- Email: [email protected]
Curricula Improve Consumption of Nutritious Foods and Dietetic Practices in Elementary Schools
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 45, Number 4S, 2013 P156 (continued) traditional foods. Schoolchildren can become more motivated to consume traditional foods through specific experiences. Funding: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education.
Poster Abstracts S63
Ed nutrition education. Attention should be given to the 18 years old group, Blacks, White and male participants who tend to had lower intake than other groups. The results suggest that maximizing the number of participants who receive SNAP-Ed rather than the number of classes each participant receives may be the most effective and efficient use of limited educational resources. Funding: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education.
P157 The Effect of SNAP Education in Indiana on Fruit, Vegetable and Whole Grain Eating Behaviors Dennis Savaiano, PhD, [email protected], Purdue University, Beering Hall, Room 3268, 100 N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907; B. G. Cham, BS, Dublin Institute of Technology; C. M. Furtner, MS, Purdue University; A. R. Abbott, MS, RD; M. K. Maulding, MS, RD Objective: The analyses reported here evaluate the effectiveness of SNAP nutrition education on self-reported eating behavior changes in Indiana. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) encourages adequate nutrient intake in low-income population. Promoting adequate consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains is a major goal. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: The intervention was provided through lessons, games and demonstrations, either in groups or individually. Data were collected in 92 counties in Indiana from 2008 to 2011. 2109 individuals who attended at least 4 lessons completed the questionnaires before and after the intervention. Amount and variety of fruit and vegetables, whole grain intake and breakfast pattern were evaluated using paired t-test, independent sample t-test, One Way ANOVA Test and McNemar’s Test. Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Amount and variety of fruit and vegetables, whole grain intake and breakfast pattern were evaluated using paired t-test, independent sample t-test, One Way ANOVA Test and McNemar’s Test. Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. Results: Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. The intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and breakfast frequency showed significant improvement (p<0.001) after the lessons. The largest changes were found in fruits, followed by vegetables and then whole grains. The improvement in fruit variety was higher than vegetable variety. More than half of the participants did not change their breakfast pattern. Almost all gender, races, and age groups improved in all the behaviors (p<0.001), regardless of the number of lessons attended (p<0.001). Conclusions and Implications: The analysis demonstrates successful behavioral changes following SNAP-
P158 HOPE2 Nutrition-focused Policy/ Curricula Improve Consumption of Nutritious Foods and Dietetic Practices in Elementary Schools Danielle Hollar, PhD, MHA, MS, daniellehollar@gmail. com, Healthy Networks Design and Research, 881 NE 72 Terrace, Miami, FL 33138, USA; M. Lombardo, DC, The OrganWise Guys, Inc; C. Heitz, MS, LMSW; L. Hollar, PhD, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Objective: To increase the consumption of nutrient-rich foods in school settings. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Childhood obesity continues to be a major clinical and public health issue. Schools provide ideal settings to implement obesity prevention strategies to large and diverse sets of children. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Healthier Options for People through Extension (HOPE)2 is a 4-year (2009-2012), 6-state (AR,FL,LA,MI,MS,NM) prevention intervention with policy, nutrition, and physical activity components in an elementary school setting targeting ethnically diverse children in Kindergarten-5th grade. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Elementary school Foodservice (FS) Managers completed FS Surveys fall/ baseline and spring/follow-up, assessing child consumption of nutrient-dense foods (targeted HOPE2 interventions in meals and curricula), use of federal feeding/nutrition programs, and collaborations with outside organizations in support of policy changes. Results: 38 FS Managers participated in 2010-2011 data collection. Results (2010-2011) of 38 FS respondents show schools serve nutrient-rich foods as part of government-funded programs to model educational activities, such as skinless meats (94.7% 2010; 97.4% 2011), sweet potatoes (100.0% 2010; 97.4% 2011), and spinach (94.7% 2010; 100.0% 2011). Eighty percent agreed/ strongly agreed students enjoy and consume fruits/fruit juice, skim/reduced milk, and whole grains. Nutrientrich sweet potatoes, legumes, and spinach were least liked foods at baseline; but were more strongly preferred by follow-up (increases by 13.5%, 20.0%, and 12.5%, Continued on page S64
S64 Poster Abstracts
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 45, Number 4S, 2013
P158 (continued) respectively; increase in preference for spinach significant at.05 level). Conclusions and Implications: HOPE2 shows positive effects of nutrition components of obesity interventions in elementary schools resulting from policies and curricula that support such efforts – namely, increases in consumption by children and menuing of items as part of government feeding programs. Funding: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, W.K. Kellogg Foundation.
P159 Mediators of Dietary Change among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors in a Culturally-based Dietary Intervention John Richardson, MS, [email protected], Columbia University, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032; H. Lee, PhD, RD; P. Koch, EdD, RD; I. R. Contento, PhD, CDN; A. Ogden Gaffney, Cook for Your Life; C. Aycinena, MS, RD, Columbia University; H. Greenlee, ND, PhD Objective: To identify mediators of dietary change among Hispanic breast cancer survivors participating in a culturally-based intervention designed to increase fruit/vegetable intake and decrease fat intake. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Cocinar Para Su Salud! (CPSS!) is a theory-based program designed using social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model of behavior change to promote dietary change. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Randomized controlled trial of Hispanic breast cancer survivors (n¼70) in New York City participating in either CPSS! or receiving written dietary guidelines for cancer survivors. CPSS! is a 9-week culturally-based nutrition education program designed to increase daily servings of fruit/vegetables and reduce fat consumption by increasing self-efficacy and outcome expectations, decreasing perceived barriers, and teaching food preparation skills. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: At baseline and 6-months, dietary intake was assessed using 3 24-hour recalls and potential mediators were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. McKinnon’s 4-step analytical process was used to identify psychosocial variables that mediated change in dietary behaviors. Results: At 6-months, the intervention group (n¼34) increased daily servings of fruit and vegetables (P<0.001) but did not decrease fat intake (P¼0.314), when compared to controls (n¼36). Self-efficacy and preferences for fruits and vegetables were significant mediators of the intervention effect on fruit/vegetable intake (p¼0.004 and p¼0.040, respectively). Outcome expectations were not found to mediate the effect. Conclusions and Implications: Among Hispanic breast cancer survivors participating in a culturally-based
dietary intervention, increasing self-efficacy and decreasing perceived barriers (e.g., taste of fruits/vegetables) mediated an increase in fruit/vegetable consumption. Future programs can target these specific mediators to promote further dietary change. Funding: NIH.
P160 Beliefs about Diet and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Prevention in a Diverse Urban Population Margot Zaharek, MS, MA, RD, [email protected], Teachers College, Columbia University, 313 Munger Lane, Bethlehem, CT 6751; R. L. Wolf, PhD, MPH; P. Zybert, PhD; C. E. Basch, PhD Objective: To explore beliefs related to diet and CRC prevention in an asymptomatic population of urban, ethnically diverse men and women over age 50. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Blacks have the highest CRC incidence and mortality rates than any other racial and ethnic group. Epidemiological data suggests diet can play an important role in prevention. An understanding of dietary beliefs about CRC prevention is necessary to plan effective interventions. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: The study design was cross-sectional with data drawn from baseline surveys of a randomized control trial. Participants (n¼169) resided in greater New York City and were members of the 1199 service workers union. Seventy-nine percent were female, 68% were Black, 9.5% were Hispanic, 78.7% were born outside the United States and 71.2% had a household annual income below $50,000. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Dietary beliefs about CRC prevention were measured with qualitative open-ended questions. Data was analyzed by content analysis of qualitative responses, descriptive statistics of demographic data, and Chi-square analysis to determine statistical differences. Results: One hundred and eleven (65.7%) reported they believed diet can prevent CRC. Common beliefs were: Increase fiber (71.2%), vegetables (46.8%) and fruits (25.2%); and decrease meat (21.6%) and fat (16.2%). Characteristics associated with dietary beliefs included increased education (p<.001), increased income (p<.019), lower BMI (p<.015), previous CRC screening test (p<.024) and having a physician discuss CRC (p<.049). Gender, race/ethnicity and birthplace were not associated with beliefs. Conclusions and Implications: There are a variety of demographic characteristics associated with the perception that diet is a factor in CRC prevention. These characteristics should be considered when targeting nutrition education interventions. Funding: American Cancer Society.
Poster Abstracts S63
Ed nutrition education. Attention should be given to the 18 years old group, Blacks, White and male participants who tend to had lower intake than other groups. The results suggest that maximizing the number of participants who receive SNAP-Ed rather than the number of classes each participant receives may be the most effective and efficient use of limited educational resources. Funding: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education.
P157 The Effect of SNAP Education in Indiana on Fruit, Vegetable and Whole Grain Eating Behaviors Dennis Savaiano, PhD, [email protected], Purdue University, Beering Hall, Room 3268, 100 N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907; B. G. Cham, BS, Dublin Institute of Technology; C. M. Furtner, MS, Purdue University; A. R. Abbott, MS, RD; M. K. Maulding, MS, RD Objective: The analyses reported here evaluate the effectiveness of SNAP nutrition education on self-reported eating behavior changes in Indiana. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) encourages adequate nutrient intake in low-income population. Promoting adequate consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains is a major goal. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: The intervention was provided through lessons, games and demonstrations, either in groups or individually. Data were collected in 92 counties in Indiana from 2008 to 2011. 2109 individuals who attended at least 4 lessons completed the questionnaires before and after the intervention. Amount and variety of fruit and vegetables, whole grain intake and breakfast pattern were evaluated using paired t-test, independent sample t-test, One Way ANOVA Test and McNemar’s Test. Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Amount and variety of fruit and vegetables, whole grain intake and breakfast pattern were evaluated using paired t-test, independent sample t-test, One Way ANOVA Test and McNemar’s Test. Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. Results: Less than half of the participants met the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for these food groups. The intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and breakfast frequency showed significant improvement (p<0.001) after the lessons. The largest changes were found in fruits, followed by vegetables and then whole grains. The improvement in fruit variety was higher than vegetable variety. More than half of the participants did not change their breakfast pattern. Almost all gender, races, and age groups improved in all the behaviors (p<0.001), regardless of the number of lessons attended (p<0.001). Conclusions and Implications: The analysis demonstrates successful behavioral changes following SNAP-
P158 HOPE2 Nutrition-focused Policy/ Curricula Improve Consumption of Nutritious Foods and Dietetic Practices in Elementary Schools Danielle Hollar, PhD, MHA, MS, daniellehollar@gmail. com, Healthy Networks Design and Research, 881 NE 72 Terrace, Miami, FL 33138, USA; M. Lombardo, DC, The OrganWise Guys, Inc; C. Heitz, MS, LMSW; L. Hollar, PhD, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Objective: To increase the consumption of nutrient-rich foods in school settings. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Childhood obesity continues to be a major clinical and public health issue. Schools provide ideal settings to implement obesity prevention strategies to large and diverse sets of children. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Healthier Options for People through Extension (HOPE)2 is a 4-year (2009-2012), 6-state (AR,FL,LA,MI,MS,NM) prevention intervention with policy, nutrition, and physical activity components in an elementary school setting targeting ethnically diverse children in Kindergarten-5th grade. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Elementary school Foodservice (FS) Managers completed FS Surveys fall/ baseline and spring/follow-up, assessing child consumption of nutrient-dense foods (targeted HOPE2 interventions in meals and curricula), use of federal feeding/nutrition programs, and collaborations with outside organizations in support of policy changes. Results: 38 FS Managers participated in 2010-2011 data collection. Results (2010-2011) of 38 FS respondents show schools serve nutrient-rich foods as part of government-funded programs to model educational activities, such as skinless meats (94.7% 2010; 97.4% 2011), sweet potatoes (100.0% 2010; 97.4% 2011), and spinach (94.7% 2010; 100.0% 2011). Eighty percent agreed/ strongly agreed students enjoy and consume fruits/fruit juice, skim/reduced milk, and whole grains. Nutrientrich sweet potatoes, legumes, and spinach were least liked foods at baseline; but were more strongly preferred by follow-up (increases by 13.5%, 20.0%, and 12.5%, Continued on page S64
S64 Poster Abstracts
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 45, Number 4S, 2013
P158 (continued) respectively; increase in preference for spinach significant at.05 level). Conclusions and Implications: HOPE2 shows positive effects of nutrition components of obesity interventions in elementary schools resulting from policies and curricula that support such efforts – namely, increases in consumption by children and menuing of items as part of government feeding programs. Funding: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, W.K. Kellogg Foundation.
P159 Mediators of Dietary Change among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors in a Culturally-based Dietary Intervention John Richardson, MS, [email protected], Columbia University, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032; H. Lee, PhD, RD; P. Koch, EdD, RD; I. R. Contento, PhD, CDN; A. Ogden Gaffney, Cook for Your Life; C. Aycinena, MS, RD, Columbia University; H. Greenlee, ND, PhD Objective: To identify mediators of dietary change among Hispanic breast cancer survivors participating in a culturally-based intervention designed to increase fruit/vegetable intake and decrease fat intake. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Cocinar Para Su Salud! (CPSS!) is a theory-based program designed using social cognitive theory and the transtheoretical model of behavior change to promote dietary change. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: Randomized controlled trial of Hispanic breast cancer survivors (n¼70) in New York City participating in either CPSS! or receiving written dietary guidelines for cancer survivors. CPSS! is a 9-week culturally-based nutrition education program designed to increase daily servings of fruit/vegetables and reduce fat consumption by increasing self-efficacy and outcome expectations, decreasing perceived barriers, and teaching food preparation skills. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: At baseline and 6-months, dietary intake was assessed using 3 24-hour recalls and potential mediators were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. McKinnon’s 4-step analytical process was used to identify psychosocial variables that mediated change in dietary behaviors. Results: At 6-months, the intervention group (n¼34) increased daily servings of fruit and vegetables (P<0.001) but did not decrease fat intake (P¼0.314), when compared to controls (n¼36). Self-efficacy and preferences for fruits and vegetables were significant mediators of the intervention effect on fruit/vegetable intake (p¼0.004 and p¼0.040, respectively). Outcome expectations were not found to mediate the effect. Conclusions and Implications: Among Hispanic breast cancer survivors participating in a culturally-based
dietary intervention, increasing self-efficacy and decreasing perceived barriers (e.g., taste of fruits/vegetables) mediated an increase in fruit/vegetable consumption. Future programs can target these specific mediators to promote further dietary change. Funding: NIH.
P160 Beliefs about Diet and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Prevention in a Diverse Urban Population Margot Zaharek, MS, MA, RD, [email protected], Teachers College, Columbia University, 313 Munger Lane, Bethlehem, CT 6751; R. L. Wolf, PhD, MPH; P. Zybert, PhD; C. E. Basch, PhD Objective: To explore beliefs related to diet and CRC prevention in an asymptomatic population of urban, ethnically diverse men and women over age 50. Theory, Prior Research, Rationale: Blacks have the highest CRC incidence and mortality rates than any other racial and ethnic group. Epidemiological data suggests diet can play an important role in prevention. An understanding of dietary beliefs about CRC prevention is necessary to plan effective interventions. Study Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: The study design was cross-sectional with data drawn from baseline surveys of a randomized control trial. Participants (n¼169) resided in greater New York City and were members of the 1199 service workers union. Seventy-nine percent were female, 68% were Black, 9.5% were Hispanic, 78.7% were born outside the United States and 71.2% had a household annual income below $50,000. Outcome, Measures and Analysis: Dietary beliefs about CRC prevention were measured with qualitative open-ended questions. Data was analyzed by content analysis of qualitative responses, descriptive statistics of demographic data, and Chi-square analysis to determine statistical differences. Results: One hundred and eleven (65.7%) reported they believed diet can prevent CRC. Common beliefs were: Increase fiber (71.2%), vegetables (46.8%) and fruits (25.2%); and decrease meat (21.6%) and fat (16.2%). Characteristics associated with dietary beliefs included increased education (p<.001), increased income (p<.019), lower BMI (p<.015), previous CRC screening test (p<.024) and having a physician discuss CRC (p<.049). Gender, race/ethnicity and birthplace were not associated with beliefs. Conclusions and Implications: There are a variety of demographic characteristics associated with the perception that diet is a factor in CRC prevention. These characteristics should be considered when targeting nutrition education interventions. Funding: American Cancer Society.