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History of Parental Allergy and Asthma as Predictors of Allergic Sensitization in their Offspring
History of Parental Allergy and Asthma as Predictors of Allergic Sensitization in their Offspring E. L. Anderson1, M. D. Evans2, D. F. G. DaSilva1, T. E. Pappas1, L. E. Pleiss1, K. A. Roberg1, K. T. Sullivan Dillie1, C. J. Tisler1, R. E. Gangnon2, J. E. Gern3, R. F. Lemanske, Jr.3; 1Pediatrics, UW Medical School, Madison, WI, 2Biostatistics and Medical Informatics and Population Health Sciences, UW Medical School, Madison, WI, 3Medicine, UW Medical School, Madison, WI. RATIONALE: To explore the influence of parental allergy, asthma and total IgE levels on markers of atopy in their offspring. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from participants in the Childhood Origins of ASThma project (COAST) at one, three, and five years and compared to their parents’ single blood sample. Fluoroenzyme immunoassays (FEIAs) were performed on plasma to determine total and specific IgE levels. RESULTS: Positive paternal asthma history was associated with a higher median IgE level in the child at all ages (15.4 vs. 13.1 year 1, p=0.047; 38.2 vs. 23.3 year 3, p=0.028; 63.4 vs. 36.8 year 5, p=0.013). It was also predictive of an increase in positive RAST tests to milk (17% difference age 1, p<0.0001; 19% difference age 3, p= 0.0027), egg (11% difference age 1, p= 0.031; 17% difference age 3, p=0.0025), peanut (12% difference age 5, p=0.009) alternaria (20% difference age 3, p<0.0001; 28% difference age 5, p<0.0001), dog (10% difference age 3, p= 0.024), and grass (11% difference age 5, p= 0.02). Paternal history of allergies was associated with an increase in positive RAST tests to egg (12% difference age 1, p=0.031) and alternaria (21% difference age 5, p= 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Although a history of paternal asthma, and to some degree allergy, appear to confer an increased risk for allergic sensitization in preschool children, similar maternal histories are not significantly associated with these developments. Funding: NIH grants M01 RR03186, R01 HL61879, and P01 HL70831
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Asthma Symptoms Under Two Years Old after Suffering Meconium Aspiration Syndrome F. Vazquez-Nava; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Social Securirty Mexican Institute. Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas., Ciudad Madero, MEXICO. RATIONALE: Meconium aspiration syndrome is associated with long term respiratory symptoms in survivors of the syndrome. METHODS: We followed from birth 68 children under two years old who suffer meconium aspiration syndrome and 68 healthy control children without meconium aspiration syndrome. RESULTS: 50% of the population study were females, mean age was 22.35±1.91 months. We registered an average hospital stay of 5.91±4.46 days in neonatal intensive care unit of children with meconium aspiration syndrome, they receiving 65.5±16.6 hours of oxygen, twenty eight of these children had history of wheezing last 12 months, twenty two of these eight were males (p=NS), 35.7% had family history of allergies (p=NS), fourteen had been breastfed. The average age when asthma symptoms started was 12.64±6.96 months. 71.4% suffered allergic rhinitis, eight had been diagnosed as asthmatics by physician, and none required emergency care. In control group, twenty one had wheezing episodes last 12 months, six were males, 38.1% had family history of allergies (P=NS), and 18 had been breastfed. The average age of start of symptoms in this group was 15.57±6.30 months. None had been diagnosed as having asthma by doctor, seven had been treated in emergency ward. CONCLUSIONS: In this study prevalence of asthmatics symptoms were much higher in case group than control group. Wheze occurred early on in those children with MAS, and male sex was more affected. Aspiration meconiun syndrome may be is a risk factor for the early onset of asthma symptoms.
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Atopy and Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens may be Risk Factor for Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness but not Pulmonary Function J. Kim1, H. Kim2, S. Lee2, B. Kim2, H. Seo2, S. Hong2; 1Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, 2Pediatrics, Asan Medical
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Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, REPUBLIC OF KOREA. RATIONALE: Atopy and exposure to inhalant allergens constitutes a risk factor for the development and persistence of asthma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between atopy and sensitization to inhalant allergens and bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) or pulmonary function in asthmatic children. METHODS: 263 atopic asthmatic children were recruited in this study. The amounts of total IgE and specific IgE were determined by employing CAP system FEIA(Pharmacia Diagnostics, Uppsala, Sweden). Specific IgE was focused on two major inhalant allergens in Korea, which were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f). To evaluate BHR, methacholine and exercise challenge tests were performed. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB) was defined as a >15% fall in FEV1 after exercise compared to pre-exercise FEV1 value. RESULTS: EIB was observed in 179(68.1%) of 263 patients. Asthmatic children with EIB showed significantly lower methacholine PC20 and greater maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise compared to subjects without EIB(P<0.01). Total IgE significantly correlated with methacholine PC20 (r=-0.243, P=0.001) and maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise(r=0.164, P=0.028) and specific IgE to Der f correlated with maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise((r=0.174, P=0.02) only in atopic asthmatic children with EIB. We also found no correlations were demonstrated between pulmonary function parameters(FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75%) and total IgE and specific IgE to Der p or Der f in all asthmatic children. CONCLUSIONS: Total and allergen-specific IgE are significantly correlated with BHR especially challenged by exercise but not pulmonary function in atopic asthmatic children sensitized to house dust mites. 10-6M (RR)-Formoterol, but Not (SS)-Formoterol or (S)/(R)Albuterol, Inhibits RANTES Secretion by RSV Antigen-Stimulated Confluent Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells (cA549) G. Puglisi, A. Capetandes, M. Frieri; Division of Allergy Immunology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY. RATIONALE: Epithelial cells secrete RANTES when stimulated with virus. RSV infection is associated with epithelial cell-derived chemokine secretion and bronchiolitis which can trigger asthma. Racemic albuterol and formoterol contain equal (50: 50) concentrations of the enantiomers. The (R) enantiomer of albuterol exerts bronchodilatory properties, while the (S) enantiomer shows bronchoconstrictor and proinflammatory activity. Our division demonstrated the inhibitory effect of montelukast and budesonide on the secretion of RANTES in RSV grade 2antigen (RSVag)stimulated A549 cells. This current study determined the effect of selected beta2 agonists on RANTES secretion by RSVag-stimulated cA549 cells. METHODS: A time course/dose response analysis showed the peak difference in RANTES secretion by cA549 in serum-free media relative to control was at 18 hours with 1: 100 dilution RSVag. These conditions were used to determine the effect of 10-8 to 10-5 M (S)- and (R)-albuterol, and (S,S)-formoterol and (R,R)-formoterol on RANTES secretion. Parametric data is reported as the mean +/- 2SD (pg/ml) vs. control (without RSVag) and analyzed by ANOVA (n=4). RESULTS: 10-6 M (R,R)-formoterol decreased RANTES secretion vs. control (718+/-36 vs 847+/-67 pg/ml;P= 0.005, power 0.86). RANTES secretion was numerically decreased vs. control with 10-5 M (R,R)-formoterol (753+/-15 vs 847+/-67 pg/ml;P>0.05). RANTES secretion was unchanged with concentrations of other isomers at 10-8 to 10-5 M (P>0.05,ANOVA; power <0.1). CONCLUSIONS: 10-6 M, and possibly 10-5 M,(R,R)-formoterol inhibited RSVag-stimulated cA549 secretion of RANTES. These results suggest that (RR)-formoterol may decrease RANTES secretion in the distal airway, possibly inhibiting remodeling in a subset of asthmatics or bronchiolitic patients. Funding: Sepracor Inc. to Dr. Frieri
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Abstracts S155
J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL VOLUME 117, NUMBER 2
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Asthma Symptoms Under Two Years Old after Suffering Meconium Aspiration Syndrome F. Vazquez-Nava; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Social Securirty Mexican Institute. Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas., Ciudad Madero, MEXICO. RATIONALE: Meconium aspiration syndrome is associated with long term respiratory symptoms in survivors of the syndrome. METHODS: We followed from birth 68 children under two years old who suffer meconium aspiration syndrome and 68 healthy control children without meconium aspiration syndrome. RESULTS: 50% of the population study were females, mean age was 22.35±1.91 months. We registered an average hospital stay of 5.91±4.46 days in neonatal intensive care unit of children with meconium aspiration syndrome, they receiving 65.5±16.6 hours of oxygen, twenty eight of these children had history of wheezing last 12 months, twenty two of these eight were males (p=NS), 35.7% had family history of allergies (p=NS), fourteen had been breastfed. The average age when asthma symptoms started was 12.64±6.96 months. 71.4% suffered allergic rhinitis, eight had been diagnosed as asthmatics by physician, and none required emergency care. In control group, twenty one had wheezing episodes last 12 months, six were males, 38.1% had family history of allergies (P=NS), and 18 had been breastfed. The average age of start of symptoms in this group was 15.57±6.30 months. None had been diagnosed as having asthma by doctor, seven had been treated in emergency ward. CONCLUSIONS: In this study prevalence of asthmatics symptoms were much higher in case group than control group. Wheze occurred early on in those children with MAS, and male sex was more affected. Aspiration meconiun syndrome may be is a risk factor for the early onset of asthma symptoms.
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Atopy and Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens may be Risk Factor for Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness but not Pulmonary Function J. Kim1, H. Kim2, S. Lee2, B. Kim2, H. Seo2, S. Hong2; 1Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, 2Pediatrics, Asan Medical
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Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, REPUBLIC OF KOREA. RATIONALE: Atopy and exposure to inhalant allergens constitutes a risk factor for the development and persistence of asthma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between atopy and sensitization to inhalant allergens and bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) or pulmonary function in asthmatic children. METHODS: 263 atopic asthmatic children were recruited in this study. The amounts of total IgE and specific IgE were determined by employing CAP system FEIA(Pharmacia Diagnostics, Uppsala, Sweden). Specific IgE was focused on two major inhalant allergens in Korea, which were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f). To evaluate BHR, methacholine and exercise challenge tests were performed. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction(EIB) was defined as a >15% fall in FEV1 after exercise compared to pre-exercise FEV1 value. RESULTS: EIB was observed in 179(68.1%) of 263 patients. Asthmatic children with EIB showed significantly lower methacholine PC20 and greater maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise compared to subjects without EIB(P<0.01). Total IgE significantly correlated with methacholine PC20 (r=-0.243, P=0.001) and maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise(r=0.164, P=0.028) and specific IgE to Der f correlated with maximum % fall in FEV1 after exercise((r=0.174, P=0.02) only in atopic asthmatic children with EIB. We also found no correlations were demonstrated between pulmonary function parameters(FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75%) and total IgE and specific IgE to Der p or Der f in all asthmatic children. CONCLUSIONS: Total and allergen-specific IgE are significantly correlated with BHR especially challenged by exercise but not pulmonary function in atopic asthmatic children sensitized to house dust mites. 10-6M (RR)-Formoterol, but Not (SS)-Formoterol or (S)/(R)Albuterol, Inhibits RANTES Secretion by RSV Antigen-Stimulated Confluent Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells (cA549) G. Puglisi, A. Capetandes, M. Frieri; Division of Allergy Immunology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY. RATIONALE: Epithelial cells secrete RANTES when stimulated with virus. RSV infection is associated with epithelial cell-derived chemokine secretion and bronchiolitis which can trigger asthma. Racemic albuterol and formoterol contain equal (50: 50) concentrations of the enantiomers. The (R) enantiomer of albuterol exerts bronchodilatory properties, while the (S) enantiomer shows bronchoconstrictor and proinflammatory activity. Our division demonstrated the inhibitory effect of montelukast and budesonide on the secretion of RANTES in RSV grade 2antigen (RSVag)stimulated A549 cells. This current study determined the effect of selected beta2 agonists on RANTES secretion by RSVag-stimulated cA549 cells. METHODS: A time course/dose response analysis showed the peak difference in RANTES secretion by cA549 in serum-free media relative to control was at 18 hours with 1: 100 dilution RSVag. These conditions were used to determine the effect of 10-8 to 10-5 M (S)- and (R)-albuterol, and (S,S)-formoterol and (R,R)-formoterol on RANTES secretion. Parametric data is reported as the mean +/- 2SD (pg/ml) vs. control (without RSVag) and analyzed by ANOVA (n=4). RESULTS: 10-6 M (R,R)-formoterol decreased RANTES secretion vs. control (718+/-36 vs 847+/-67 pg/ml;P= 0.005, power 0.86). RANTES secretion was numerically decreased vs. control with 10-5 M (R,R)-formoterol (753+/-15 vs 847+/-67 pg/ml;P>0.05). RANTES secretion was unchanged with concentrations of other isomers at 10-8 to 10-5 M (P>0.05,ANOVA; power <0.1). CONCLUSIONS: 10-6 M, and possibly 10-5 M,(R,R)-formoterol inhibited RSVag-stimulated cA549 secretion of RANTES. These results suggest that (RR)-formoterol may decrease RANTES secretion in the distal airway, possibly inhibiting remodeling in a subset of asthmatics or bronchiolitic patients. Funding: Sepracor Inc. to Dr. Frieri
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Abstracts S155
J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL VOLUME 117, NUMBER 2