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Improvement in the lime kiln
IMPROVEMENT
IN THE
LIME
KILXS,
1’1~s kiln is macle of either earth, brick, or stone, and formed in the fbllowing described manuer :One end of said kiln is built of a square form, having four sides of about eight feet wide each, and ten feet in height. At the bottom of said square art are three furnaces, or arches, with divisions between them, simt.Par to those in the arches of a brick kiln; these arches extend in depth the same as that of the square part before mentioned, the part over the arches is then filled up, and made level to form the floor of said square part; in the centre of one of the four sides of said square part, there is a door, either at the height of the floor, or higher up. From one, two, or all the four sides of said square parts, projech au arch, or vault, of a semi-circular form, and about six feet in I& ht: said arch, or vault, extends out about 26 feet, and is formed bevelF~ng towards the extreme end. At the bottom of the end of said vault there are three furnaces, or arches, in every respect similar to the arches in the square part before described : over each of said arches, at the height of the level iloor there are three o the purpose of introducing the wood art of the arch or vault. door in the square part ; and laid on the floor of the arch or vault, which is on a level with the bottom of the furnaces or arches before mentioned, the lime-stone is so placed as to form a continuation of the arches at the ends of the kiln. The upper part of the vault or arch is then filled in a compact manner, leaving a vacuum or space between the wall of the narrow end of the vault, and the lime-stone ; which vacuum contains the fire that is made on the level part over the under arches. \Vhcn the lime-stone is all stowed, the mouth or opening in the widest end of the vault or vaults is then bricked up with loose bricks, the arches filled with wood, and fire set to it, and let burn until the lime-stone is turmztl to lime. [Land02L Joumd.
‘l-0 CONVERT
IRON
INTO
STEEL.
It is we1I known to all persons conversant with the art of converting iron into steel, that the pulverized charcoal or carbon, together with whatever other substance they may mix with it, if any, is laid into the furnace in layers, between each layer or strata of iron. 1st. To nluke ooze sitle of cornmonJht bum of iron into steel, but Idf through CCIC~L Dar. Let there be first, a layer of carbon in the common way; then a layer of bars of iron; then a la er of clay, or mrxture of clay, that will not melt with the necessary Keat to be applied, or any ot!mr sub&ancc not containing carbon sufficient to convert non into steel, arid that has no tendency to dama e the purity of iron. The next layer of iron lo be laid upon this ci:ay or other substance, and then agaira
IN THE
LIME
KILXS,
1’1~s kiln is macle of either earth, brick, or stone, and formed in the fbllowing described manuer :One end of said kiln is built of a square form, having four sides of about eight feet wide each, and ten feet in height. At the bottom of said square art are three furnaces, or arches, with divisions between them, simt.Par to those in the arches of a brick kiln; these arches extend in depth the same as that of the square part before mentioned, the part over the arches is then filled up, and made level to form the floor of said square part; in the centre of one of the four sides of said square part, there is a door, either at the height of the floor, or higher up. From one, two, or all the four sides of said square parts, projech au arch, or vault, of a semi-circular form, and about six feet in I& ht: said arch, or vault, extends out about 26 feet, and is formed bevelF~ng towards the extreme end. At the bottom of the end of said vault there are three furnaces, or arches, in every respect similar to the arches in the square part before described : over each of said arches, at the height of the level iloor there are three o the purpose of introducing the wood art of the arch or vault. door in the square part ; and laid on the floor of the arch or vault, which is on a level with the bottom of the furnaces or arches before mentioned, the lime-stone is so placed as to form a continuation of the arches at the ends of the kiln. The upper part of the vault or arch is then filled in a compact manner, leaving a vacuum or space between the wall of the narrow end of the vault, and the lime-stone ; which vacuum contains the fire that is made on the level part over the under arches. \Vhcn the lime-stone is all stowed, the mouth or opening in the widest end of the vault or vaults is then bricked up with loose bricks, the arches filled with wood, and fire set to it, and let burn until the lime-stone is turmztl to lime. [Land02L Joumd.
‘l-0 CONVERT
IRON
INTO
STEEL.
It is we1I known to all persons conversant with the art of converting iron into steel, that the pulverized charcoal or carbon, together with whatever other substance they may mix with it, if any, is laid into the furnace in layers, between each layer or strata of iron. 1st. To nluke ooze sitle of cornmonJht bum of iron into steel, but Idf through CCIC~L Dar. Let there be first, a layer of carbon in the common way; then a layer of bars of iron; then a la er of clay, or mrxture of clay, that will not melt with the necessary Keat to be applied, or any ot!mr sub&ancc not containing carbon sufficient to convert non into steel, arid that has no tendency to dama e the purity of iron. The next layer of iron lo be laid upon this ci:ay or other substance, and then agaira