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Human naturally occurring modified low density lipoprotein
S122
Poster session abstracts/Atherosclerosis 115 (SuppL ) (1995) $45-S129 PI8 Lipoproteins
457
459
COMPARISON OF SERUM LIPID LEVELS OF ADULTS vs VERY ELDERLY GREEKS Sp Paxidamas, St. Pagoni, A. Armenaka, El. Vervesou El, E. Rendukas, Em. Chatzikonstantinos Unit Lipid, General Hospital of Athens "ELPIS", Greece
PLASMA LIPIDS AND INFLAMMATION IN 505 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS J. Constans G. Wendling, E. Peuchant, G. Camilleri, C.I. Conri CHRU and HIA, Bordeaux, France
Purpose: To study lipid levels in the Greek elderly and a possible role in longevity. Material-Methods: 300 elderly (Group A) aged 76 years or more (mean age 81-1-4 years), 106 males and 194 females were studied and compared to 234 randomly selected controls, ages 17-75 years (mean age 5 2 + 1 8 years), 87 males and 147 females (Group B). All subjects were ambulatory and came to the outpatient clinic for a general medical checkup. They were free of any active illness or acute inflamation and were not on any medication know to affect serum lipid levels. Their diet was a typical mixed Greek diet, intake of alcoholic beverages was mild to none and all were non-smokers. Results: Group A Group B TC(mg/dL) 194+46 228+47 ~ LDL-C(mg/dL) 1295:42 1665:452 Chylom(%) 0.15+:0.5 1.15:1.22 g(%) 56.55:6.7 63.4+:7.63 pre-l~(%) 14.85:3.6 11.3+3.14 (tp< .00001, zp< .0001, 3p< .004, ' p < .001) Conclusion: Longevity is related to normal biochemical lipid parameters. The goal of all individuals should be to approach optimal serum lipid levels.
Plasma lipids are usually determined in hospitalized patients. Our purpose was to study plasma lipids in such patients in relation with inflammatory parameters. Methods: 505 patients hospitalised with various diseases (bacterial infection, N = 6 6 ; HIV infection, N = 10; cancer, N = 2 5 ; diabetes, N = 8 6 ; systemic diseases, N = 3 6 ; occlusive arterial disease (OAD), N = 9 4 ; arterial hypertension, N = 2 7 ; miscellaneous, N = I 6 I ) and 21 healthy subjects had a determination of plasma lipids: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) on a paramax multiparameter automate; apolipoproteins A1 and B by nephelemetry on a BNA; calculated LDLcholesterol (LDL-C). Inflammatory parameters were also measured: ESR, fibrinogen, C reactive protein (CRP). Results: TC and LDL-C were not different from controls in any group. TG were higher than in controls (p<0.05) in all groups except in bacterial infections. HDL-C and apo A1 decreased in patients with bacterial infection (p=0.006 and O.000l respectively), HIV infection (p = 0.0001), cancer (p=O.01 and 0.001 respectively). In the other groups, apo AI decreased but not HDL-C. ApoB increased in patients with cancer (p=0.02), systemic diseases (p = 0.0001), OAD (p=0.03) and hypertension (p = 0.0001). Correlations with inflammatory parameters were observed for TC in infection or OAD; TG in infection or systemic diseases; HDL-C in infection, cancer or systemic diseases; LDL-C in infections, apo A1 in infection or diabetes. Conclusion: In hospitalized patients plasma lipids are rarely normal and correlate with inflammation. A lipidic vascular risk should not be determined during hospitalization. ApoB is the only lipidic parameter which seems unsensitive to inflammation.
458
460
SEROEFIDEMIOLOGY OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS IN THE CITY OF UTRECHT, THE NETHERLANDS J.M. Ossewaarde I, J.E. van Steenbergen 2, H.L. van der Meijden-Kuypers ~, and W.H.M. Gorissen 2 ~Bilthoven and 2Utrecht, The Netherlands
HUMAN NATURALLY OCCURRING MODIFIED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN V.V. Tertov Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between (past) infection with C pneumoniae and epidemiologic characteristics in a health survey in the city of Utrecht. Methods: In '86/'87 a general health survey was conducted by questionnaire. Relevant variables were extracted from the complete data set and their relation with (past) infection with C. pneumonias was analyzed by the Chisquare test. Infection with C pneumonias was determined by measuring IgG antibodies using an enzyme immunoassay, modified to minimize crossreactions. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 56.1%. After a peak in the age group of 5-10 years, there was an increase in prevalence of higher titers with age. The following variables were correlated with a higher seroprevalence: gender (males had more often antibodies; p<0.01), ethnic origin (especially males from Turkey; p<0.01), use of cardiovascular medication (only in males; p<0.01), use of diuretics (in males [p<0.01] and in females Ip=0.03]), cholesterol level (only in males from Dutch origin [p=0.04l) , Quetelet index (only in males from Dutch origin [p<0.01)), smoking of cigarettes (true in females [p<0.001], but not in males [p=0.251). There was no difference in the number of smokers between males and females (36.5% vs. 34.2%), but males smoked significantly more cigarettes per day than females (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Chronic infections with C. pneumonias are supposedly implicated as modulators in the process of atherogenesis. Infection with C. pneumonias occurs early in life and the level of antibodies increases with age probably due to reinfections, although a cohort effect cannot be excluded. These seroepidemiologic characteristics and the pattern of identified risk factors are consistent with this modulator hypothesis.
The aim of this study was to investigate chemical composition and physical parameters of naturally occurring modified (desialylated) low density lipoprotein (nom-LDL) as well as their metabolism in human aorta smooth muscle cells. Nom-LDL was separated from native LDL by lectinchromatography on RCAL,o-agarose. Nom-LDL had smaller size, higher density, and greater electrophoretic activity than native one. Content of neutral carbohydrates and sialic acid in nom-LDL was 1.5- to 3-fold lower than in native LDL. Modified LDL contained lower amounts of triglycerides, free and esterified cholesterol as compared to native lipoprotein. Nom-LDL was characterised by lower level of phospholipids, vitamin A and E, but higher content of Iysophospholipids and oxysterols. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and fatty acid hydroperoxides in freshly isolated native and modifed LDL were the same. On the other hand, oxidation of nom-LDL by copper ions was more pronounced than of native LDL. Nom-LDL revealed changes in the tertiary structure of apoB. Nom-LDL, but not native lipoprotein, induced 1.5-4-fold accumulation of neutral lipids in human aortic intimal smooth muscle cells. Binding and uptake of iodinated nom-LDL by intimal cells were 2- to 4-fold higher than of native LDL. Related rate of degradation of nom-LDL was 2- to 5-fold lower than degradation of native LDL. Obtained data demonstrate that 1) multiple parameters of nom-LDL differ from these of native LDL; 2) increased uptake and decreased intracellular degradation of nom-LDL may be the main cause of lipid accumulation in human aorta smooth muscle cells.
Poster session abstracts/Atherosclerosis 115 (SuppL ) (1995) $45-S129 PI8 Lipoproteins
457
459
COMPARISON OF SERUM LIPID LEVELS OF ADULTS vs VERY ELDERLY GREEKS Sp Paxidamas, St. Pagoni, A. Armenaka, El. Vervesou El, E. Rendukas, Em. Chatzikonstantinos Unit Lipid, General Hospital of Athens "ELPIS", Greece
PLASMA LIPIDS AND INFLAMMATION IN 505 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS J. Constans G. Wendling, E. Peuchant, G. Camilleri, C.I. Conri CHRU and HIA, Bordeaux, France
Purpose: To study lipid levels in the Greek elderly and a possible role in longevity. Material-Methods: 300 elderly (Group A) aged 76 years or more (mean age 81-1-4 years), 106 males and 194 females were studied and compared to 234 randomly selected controls, ages 17-75 years (mean age 5 2 + 1 8 years), 87 males and 147 females (Group B). All subjects were ambulatory and came to the outpatient clinic for a general medical checkup. They were free of any active illness or acute inflamation and were not on any medication know to affect serum lipid levels. Their diet was a typical mixed Greek diet, intake of alcoholic beverages was mild to none and all were non-smokers. Results: Group A Group B TC(mg/dL) 194+46 228+47 ~ LDL-C(mg/dL) 1295:42 1665:452 Chylom(%) 0.15+:0.5 1.15:1.22 g(%) 56.55:6.7 63.4+:7.63 pre-l~(%) 14.85:3.6 11.3+3.14 (tp< .00001, zp< .0001, 3p< .004, ' p < .001) Conclusion: Longevity is related to normal biochemical lipid parameters. The goal of all individuals should be to approach optimal serum lipid levels.
Plasma lipids are usually determined in hospitalized patients. Our purpose was to study plasma lipids in such patients in relation with inflammatory parameters. Methods: 505 patients hospitalised with various diseases (bacterial infection, N = 6 6 ; HIV infection, N = 10; cancer, N = 2 5 ; diabetes, N = 8 6 ; systemic diseases, N = 3 6 ; occlusive arterial disease (OAD), N = 9 4 ; arterial hypertension, N = 2 7 ; miscellaneous, N = I 6 I ) and 21 healthy subjects had a determination of plasma lipids: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) on a paramax multiparameter automate; apolipoproteins A1 and B by nephelemetry on a BNA; calculated LDLcholesterol (LDL-C). Inflammatory parameters were also measured: ESR, fibrinogen, C reactive protein (CRP). Results: TC and LDL-C were not different from controls in any group. TG were higher than in controls (p<0.05) in all groups except in bacterial infections. HDL-C and apo A1 decreased in patients with bacterial infection (p=0.006 and O.000l respectively), HIV infection (p = 0.0001), cancer (p=O.01 and 0.001 respectively). In the other groups, apo AI decreased but not HDL-C. ApoB increased in patients with cancer (p=0.02), systemic diseases (p = 0.0001), OAD (p=0.03) and hypertension (p = 0.0001). Correlations with inflammatory parameters were observed for TC in infection or OAD; TG in infection or systemic diseases; HDL-C in infection, cancer or systemic diseases; LDL-C in infections, apo A1 in infection or diabetes. Conclusion: In hospitalized patients plasma lipids are rarely normal and correlate with inflammation. A lipidic vascular risk should not be determined during hospitalization. ApoB is the only lipidic parameter which seems unsensitive to inflammation.
458
460
SEROEFIDEMIOLOGY OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS IN THE CITY OF UTRECHT, THE NETHERLANDS J.M. Ossewaarde I, J.E. van Steenbergen 2, H.L. van der Meijden-Kuypers ~, and W.H.M. Gorissen 2 ~Bilthoven and 2Utrecht, The Netherlands
HUMAN NATURALLY OCCURRING MODIFIED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN V.V. Tertov Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between (past) infection with C pneumoniae and epidemiologic characteristics in a health survey in the city of Utrecht. Methods: In '86/'87 a general health survey was conducted by questionnaire. Relevant variables were extracted from the complete data set and their relation with (past) infection with C. pneumonias was analyzed by the Chisquare test. Infection with C pneumonias was determined by measuring IgG antibodies using an enzyme immunoassay, modified to minimize crossreactions. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 56.1%. After a peak in the age group of 5-10 years, there was an increase in prevalence of higher titers with age. The following variables were correlated with a higher seroprevalence: gender (males had more often antibodies; p<0.01), ethnic origin (especially males from Turkey; p<0.01), use of cardiovascular medication (only in males; p<0.01), use of diuretics (in males [p<0.01] and in females Ip=0.03]), cholesterol level (only in males from Dutch origin [p=0.04l) , Quetelet index (only in males from Dutch origin [p<0.01)), smoking of cigarettes (true in females [p<0.001], but not in males [p=0.251). There was no difference in the number of smokers between males and females (36.5% vs. 34.2%), but males smoked significantly more cigarettes per day than females (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Chronic infections with C. pneumonias are supposedly implicated as modulators in the process of atherogenesis. Infection with C. pneumonias occurs early in life and the level of antibodies increases with age probably due to reinfections, although a cohort effect cannot be excluded. These seroepidemiologic characteristics and the pattern of identified risk factors are consistent with this modulator hypothesis.
The aim of this study was to investigate chemical composition and physical parameters of naturally occurring modified (desialylated) low density lipoprotein (nom-LDL) as well as their metabolism in human aorta smooth muscle cells. Nom-LDL was separated from native LDL by lectinchromatography on RCAL,o-agarose. Nom-LDL had smaller size, higher density, and greater electrophoretic activity than native one. Content of neutral carbohydrates and sialic acid in nom-LDL was 1.5- to 3-fold lower than in native LDL. Modified LDL contained lower amounts of triglycerides, free and esterified cholesterol as compared to native lipoprotein. Nom-LDL was characterised by lower level of phospholipids, vitamin A and E, but higher content of Iysophospholipids and oxysterols. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and fatty acid hydroperoxides in freshly isolated native and modifed LDL were the same. On the other hand, oxidation of nom-LDL by copper ions was more pronounced than of native LDL. Nom-LDL revealed changes in the tertiary structure of apoB. Nom-LDL, but not native lipoprotein, induced 1.5-4-fold accumulation of neutral lipids in human aortic intimal smooth muscle cells. Binding and uptake of iodinated nom-LDL by intimal cells were 2- to 4-fold higher than of native LDL. Related rate of degradation of nom-LDL was 2- to 5-fold lower than degradation of native LDL. Obtained data demonstrate that 1) multiple parameters of nom-LDL differ from these of native LDL; 2) increased uptake and decreased intracellular degradation of nom-LDL may be the main cause of lipid accumulation in human aorta smooth muscle cells.