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In vitro and in silico comparisons of different alternatives for biodiesel byproduct glycerol utilisation
S118
Abstracts / New Biotechnology 33S (2016) S1–S213
P11-5 In vitro and in silico comparisons of different alternatives for biodiesel byproduct glycerol utilisation Áron Németh Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Beside biodiesel production, the recovery of different wastes like used cooking oil gives again interest to plant oil utilization and generates a lot of raw glycerol. In the present study we experimentally tested its application in three bioprocesses: (1) glycerol bioconversion to 1,3-propanediol, (2) glycerol fermentation to lactic acid, and (3) glycerol fermentation to ergosterol. The first case we intensively studied previously. The aim of our work is to produce with bacterial fermentation the enzymes of anaerobic glycerol utilization pathway, i.e. glycerol-dehydrogenase, glycerol dehydratase and 1,3propanediol-oxydoreductase. Therefore, according to a recent report of Alberto Rodriguez [Bioresource Technology 200 (2016) 830–837], we tested the applicability of Shimwellia blattae as enzyme source for production of the anaerobic glycerol pathway’s enzymes. In this process, crude glycerol can be utilized both in the fermentative enzyme production, and in the enzymatic bioconversion to 1,3-propanediol. Secondly, we extended our previous lactic acid researches to glycerol based fermentation, which is poorly reported, but have great interests. Since lactic acid is formed via glycolysis having glycerol-3-phosphate as intermediate, furthermore glycerol utilization is really frequent among microorganism, we checked in vitro the usefulness of glycerol in L-(+)-lactic acid fermentation. We found, that really slowly but it can be consumed and converted into lactic acid. Finally, we started yeast fermentations to convert glycerol into biomass. Fungal biomass has significant ergosterol content, which can be extracted and converted into D2-vitamin. This three scenarios were simulated with SuperPro Designer flowsheeting software to support decision on selecting the most effective glycerol utilization. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1132
P11-6 Continuous production of succinic acid by fermentation of Actinobacillus succinogenes
characterized in terms of concentration of glucose, cells, acids, and pH measured under steady-state conditions. The biomass concentration vs. the dilution rate (D) was characterized by a maximum at D = 0.2 h−1 . The results obtained suggested that the process is characterized by product inhibition. The SA yield was quite high under all the operating conditions and it ranged between 0.77 and 1.09 gSA /gGLU. Acetic and formic acids were produced at low concentration, resulting in SA selectivity values larger than 80%. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1133
P11-7 Factors influencing starch accumulation in microalga Chlorella sorokiniana Imma Gifuni ∗ , Antonino Pollio, Giuseppe Olivieri, Antonio Marzocchella University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy The recent trends in microalgal exploitation are focused on the biorefinery of microalgal biomass: all components are valorized in different fields to make the whole process cost-effective. The studies reported in the literature suggest the use of proteins as animal nutrient, lipids as biodiesel resource, pigments as natural dyes, and carbohydrates as feedstock for bioethanol production. The largest microalgal carbohydrates fraction is composed by starch that has potential application in the food and non-food industries. This contribution reports the effect of the nitrogen concentration in the medium and of the CO2 concentration in the gas stream on the cell growth and starch accumulation for autotrophic cultures of Chlorella sorokiniana. Nitrogen concentration is known to affect microalgal composition in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate fractions, while the increase of CO2 in the liquid phase enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis and the synthesis of carbohydrates as end-product. The microalgal growth has been carried out in inclined bubble column photobioreactors – working volume of 1.5 L – at the temperature of 25 ◦ C under continuous irradiation of 300 E m−2 s−1 and a gas flow rate of 2 L min−1 . The maximum biomass and starch productivity of 0.55 and 0.17 kg m−3 day−1 has been measured for initial nitrogen concentration of 32 mg L−1 and 2% of CO2 in the fed gas stream. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1134
Mariateresa Ferone ∗ , Francesca Raganati, Giuseppe Olivieri, Antonio Marzocchella, Piero Salatino
P11-8
Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
Miniscule architectonic of pterin deaminase from Bacillus megaterium
Succinic acid (SA) is a high-value target molecule and may be used as a platform chemical for several chemical and polymeric applications. SA may be produced via the biotechnological route from sugars. Actinobacillus succinogenes – a Gram-negative capnophilic bacterium isolated from the bovine rumen – is considered one of the most promising strains for industrial SA production. Indeed, A. succinogenes is able to produce a comparatively large amount of succinic acid by using a wide spectrum of carbohydrates as carbon sources. This contribution reports the kinetic characterization of the SA production by A. succinogenes. The results refer to tests carried out in continuous fermenter operated under controlled pH. Glucose was used as carbon source. The conversion process was
J. Karunyadevi ∗ , J. Angayarkanni Bharathiar University, India Cancer is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. Antifolates are one among important therapeutic compounds which targets folic acid pool. The depletion of folic acid inhibits the DNA synthesis leading to cell death as folic acid is an important cofactor for DNA synthesis. A similar mechanism of antitumor activity was reported with pterin deaminase. With only few reports on pterin deaminase, the antitumor activity of the enzyme was patented long back in 1959. However, the structure and properties of the enzyme has not yet been elucidated successfully. These stimulated to speculate deeply on elucidation of characteristic
Abstracts / New Biotechnology 33S (2016) S1–S213
P11-5 In vitro and in silico comparisons of different alternatives for biodiesel byproduct glycerol utilisation Áron Németh Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Beside biodiesel production, the recovery of different wastes like used cooking oil gives again interest to plant oil utilization and generates a lot of raw glycerol. In the present study we experimentally tested its application in three bioprocesses: (1) glycerol bioconversion to 1,3-propanediol, (2) glycerol fermentation to lactic acid, and (3) glycerol fermentation to ergosterol. The first case we intensively studied previously. The aim of our work is to produce with bacterial fermentation the enzymes of anaerobic glycerol utilization pathway, i.e. glycerol-dehydrogenase, glycerol dehydratase and 1,3propanediol-oxydoreductase. Therefore, according to a recent report of Alberto Rodriguez [Bioresource Technology 200 (2016) 830–837], we tested the applicability of Shimwellia blattae as enzyme source for production of the anaerobic glycerol pathway’s enzymes. In this process, crude glycerol can be utilized both in the fermentative enzyme production, and in the enzymatic bioconversion to 1,3-propanediol. Secondly, we extended our previous lactic acid researches to glycerol based fermentation, which is poorly reported, but have great interests. Since lactic acid is formed via glycolysis having glycerol-3-phosphate as intermediate, furthermore glycerol utilization is really frequent among microorganism, we checked in vitro the usefulness of glycerol in L-(+)-lactic acid fermentation. We found, that really slowly but it can be consumed and converted into lactic acid. Finally, we started yeast fermentations to convert glycerol into biomass. Fungal biomass has significant ergosterol content, which can be extracted and converted into D2-vitamin. This three scenarios were simulated with SuperPro Designer flowsheeting software to support decision on selecting the most effective glycerol utilization. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1132
P11-6 Continuous production of succinic acid by fermentation of Actinobacillus succinogenes
characterized in terms of concentration of glucose, cells, acids, and pH measured under steady-state conditions. The biomass concentration vs. the dilution rate (D) was characterized by a maximum at D = 0.2 h−1 . The results obtained suggested that the process is characterized by product inhibition. The SA yield was quite high under all the operating conditions and it ranged between 0.77 and 1.09 gSA /gGLU. Acetic and formic acids were produced at low concentration, resulting in SA selectivity values larger than 80%. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1133
P11-7 Factors influencing starch accumulation in microalga Chlorella sorokiniana Imma Gifuni ∗ , Antonino Pollio, Giuseppe Olivieri, Antonio Marzocchella University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy The recent trends in microalgal exploitation are focused on the biorefinery of microalgal biomass: all components are valorized in different fields to make the whole process cost-effective. The studies reported in the literature suggest the use of proteins as animal nutrient, lipids as biodiesel resource, pigments as natural dyes, and carbohydrates as feedstock for bioethanol production. The largest microalgal carbohydrates fraction is composed by starch that has potential application in the food and non-food industries. This contribution reports the effect of the nitrogen concentration in the medium and of the CO2 concentration in the gas stream on the cell growth and starch accumulation for autotrophic cultures of Chlorella sorokiniana. Nitrogen concentration is known to affect microalgal composition in protein, lipid, and carbohydrate fractions, while the increase of CO2 in the liquid phase enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis and the synthesis of carbohydrates as end-product. The microalgal growth has been carried out in inclined bubble column photobioreactors – working volume of 1.5 L – at the temperature of 25 ◦ C under continuous irradiation of 300 E m−2 s−1 and a gas flow rate of 2 L min−1 . The maximum biomass and starch productivity of 0.55 and 0.17 kg m−3 day−1 has been measured for initial nitrogen concentration of 32 mg L−1 and 2% of CO2 in the fed gas stream. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1134
Mariateresa Ferone ∗ , Francesca Raganati, Giuseppe Olivieri, Antonio Marzocchella, Piero Salatino
P11-8
Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Italy
Miniscule architectonic of pterin deaminase from Bacillus megaterium
Succinic acid (SA) is a high-value target molecule and may be used as a platform chemical for several chemical and polymeric applications. SA may be produced via the biotechnological route from sugars. Actinobacillus succinogenes – a Gram-negative capnophilic bacterium isolated from the bovine rumen – is considered one of the most promising strains for industrial SA production. Indeed, A. succinogenes is able to produce a comparatively large amount of succinic acid by using a wide spectrum of carbohydrates as carbon sources. This contribution reports the kinetic characterization of the SA production by A. succinogenes. The results refer to tests carried out in continuous fermenter operated under controlled pH. Glucose was used as carbon source. The conversion process was
J. Karunyadevi ∗ , J. Angayarkanni Bharathiar University, India Cancer is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. Antifolates are one among important therapeutic compounds which targets folic acid pool. The depletion of folic acid inhibits the DNA synthesis leading to cell death as folic acid is an important cofactor for DNA synthesis. A similar mechanism of antitumor activity was reported with pterin deaminase. With only few reports on pterin deaminase, the antitumor activity of the enzyme was patented long back in 1959. However, the structure and properties of the enzyme has not yet been elucidated successfully. These stimulated to speculate deeply on elucidation of characteristic