- Email: [email protected]
IFC - inside front cover (Editors, Aims and Scope, etc.)
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE & ENGINEERING Editor-in-Chief Dr. VURAL SANDER SUICMEZ, Maersk Oil and Gas AS, København K, Denmark Assistant Editors Y. Cinar, Saudi Aramco, Saudi Arabia Z. Karpyn, Penn State University, Pennsylvania, USA Editorial Assistant S Kahrobaei, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands Associate Editors N. Al-Bulushi (Den Haag, Netherlands) A. AlSofi (Saudi Aramco, Saudi Arabia) R. Archer (Auckland, New Zealand) A. Aydemir (Ankara, Turkey) S. Ayirala (Houston, TX, USA) T. Aïfa (Rennes, France) E. Boek (London, England, UK) D. Dindoruk (Houston, Texas, USA) Y. Dong (Houston, TX, USA) H. Dou (Beijing, China) Y. Fan (Houston, TX, USA) R. Farajzadeh (Rijswijk, Netherlands) B. Hascakir (College Station, TX, USA)
E. Heidaryan (Perak, Malaysia) E. Kasap (Muscat, Oman) V. Kok (Ankara, Turkey) D. Li, (Houston, TX, USA) S. Livescu, (Calgary, AB, Canada) J. Lu (Stop C0300, Austin) S.A. Marinello (Houston, TX, USA) S. Mishra (Columbus, OH, USA) K. Mogensen (Doha, Qatar) R.G. Moghanloo (Norman, Oklahoma, USA) M. Ozbayoglu (Tulsa, OK, USA) C. Ozgen (Denver, CO USA) C.H. Pentland (Rijswijk, Netherlands)
M.R. Riazi (Surra, Kuwait) R. Samuel (Houston, TX, USA) D.J. Schiozer (Sao Paolo, Brazil) X. Shang (TX 77079, USA) C. Teodoriu (Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany) E. Unsal (Aberdeen, UK) H. Wang (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) W. Yan (Lyngby, Denmark) C. Yao, Ph.D. (Houston, TX, USA) M. Yu (Houston, Texas, USA) C. Yuan (Houston) J. Zhang (Houston, TX, USA)
Editorial Board B. Dindoruk (Houston, Texas, USA) R. Freij-Ayoub (North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia) N. Jaiswal (Houston, Texas, USA) X. Jing (Beijing, China)
M.J. Kaiser (Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA) F.J. Kuchuk (Clamart, France) K.K. Mohanty (Austin, Texas, USA) M.J. Pitts (Golden, Colorado, USA) J. Sheng (Houston, Texas, USA)
E. Stenby (Lyngby, Denmark) T. Yang (Stavanger, Norway) F. Zhou (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia)
Founding Editors G.V. Chilingarian and E.C. Donaldson Aims and Scope The Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering aims to integrate petroleum-related disciplines to enhance knowledge of reservoirs and reservoir behaviour. The objective of the Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering is to bridge the gap between the engineering, the geology and the science of petroleum and natural gas by publishing explicitly written articles intelligible to scientists and engineers working in any field of petroleum engineering, natural gas engineering and petroleum (natural gas) geology. An attempt is made in all issues to balance the subject matter and to appeal to a broad readership. The Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering covers the fields of petroleum (and natural gas) exploration, production and flow in its broadest possible sense. Topics include: origin and accumulation of petroleum (natural gas); petroleum (natural gas) geochemistry; reservoir engineering; rock mechanics/petrophysics; well logging, testing and evaluation; mathematical modelling; enhanced oil and gas recovery; petroleum (natural gas) geology; compaction/diagenesis; petroleum (natural gas) economics; drilling and drilling fluids; thermodynamics and phase behavior, fluid mechanics in porous media and multi-phase flow; reservoir simulation; production engineering; formation evaluation; exploration methods and C02 Sequestration in geological formations/sub-surface. Papers will be published with the minimum of publication delay. Research articles, case histories, field process reports, short communications, book reviews, symposia proceedings and review articles are accepted. Generally, review articles on some topic of special current interest will be published. Publication Information Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering (ISSN-0920-4105). For 2015 volumes 125–135 are scheduled for publication. Subscription prices are available upon request from the Publisher or from the Elsevier Customer Service Department nearest you or from this journal’s website (http://www.elsevier.com/ locate/petrol). Further information is available on this journal and other Elsevier products through Elsevier’s website (http://www.elsevier.com). Subscriptions are accepted on a prepaid basis only and are entered on a calendar year basis. Issues are sent by standard mail (surface within Europe, air delivery outside Europe). Priority rates are available upon request. Claims for missing issues should be made within six months of the date of dispatch. Orders, claims, and journal enquiries: please contact the Elsevier Customer Service Department nearest you: St. Louis: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 3251 Riverport Lane, Maryland Heights, MO 63043, USA; phone: (877) 8397126 [toll free within the USA]; (+1) (314) 4478878 [outside the USA]; fax: (+1) (314) 4478077; e-mail: [email protected] Oxford: Elsevier Customer Service Department, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK; phone: (+44) (1865) 843434; fax: (+44) (1865) 843970; e-mail: [email protected] Tokyo: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 4F Higashi-Azabu, 1-Chome Bldg, 1-9-15 Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan; phone: (+81) (3) 5561 5037; fax: (+81) (3) 5561 5047; e-mail: [email protected] Singapore: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 3 Killiney Road, #08-01 Winsland House I, Singapore 239519; phone: (+65) 63490222; fax: (+65) 67331510; e-mail: [email protected]
The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) Printed by Polestar Wheatons Ltd., Exeter, UK
E. Heidaryan (Perak, Malaysia) E. Kasap (Muscat, Oman) V. Kok (Ankara, Turkey) D. Li, (Houston, TX, USA) S. Livescu, (Calgary, AB, Canada) J. Lu (Stop C0300, Austin) S.A. Marinello (Houston, TX, USA) S. Mishra (Columbus, OH, USA) K. Mogensen (Doha, Qatar) R.G. Moghanloo (Norman, Oklahoma, USA) M. Ozbayoglu (Tulsa, OK, USA) C. Ozgen (Denver, CO USA) C.H. Pentland (Rijswijk, Netherlands)
M.R. Riazi (Surra, Kuwait) R. Samuel (Houston, TX, USA) D.J. Schiozer (Sao Paolo, Brazil) X. Shang (TX 77079, USA) C. Teodoriu (Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany) E. Unsal (Aberdeen, UK) H. Wang (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) W. Yan (Lyngby, Denmark) C. Yao, Ph.D. (Houston, TX, USA) M. Yu (Houston, Texas, USA) C. Yuan (Houston) J. Zhang (Houston, TX, USA)
Editorial Board B. Dindoruk (Houston, Texas, USA) R. Freij-Ayoub (North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia) N. Jaiswal (Houston, Texas, USA) X. Jing (Beijing, China)
M.J. Kaiser (Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA) F.J. Kuchuk (Clamart, France) K.K. Mohanty (Austin, Texas, USA) M.J. Pitts (Golden, Colorado, USA) J. Sheng (Houston, Texas, USA)
E. Stenby (Lyngby, Denmark) T. Yang (Stavanger, Norway) F. Zhou (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia)
Founding Editors G.V. Chilingarian and E.C. Donaldson Aims and Scope The Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering aims to integrate petroleum-related disciplines to enhance knowledge of reservoirs and reservoir behaviour. The objective of the Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering is to bridge the gap between the engineering, the geology and the science of petroleum and natural gas by publishing explicitly written articles intelligible to scientists and engineers working in any field of petroleum engineering, natural gas engineering and petroleum (natural gas) geology. An attempt is made in all issues to balance the subject matter and to appeal to a broad readership. The Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering covers the fields of petroleum (and natural gas) exploration, production and flow in its broadest possible sense. Topics include: origin and accumulation of petroleum (natural gas); petroleum (natural gas) geochemistry; reservoir engineering; rock mechanics/petrophysics; well logging, testing and evaluation; mathematical modelling; enhanced oil and gas recovery; petroleum (natural gas) geology; compaction/diagenesis; petroleum (natural gas) economics; drilling and drilling fluids; thermodynamics and phase behavior, fluid mechanics in porous media and multi-phase flow; reservoir simulation; production engineering; formation evaluation; exploration methods and C02 Sequestration in geological formations/sub-surface. Papers will be published with the minimum of publication delay. Research articles, case histories, field process reports, short communications, book reviews, symposia proceedings and review articles are accepted. Generally, review articles on some topic of special current interest will be published. Publication Information Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering (ISSN-0920-4105). For 2015 volumes 125–135 are scheduled for publication. Subscription prices are available upon request from the Publisher or from the Elsevier Customer Service Department nearest you or from this journal’s website (http://www.elsevier.com/ locate/petrol). Further information is available on this journal and other Elsevier products through Elsevier’s website (http://www.elsevier.com). Subscriptions are accepted on a prepaid basis only and are entered on a calendar year basis. Issues are sent by standard mail (surface within Europe, air delivery outside Europe). Priority rates are available upon request. Claims for missing issues should be made within six months of the date of dispatch. Orders, claims, and journal enquiries: please contact the Elsevier Customer Service Department nearest you: St. Louis: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 3251 Riverport Lane, Maryland Heights, MO 63043, USA; phone: (877) 8397126 [toll free within the USA]; (+1) (314) 4478878 [outside the USA]; fax: (+1) (314) 4478077; e-mail: [email protected] Oxford: Elsevier Customer Service Department, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK; phone: (+44) (1865) 843434; fax: (+44) (1865) 843970; e-mail: [email protected] Tokyo: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 4F Higashi-Azabu, 1-Chome Bldg, 1-9-15 Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan; phone: (+81) (3) 5561 5037; fax: (+81) (3) 5561 5047; e-mail: [email protected] Singapore: Elsevier Customer Service Department, 3 Killiney Road, #08-01 Winsland House I, Singapore 239519; phone: (+65) 63490222; fax: (+65) 67331510; e-mail: [email protected]
The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) Printed by Polestar Wheatons Ltd., Exeter, UK