- Email: [email protected]
How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone
Accepted Manuscript How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone Sandip Agrawal, MD, Kiran Chahal, MD, Aseem Sharma, MD, Rachita Dhurat, MD PII:
S0190-9622(19)30695-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.04.060
Reference:
YMJD 13411
To appear in:
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Received Date: 27 February 2019 Revised Date:
20 March 2019
Accepted Date: 1 April 2019
Please cite this article as: Agrawal S, Chahal K, Sharma A, Dhurat R, How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2019), doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.04.060. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1
Title Page
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Title: How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone
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Sandip Agrawal, MD1; Kiran Chahal, MD1; Aseem Sharma, MD1; Rachita Dhurat,
4
MD1
5
1-department of dermatology, LTMMC & GH, Mumbai.
6
Corresponding author:
7
Aseem Sharma
8
Department of dermatology, OPD16, 2nd floor of new OPD building, Sion west,
9
Mumbai-22
10
9920868737
11
[email protected]
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This article has no funding source
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The authors have no conflict of interest to declare
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Word count: 240
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References: 1
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Manuscript
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Technological Challenge
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Imaging of the oral cavity is necessary for documenting clinical findings,
20
diagnoses, for training and education, for medicolegal purposes, publishing, and
21
even for communication with patients. Capturing images of the oral cavity often
22
requires expertise, and is time-consuming. The usage of smartphone cameras is
23
marred by certain limitations like blurring, light glare and reflected shadows of
24
dental crowns and units.
25
Technical Solution
26
While placing the smartphone near the oral cavity, it is held with the thumb and index
27
finger, and stabilized with the little finger which is kept over the cheek of patient. The
28
little finger acts as a fulcrum which is used to move the smartphone to get the proper
29
photographic alignment, and focal length. Flash 1 is another smartphone is kept parallel
30
to, and near the flash system(Flash 2) of the main smartphone, from which image is to
31
be captured. We have kept flash 1 switched on permanently, but flash 2 gets activated
32
only while the smartphone clicks the picture. (Figure 1)The settings for ISO, exposure
33
and shutter speed are to be set to the Auto mode. Parameters like white balance, colour
34
saturation and temperature might need minor post-photo editing. The retractors and
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mirrors can be used wherever required. The authors used a Samsung Note 8®
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smartphone with a 12MP, double lens camera. Proper videos and images taken with this
37
optimized technique can be used for the purpose of patient demonstration and
38
educational teaching. (Figure 2)
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References
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1. Casaglia, A et al. “Dental photography today. Part 1: basic concepts” ORAL &
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implantology vol. 8,4 122-129. 23 Jul. 2016, doi:10.11138/orl/2015.8.4.122
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Legends
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Figure-1 (i) the smartphone focused over area of interest and it is held with the
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thumb and index finger, and stabilized with the little finger which acts as a
54
fulcrum and is kept over the cheek of patient.
RI PT
52
(ii) The second flash which helps in better focus of the camera.
56
(iii)A schematic diagram of intraoral photography showing the position of
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camera and second flash.
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Figure-2 A clear, sharp image, with focus on the lesion over buccal mucosa.
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ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
S0190-9622(19)30695-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.04.060
Reference:
YMJD 13411
To appear in:
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Received Date: 27 February 2019 Revised Date:
20 March 2019
Accepted Date: 1 April 2019
Please cite this article as: Agrawal S, Chahal K, Sharma A, Dhurat R, How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2019), doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.04.060. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1
Title Page
1
Title: How to optimize intraoral imaging using a smartphone
3
Sandip Agrawal, MD1; Kiran Chahal, MD1; Aseem Sharma, MD1; Rachita Dhurat,
4
MD1
5
1-department of dermatology, LTMMC & GH, Mumbai.
6
Corresponding author:
7
Aseem Sharma
8
Department of dermatology, OPD16, 2nd floor of new OPD building, Sion west,
9
Mumbai-22
10
9920868737
11
[email protected]
12
This article has no funding source
13
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare
14
Word count: 240
15
References: 1
AC C
EP
TE D
M AN U
SC
RI PT
2
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2
EP
TE D
M AN U
SC
RI PT
Figures: 2
AC C
16
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 3
Manuscript
17
Technological Challenge
19
Imaging of the oral cavity is necessary for documenting clinical findings,
20
diagnoses, for training and education, for medicolegal purposes, publishing, and
21
even for communication with patients. Capturing images of the oral cavity often
22
requires expertise, and is time-consuming. The usage of smartphone cameras is
23
marred by certain limitations like blurring, light glare and reflected shadows of
24
dental crowns and units.
25
Technical Solution
26
While placing the smartphone near the oral cavity, it is held with the thumb and index
27
finger, and stabilized with the little finger which is kept over the cheek of patient. The
28
little finger acts as a fulcrum which is used to move the smartphone to get the proper
29
photographic alignment, and focal length. Flash 1 is another smartphone is kept parallel
30
to, and near the flash system(Flash 2) of the main smartphone, from which image is to
31
be captured. We have kept flash 1 switched on permanently, but flash 2 gets activated
32
only while the smartphone clicks the picture. (Figure 1)The settings for ISO, exposure
33
and shutter speed are to be set to the Auto mode. Parameters like white balance, colour
34
saturation and temperature might need minor post-photo editing. The retractors and
AC C
EP
TE D
M AN U
SC
RI PT
18
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 4
mirrors can be used wherever required. The authors used a Samsung Note 8®
36
smartphone with a 12MP, double lens camera. Proper videos and images taken with this
37
optimized technique can be used for the purpose of patient demonstration and
38
educational teaching. (Figure 2)
RI PT
35
AC C
EP
TE D
M AN U
SC
39
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 5
References
40
1. Casaglia, A et al. “Dental photography today. Part 1: basic concepts” ORAL &
42
implantology vol. 8,4 122-129. 23 Jul. 2016, doi:10.11138/orl/2015.8.4.122
RI PT
41
43
SC
44
M AN U
45
46
50
EP
49
AC C
48
TE D
47
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 6
Legends
51
Figure-1 (i) the smartphone focused over area of interest and it is held with the
53
thumb and index finger, and stabilized with the little finger which acts as a
54
fulcrum and is kept over the cheek of patient.
RI PT
52
(ii) The second flash which helps in better focus of the camera.
56
(iii)A schematic diagram of intraoral photography showing the position of
M AN U
SC
55
camera and second flash.
58
Figure-2 A clear, sharp image, with focus on the lesion over buccal mucosa.
AC C
EP
TE D
57
AC C
EP
TE D
M AN U
SC
RI PT
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
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