- Email: [email protected]
Identification of Tray-Waste in Elementary School Cafeterias
MONDAY, OCTOBER 23
Poster Session: Food/Nutrition Science; Education; Management; Food Services/Culinary; Research Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO) and Differences in Food Intake and Diet-Disease Relationships
Fruit and Vegetable Food Selection and Waste in a Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Elementary School After a Produce Intervention
Author(s): R. Hakeem1, A. Fawwad1,2, F. Shaheen1, N. Waris1,2, S. Nawab3, S. Shahid3, A. Basit1,2; 1Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, 2 Baqai Medical University, 3The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE)
Author(s): M. Weber, S. Antolini, K. Dismukes, D. Holben; The University of Mississippi, Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management
Learning Outcome: Appreciate the role of nutrigenomics in nutrition care of people with diabetes. Background: FTO-Gene variants are found to be associated with food intake, obesity, and metabolic risks. This study explored the differences in food intake and a possible association between diet and metabolic risk markers in type-2 diabetics having different FTO gene alleles. Methods: The study conducted from March 2011 to May 2013 at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE) Karachi, Pakistan. The current study is a part of a case-control study, intending to see the association of FTO gene variants with type 2 diabetes. Dietary data collected through 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire filled by a trained dietitian. Differences in energy and macronutrient intake in patients having different FTO gene alleles were explored and correlations between genetic, energy, macronutrients intake and metabolic risk variables in three FTO-gene-allele groups were compared. Results: Total of 198 adult type-2 diabetic (T2DM) patients categorized into 3 allelic groups recruited. Mean ages of TT, AA and AT alleles groups were 49.7 9.7, 49.3 10.6 and 50.2 8.8 years, respectively. Significant linear associations between diet and metabolic profile markers such as BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and lipid profile were observed among risk allele-AA that were not observed in other alleles groups. Significant associations (P<0.05) of energy intake and % level of carbohydrates and proteins with metabolic syndrome were also significantly higher among risk alleles AA (P<0.05). Conclusion: Metabolism of AA variants appears to be more sensitive to dietary components and supports the application of nutrigenomics in the management of type 2 diabetes. Keywords: Diet, T2DM, FTO, nutrigenomics. Funding Disclosure: None
Fluctuating Intrinsic Factor Antibody in Nitrous Oxide Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency with Combined Systems Disease Author(s): S. Kress1, U. Barden2, A. Hirsch3, M. Anoruo4; 1Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation; St. James School of Medicine, 2Caribbean Medical University, 3 Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation, 4St. James School of Medicine
Learning Outcome: Participants will be exposed to a unique finding not yet described in the literature. A man abusing nitrous oxide is found to have increased levels of intrinsic factor antibody which mysteriously returned to normal after cessation of nitrous oxide exposure and treatment with B12 injection. Possible mechanisms will be presented.
Introduction: Nitrous oxide-induced combined systems disease with elevated intrinsic factor antibody (IFAB), which responded to vitamin B12, has been reported. No case of normalization of this antibody with B12 treatment and nitrous oxide elimination has been described (Singer et al., 2007). Methods: CASE STUDY: A 55-year-old right-handed male dentist presented with a 3month of gradually numbness and tingling of his hands and feet. He admitted to inhaling N2O/O2 in a ratio of 50:50 on a weekly and biweekly basis for over a decade. Results: Sensory Examination: Absent vibration of bilateral lower extremities. Reflexes: absent throughout. Hemoglobin: 17.0 GMS/DL (normal). Labs: Hematocrit 54.1% (increased), Mean Corpuscular Volume 102.1 FL (Increased), Vitamin B12 190 PG/ML (decreased), Homocysteine 8 ug (normal), Methylmalonic Acid 0.4 UMOL/L (normal), total bilirubin: 1.5 mg/dl (increased), Intrinsic Factor antibody: 15 (N: 0.0 e 1.1) (increased). Within a month of treatment with B12 injections, muscle fatigue and vibration sensation normalized. Repeat B12 level was normal (609 PG/ML) and IFAB returned to normal dropping from 15 to 0.9.
Discussion: The mechanism whereby IFAB would initially be elevated then reduced to normal is unclear and it may represent transient antibody fluctuations or a generalized stress reaction with transient cortisol and secondary immunologic changes with fluctuations in antibodies. Further investigation of IFAB levels with nitrous oxide B12 induced deficiency as well as long-term levels in idiopathic pernicious anemia is warranted and may have implication in managing these disorders. REFERENCES Singer MA, Lazaridis C, Nations SP, Wolfe GI. Reversible nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy with pernicious anemia: case report
Learning Outcome: After the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the impact of a produce intervention on fruit and vegetable food selection and waste in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi elementary school. Background: The National School Lunch Program meal pattern has increased fruit and vegetable (FV) standards.
Research Outcome: This study examined the effect of a produce intervention on FV food selection and waste in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi elementary school.
Methods: A 6-week intervention (nutrition education, produce tastings, take-home produce for home usage) was implemented. The unannounced measurements evaluated the identical menu served at both pre- and post-intervention. The menu included French fries, raw grapes, canned/frozen peaches, raw broccoli, and raw cherry tomatoes. Food selection was measured by calculating the proportion of students selecting each item. At both pre and post, 10 servings of each item were weighed (GDEALER Digital Kitchen Scale) prior to lunch. Total served was calculated by multiplying the number of each item served by its average sample weight. All tray items not consumed were weighed. Total waste was calculated relative to amount served. Analysis: Data were analyzed (2 proportion z-score test) to compare FV food selected and wasted from pre- to post-intervention.
Results: Pre and post meals served/measured were 256 and 283, respectively. Only the proportion of students selecting peaches changed and increase from pre (33%) to post (43%) (p¼.01468). French fries waste decreased (p¼.00068), and peach, broccoli, and cherry tomato waste increased (p<.00001). Conclusions: A FV intervention was not effective in changing most FV selected or wasted by elementary school children, which may have been influenced by its short duration. More research is needed to determine how to best encourage FV consumption by school children.
Funding Disclosure: UM Foundation Food and Nutrition Security Support Fund (Donor: Monsanto)
Identification of Tray-Waste in Elementary School Cafeterias Author(s): Z. Rida1, J.A. Fischer2, J. Coffey3, N. Sehi2, B. Nacke2, A. Vatanasombat4; 1Nebraska Department of Education, 2University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3Lincoln Public Schools, 4 Tabitha Nursing Home
Learning Outcome: 1.Utilize innovative approaches of providing low cost solutions and sustainability strategies to reduce food waste and increase the consumption of foods consistent with the 2015 USDA Dietary Guidelines. 2.Address the implementation of combining lunchroom atmosphere with school synergies to promote consumption of healthy food items that meet the USDA meal pattern. 3.Suggest establishing partnerships between schools and RDN/NDTR in communities and universities for intervention that target students and their parents. The purpose of this study was to identify food waste in elementary school cafeterias and test a Smarter Lunchroom Intervention of modeling positive behavior’s impact on pre-post tray waste amounts. Food waste was measured through tray waste data collected in three conditions across nine (n¼9) K-5 schools: Intervention I (n¼1,978 students) included positive visual messaging through Team Nutrition and developed school role model posters, Intervention II (n¼1,729 students) included positive visual messaging through school role model posters, and Control group (n¼2,039 students) included no visual messaging. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to examine differences from prepost intervention in food waste. Data obtained from this study indicates that despite a lack of statistically significant effects, it seems that the Intervention 1 made the most improvements, having an increase of waste in only two categories, while the others had increases in three categories. Intervention 2 made small improvements in reducing entrée waste. The Control condition experienced the greatest increase in waste of all the conditions, mostly in fresh fruit. Overall, Intervention II consistently had the lowest waste levels. In terms of change, Intervention 1 showed the most improvement from pre-test to posttest. The finding of this study showed modeling positive behaviors were successful in reducing food waste. More efforts are needed to improve the gap between food offered and consumed. Registered Dietitians are uniquely qualified to help reduce food waste through research, education and training. There is a need of a full school approach to promote and encourage healthy eating habits among students.
Funding Disclosure: USDA/Team Nutrition/SNAP-Ed
Funding Disclosure: None
September 2017 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 117 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-57
Poster Session: Food/Nutrition Science; Education; Management; Food Services/Culinary; Research Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO) and Differences in Food Intake and Diet-Disease Relationships
Fruit and Vegetable Food Selection and Waste in a Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Elementary School After a Produce Intervention
Author(s): R. Hakeem1, A. Fawwad1,2, F. Shaheen1, N. Waris1,2, S. Nawab3, S. Shahid3, A. Basit1,2; 1Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, 2 Baqai Medical University, 3The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE)
Author(s): M. Weber, S. Antolini, K. Dismukes, D. Holben; The University of Mississippi, Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management
Learning Outcome: Appreciate the role of nutrigenomics in nutrition care of people with diabetes. Background: FTO-Gene variants are found to be associated with food intake, obesity, and metabolic risks. This study explored the differences in food intake and a possible association between diet and metabolic risk markers in type-2 diabetics having different FTO gene alleles. Methods: The study conducted from March 2011 to May 2013 at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE) Karachi, Pakistan. The current study is a part of a case-control study, intending to see the association of FTO gene variants with type 2 diabetes. Dietary data collected through 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire filled by a trained dietitian. Differences in energy and macronutrient intake in patients having different FTO gene alleles were explored and correlations between genetic, energy, macronutrients intake and metabolic risk variables in three FTO-gene-allele groups were compared. Results: Total of 198 adult type-2 diabetic (T2DM) patients categorized into 3 allelic groups recruited. Mean ages of TT, AA and AT alleles groups were 49.7 9.7, 49.3 10.6 and 50.2 8.8 years, respectively. Significant linear associations between diet and metabolic profile markers such as BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and lipid profile were observed among risk allele-AA that were not observed in other alleles groups. Significant associations (P<0.05) of energy intake and % level of carbohydrates and proteins with metabolic syndrome were also significantly higher among risk alleles AA (P<0.05). Conclusion: Metabolism of AA variants appears to be more sensitive to dietary components and supports the application of nutrigenomics in the management of type 2 diabetes. Keywords: Diet, T2DM, FTO, nutrigenomics. Funding Disclosure: None
Fluctuating Intrinsic Factor Antibody in Nitrous Oxide Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency with Combined Systems Disease Author(s): S. Kress1, U. Barden2, A. Hirsch3, M. Anoruo4; 1Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation; St. James School of Medicine, 2Caribbean Medical University, 3 Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation, 4St. James School of Medicine
Learning Outcome: Participants will be exposed to a unique finding not yet described in the literature. A man abusing nitrous oxide is found to have increased levels of intrinsic factor antibody which mysteriously returned to normal after cessation of nitrous oxide exposure and treatment with B12 injection. Possible mechanisms will be presented.
Introduction: Nitrous oxide-induced combined systems disease with elevated intrinsic factor antibody (IFAB), which responded to vitamin B12, has been reported. No case of normalization of this antibody with B12 treatment and nitrous oxide elimination has been described (Singer et al., 2007). Methods: CASE STUDY: A 55-year-old right-handed male dentist presented with a 3month of gradually numbness and tingling of his hands and feet. He admitted to inhaling N2O/O2 in a ratio of 50:50 on a weekly and biweekly basis for over a decade. Results: Sensory Examination: Absent vibration of bilateral lower extremities. Reflexes: absent throughout. Hemoglobin: 17.0 GMS/DL (normal). Labs: Hematocrit 54.1% (increased), Mean Corpuscular Volume 102.1 FL (Increased), Vitamin B12 190 PG/ML (decreased), Homocysteine 8 ug (normal), Methylmalonic Acid 0.4 UMOL/L (normal), total bilirubin: 1.5 mg/dl (increased), Intrinsic Factor antibody: 15 (N: 0.0 e 1.1) (increased). Within a month of treatment with B12 injections, muscle fatigue and vibration sensation normalized. Repeat B12 level was normal (609 PG/ML) and IFAB returned to normal dropping from 15 to 0.9.
Discussion: The mechanism whereby IFAB would initially be elevated then reduced to normal is unclear and it may represent transient antibody fluctuations or a generalized stress reaction with transient cortisol and secondary immunologic changes with fluctuations in antibodies. Further investigation of IFAB levels with nitrous oxide B12 induced deficiency as well as long-term levels in idiopathic pernicious anemia is warranted and may have implication in managing these disorders. REFERENCES Singer MA, Lazaridis C, Nations SP, Wolfe GI. Reversible nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy with pernicious anemia: case report
Learning Outcome: After the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the impact of a produce intervention on fruit and vegetable food selection and waste in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi elementary school. Background: The National School Lunch Program meal pattern has increased fruit and vegetable (FV) standards.
Research Outcome: This study examined the effect of a produce intervention on FV food selection and waste in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi elementary school.
Methods: A 6-week intervention (nutrition education, produce tastings, take-home produce for home usage) was implemented. The unannounced measurements evaluated the identical menu served at both pre- and post-intervention. The menu included French fries, raw grapes, canned/frozen peaches, raw broccoli, and raw cherry tomatoes. Food selection was measured by calculating the proportion of students selecting each item. At both pre and post, 10 servings of each item were weighed (GDEALER Digital Kitchen Scale) prior to lunch. Total served was calculated by multiplying the number of each item served by its average sample weight. All tray items not consumed were weighed. Total waste was calculated relative to amount served. Analysis: Data were analyzed (2 proportion z-score test) to compare FV food selected and wasted from pre- to post-intervention.
Results: Pre and post meals served/measured were 256 and 283, respectively. Only the proportion of students selecting peaches changed and increase from pre (33%) to post (43%) (p¼.01468). French fries waste decreased (p¼.00068), and peach, broccoli, and cherry tomato waste increased (p<.00001). Conclusions: A FV intervention was not effective in changing most FV selected or wasted by elementary school children, which may have been influenced by its short duration. More research is needed to determine how to best encourage FV consumption by school children.
Funding Disclosure: UM Foundation Food and Nutrition Security Support Fund (Donor: Monsanto)
Identification of Tray-Waste in Elementary School Cafeterias Author(s): Z. Rida1, J.A. Fischer2, J. Coffey3, N. Sehi2, B. Nacke2, A. Vatanasombat4; 1Nebraska Department of Education, 2University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3Lincoln Public Schools, 4 Tabitha Nursing Home
Learning Outcome: 1.Utilize innovative approaches of providing low cost solutions and sustainability strategies to reduce food waste and increase the consumption of foods consistent with the 2015 USDA Dietary Guidelines. 2.Address the implementation of combining lunchroom atmosphere with school synergies to promote consumption of healthy food items that meet the USDA meal pattern. 3.Suggest establishing partnerships between schools and RDN/NDTR in communities and universities for intervention that target students and their parents. The purpose of this study was to identify food waste in elementary school cafeterias and test a Smarter Lunchroom Intervention of modeling positive behavior’s impact on pre-post tray waste amounts. Food waste was measured through tray waste data collected in three conditions across nine (n¼9) K-5 schools: Intervention I (n¼1,978 students) included positive visual messaging through Team Nutrition and developed school role model posters, Intervention II (n¼1,729 students) included positive visual messaging through school role model posters, and Control group (n¼2,039 students) included no visual messaging. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to examine differences from prepost intervention in food waste. Data obtained from this study indicates that despite a lack of statistically significant effects, it seems that the Intervention 1 made the most improvements, having an increase of waste in only two categories, while the others had increases in three categories. Intervention 2 made small improvements in reducing entrée waste. The Control condition experienced the greatest increase in waste of all the conditions, mostly in fresh fruit. Overall, Intervention II consistently had the lowest waste levels. In terms of change, Intervention 1 showed the most improvement from pre-test to posttest. The finding of this study showed modeling positive behaviors were successful in reducing food waste. More efforts are needed to improve the gap between food offered and consumed. Registered Dietitians are uniquely qualified to help reduce food waste through research, education and training. There is a need of a full school approach to promote and encourage healthy eating habits among students.
Funding Disclosure: USDA/Team Nutrition/SNAP-Ed
Funding Disclosure: None
September 2017 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 117 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-57