but we have found that the Ultrasonic scalpel can cause peripheral nervous injury (like Neurapraxia), even after a very small interference (for example after a one second contact). A characteristic of a Neurapraxia lesion is that the Schwann sheath can be destroyed such as detaching of the Schwann sheath layer, discontinuity of the sheath had disappeared from surrounding axon and also the internal hernia of the sheath was often observed, even though the axon was mostly unaffected. We observed regeneration of the sheath and the sprouting of new axon. It is suggested that the function of a nerve affected by Neurapraxia will recover quickly and entirely in the very early stages of regeneration. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.300 Histomorphometric study of lymph vessel distributions in oral tongue C. Terada, T. Sato ∗ , S. Kataoka, Y. Kamiya, S. Tatehara, K. Satomura School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan Background: In the TNM classification by UICC, T category of oral cavity is determined by the greatest diameter. On the other hand, T category of oesophagus, stomach and intestines are based on the depth of invasion, and they are well correlated with the prognosis. Recent researches in tongue squamous cell carcinomas have shown that the depth of invasion is correlated with the lymph node metastasis which is one of the most important prognostic factors. Furthermore, lymphangiogenesis by carcinoma cells has been suggested to be related to lymph node metastasis. Objective: The authors hypothesized that the distribution of preexisting lymph vessels in each site and depth play some roles for lymphangiogenesis and/or nodal metastasis of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of this study is to clarify the anatomical distribution of lymph vessels in non-cancerous tongue. Methods: An immunohistochemcial staining of D2-40, which reacts with lymph vessel endothelium but not with blood vessel endothelium, was applied to the anterior, middle and posterior part of mobile tongue obtained from eleven archival cadavers. In each specimen, lymphatic vessel area (LVA), lymphatic vessel density (LVD) were calculated in four different depth, i.e. upper part of subepithelial connective tissue (UC), lower part of subepithelial connective tissue (LC), superficial muscle layer (SM), and deep muscle layer (DM). Findings: LVD and LVA were the largest in UC followed by LC, and they were greatly reduced in SM and DM. In any site of anterior, middle, posterior part of tongue, LVD and LVA showed the same trend. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.301
Microbiological investigation of the mandibular condyle in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint J. Savage 1,∗ , M. McCullough 2 , G. Dimitroulis 1 1
Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Dept of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2 Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Background: Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) may be primary (i.e., idiopathic) or secondary (i.e., trauma, iatrogenic etc). Recently, a microbial aetiology has been proposed as a possible cause or contributing factor to the mechanical degenerative changes associated with osteoarthritis of the TMJ. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of bacteria in fresh tissue samples of human mandibular condyles taken from patients suffering from advanced osteoarthritis of the TMJ. Methods: Twenty fresh tissue samples from the lateral condylar pole were taken from consecutive patients who underwent mandibular condylectomy for histologically proven advanced TMJ osteoarthritis (Dimitroulis, category 5 joints). The condylar tissue samples were stained and cultured for the presence of micro-organisms in microbiology laboratories. Results This study failed to identify the presence of bacteria in significant numbers or other micro-organisms in fresh mandibular condylar tissue specimens of the TMJ in patients with advanced TMJ osteoarthritis. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, the use of antimicrobial agents for the management of Osteoarthritis in the TMJ is not warranted. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.302 Operative therapy in stage 2 cases of MRONJ N. Sawai ∗ , E. Kubota, H. Iwabuchi Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa, Japan Background: Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) has become a well-known adverse reaction of bisphosphonate therapy and the other antiresorptive (denosmab) as well as antiangiogenic therapies. Strategies for management of patient with MRONJ are very important today. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to know how to treat the stage 2 cases of MRONJ. The failure of systemic antibiotic therapies in stage 2 has been reported as refractory cases. In such cases, operative procedure may be effective. Methods: We studied 17 patients who were given a diagnosis of MRONJ in stage 2 at Kanagawa Dental University from 2012 through 2014. The stage was determined by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) staging classification. Findings: The patients included 5 men (29.4%) and 12 women (70.6%). The age of patients ranged from 60 to 85 years old. The therapeutic backgrounds were grouped into three categories, 8 osteoporosis (47.0%), 7 malignancy (41.2%), 2 others (11.8%). Nine patients were operated on following antibiotic therapy. Eight patients received conservative therapy only. Seven out of nine cases undergone operation healed, 1/9 cases was down staged to stage 0, 1/9 cases was no change. Three out of 8 cases who underwent conservative therapy showed no change, 2/8 cases in
E-Poster Presentation
the bone cutting process. Neurapraxia can be caused by many other injury types, such as exposure, and dull sensation occurred by Neurapraxia cure entity in a short term. Nevertheless, Neurapraxia has not become a big research subject and its pathology is not well understood because only a few pathophysiological studies have been carried out. An ultrastructural study of the degeneration and the regeneration process of a rat’s sciatic nerve immediately after injury caused by the light touch by the ultrasonic scalpel and the normal condition of the nerve is reported in this study. Ultrasonic scalpel is mostly believed to be an harmless surgical instrument, but we have found that the Ultrasonic scalpel can cause peripheral nervous injury (like Neurapraxia), even after a very small interference (for example after a one second contact). A characteristic of a Neurapraxia lesion is that the Schwann sheath can be destroyed such as detaching of the Schwann sheath layer, discontinuity of the sheath had disappeared from surrounding axon and also the internal hernia of the sheath was often observed, even though the axon was mostly unaffected. We observed regeneration of the sheath and the sprouting of new axon. It is suggested that the function of a nerve affected by Neurapraxia will recover quickly and entirely in the very early stages of regeneration. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.300 Histomorphometric study of lymph vessel distributions in oral tongue C. Terada, T. Sato ∗ , S. Kataoka, Y. Kamiya, S. Tatehara, K. Satomura School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan Background: In the TNM classification by UICC, T category of oral cavity is determined by the greatest diameter. On the other hand, T category of oesophagus, stomach and intestines are based on the depth of invasion, and they are well correlated with the prognosis. Recent researches in tongue squamous cell carcinomas have shown that the depth of invasion is correlated with the lymph node metastasis which is one of the most important prognostic factors. Furthermore, lymphangiogenesis by carcinoma cells has been suggested to be related to lymph node metastasis. Objective: The authors hypothesized that the distribution of preexisting lymph vessels in each site and depth play some roles for lymphangiogenesis and/or nodal metastasis of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of this study is to clarify the anatomical distribution of lymph vessels in non-cancerous tongue. Methods: An immunohistochemcial staining of D2-40, which reacts with lymph vessel endothelium but not with blood vessel endothelium, was applied to the anterior, middle and posterior part of mobile tongue obtained from eleven archival cadavers. In each specimen, lymphatic vessel area (LVA), lymphatic vessel density (LVD) were calculated in four different depth, i.e. upper part of subepithelial connective tissue (UC), lower part of subepithelial connective tissue (LC), superficial muscle layer (SM), and deep muscle layer (DM). Findings: LVD and LVA were the largest in UC followed by LC, and they were greatly reduced in SM and DM. In any site of anterior, middle, posterior part of tongue, LVD and LVA showed the same trend. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.301
Microbiological investigation of the mandibular condyle in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint J. Savage 1,∗ , M. McCullough 2 , G. Dimitroulis 1 1
Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Dept of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2 Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Background: Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) may be primary (i.e., idiopathic) or secondary (i.e., trauma, iatrogenic etc). Recently, a microbial aetiology has been proposed as a possible cause or contributing factor to the mechanical degenerative changes associated with osteoarthritis of the TMJ. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of bacteria in fresh tissue samples of human mandibular condyles taken from patients suffering from advanced osteoarthritis of the TMJ. Methods: Twenty fresh tissue samples from the lateral condylar pole were taken from consecutive patients who underwent mandibular condylectomy for histologically proven advanced TMJ osteoarthritis (Dimitroulis, category 5 joints). The condylar tissue samples were stained and cultured for the presence of micro-organisms in microbiology laboratories. Results This study failed to identify the presence of bacteria in significant numbers or other micro-organisms in fresh mandibular condylar tissue specimens of the TMJ in patients with advanced TMJ osteoarthritis. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, the use of antimicrobial agents for the management of Osteoarthritis in the TMJ is not warranted. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.302 Operative therapy in stage 2 cases of MRONJ N. Sawai ∗ , E. Kubota, H. Iwabuchi Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa, Japan Background: Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) has become a well-known adverse reaction of bisphosphonate therapy and the other antiresorptive (denosmab) as well as antiangiogenic therapies. Strategies for management of patient with MRONJ are very important today. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to know how to treat the stage 2 cases of MRONJ. The failure of systemic antibiotic therapies in stage 2 has been reported as refractory cases. In such cases, operative procedure may be effective. Methods: We studied 17 patients who were given a diagnosis of MRONJ in stage 2 at Kanagawa Dental University from 2012 through 2014. The stage was determined by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) staging classification. Findings: The patients included 5 men (29.4%) and 12 women (70.6%). The age of patients ranged from 60 to 85 years old. The therapeutic backgrounds were grouped into three categories, 8 osteoporosis (47.0%), 7 malignancy (41.2%), 2 others (11.8%). Nine patients were operated on following antibiotic therapy. Eight patients received conservative therapy only. Seven out of nine cases undergone operation healed, 1/9 cases was down staged to stage 0, 1/9 cases was no change. Three out of 8 cases who underwent conservative therapy showed no change, 2/8 cases in