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Homeostasis and Time Budgets
CHAPTER
4
Homeostasis and Time Budgets CHAPTER OUTLINE 4.1 Introduction 100 4.2 Behavior and Homeostasis 102 Displacement and Redirection 103 Displacement Behavior 104 Redirected Behavior 104 Self-Directed Behaviors and Repetitive Behaviors 105 Assessment of Animal Welfare 105
4.3 Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhythms 109 4.4 Modern Concepts of Homeostatic Regulation 112
Sleep 112 Feeding and the Regulation of Appetite 113 Pain 115 Fear 118
4.5 Time Budgets and Trade-Offs: Balancing Demands in How Animals Budget Their Time 118 Summary 122 Study Questions 122 Further Reading 122
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Studying this chapter should provide you with the knowledge to: l Appreciate how homeostasis describes the behavioral and physiological processes that animals use to maintain appropriate internal and external environments. l Use contemporary versions of motivation theory to understand how animals make behavioral decisions to help maintain their homeostasis. l Employ measures of displacement behavior and redirected behavior, in the form of self-directed behaviors, as powerful tools for assessing animal welfare. l Understand how biological clocks, pain, sleep, appetites for food or mating, and fear influence animals’ choices among possible activities. l Use time budget analyses to quantify and interpret how and why animals allocate their time in maintaining homeostasis.
Animal Behavior. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
99
4
Homeostasis and Time Budgets CHAPTER OUTLINE 4.1 Introduction 100 4.2 Behavior and Homeostasis 102 Displacement and Redirection 103 Displacement Behavior 104 Redirected Behavior 104 Self-Directed Behaviors and Repetitive Behaviors 105 Assessment of Animal Welfare 105
4.3 Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhythms 109 4.4 Modern Concepts of Homeostatic Regulation 112
Sleep 112 Feeding and the Regulation of Appetite 113 Pain 115 Fear 118
4.5 Time Budgets and Trade-Offs: Balancing Demands in How Animals Budget Their Time 118 Summary 122 Study Questions 122 Further Reading 122
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Studying this chapter should provide you with the knowledge to: l Appreciate how homeostasis describes the behavioral and physiological processes that animals use to maintain appropriate internal and external environments. l Use contemporary versions of motivation theory to understand how animals make behavioral decisions to help maintain their homeostasis. l Employ measures of displacement behavior and redirected behavior, in the form of self-directed behaviors, as powerful tools for assessing animal welfare. l Understand how biological clocks, pain, sleep, appetites for food or mating, and fear influence animals’ choices among possible activities. l Use time budget analyses to quantify and interpret how and why animals allocate their time in maintaining homeostasis.
Animal Behavior. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
99