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anti-estrogenic effects from food additives and cosmetic preservatives
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 205S (2011) S60–S179
was more effective than Col-1R1 may be due to its higher contents of carotenoids, glucane and chitine, which act as antioxidants and chelating agents. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.512
P1279 Correlation of ELISA and LC–MS/MS methods in determination of urinary ractopamine residual concentrations in treated pigs J. Pleadin 1,∗ , A. Vulic´ 1 , N. Perˇsi 1 , W. Radeck 2
S145
Cells were exposed to individual compounds (300 nM to 600 M) and in combination with estradiol (100 pM) for 24 h before lysis and luminometric analysis. Of all compounds tested, only BP presented an estrogenic effect. Although, BP potency (EC50 = 3.6 M) was lower than that of E2 (EC50 = 5.2 pM) its maximal induction was 1.8 times higher. BHA and PG induced a significant reduction of E2. Supra-maximal induction of certain compounds in estrogenic reporter-gene assay has been previously reported but its causes are still uncertain. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this behaviour is reported for BP but the impact for risk assessment is yet to be evaluated. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.514
1
Laboratory For Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia, 2 Eu and National Reference Laboratory, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Berlin, Germany Ractopamine is a phenethanolamine -adrenergic agonist that promotes muscle growth in swine. It appears to reduce fat deposition through a direct action on adipose tissue, thus increasing the rate of lipolysis and decreasing lipid synthesis. As the use of -agonists, including ractopamine in farm animals for meat production is banned in EU, and in order to monitor for their illegal use, sensitive analytical methods able to detect low concentrations in appropriate matrices should be employed. The aim of the study was to correlate residual ractopamine concentrations in urine of pigs during fattening, using previously validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a screening method and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) as a confirmation method. On days during the 28-day treatment and 24 h of withdrawal of ractopamine administration in anabolic dose, ractopamine residual concentrations were determined in urine of 9 treated and 3 control pigs, with and without sample enzyme hydrolysis with -glucuronidase. The level of ractopamine and its conjugates in pig urine processed with enzyme hydrolysis for both analytical methods was 2-fold to 10-fold that of urine samples analyzed without enzyme hydrolysis, with maximal mean value of 768.6 ± 202.7 ng/mL on day 24 of treatment. The correlation coefficient for ELISA and LC–MS/MS methods was 0.991 with hydrolysis and 0.958 without hydrolysis, yielding a high correlation between the analytical methods in determination of ractopamine residues in urine as a matrix for monitoring its abuse. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.513
P1280 In vitro estrogenic/anti-estrogenic effects from food additives and cosmetic preservatives ˜ 2 , F. Loghin 1 , A.C. Gutleb 2 A. Pop 1,∗ , M. Montano
P1281 Detection of aflatoxin M1A in different milk products from Greek market I.N. Tsakiris 1,∗ , M.N. Tzatzarakis 2 , E.N. Kokkinakis 3 , P.G. Mitliangka 1 1 Agricultural Products Marketing and Quality Control, TEI of Western Macedonia, Florina Branch, Florina, Greece, 2 Forensic Sciences & Toxicology, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklion, Greece, 3 Food Quality Laboratory, Technological Education Institute of Crete, Ierapetra, Greece
Dietary milk is considered as one of the most widespread dairy products possessing an important role in human daily food consumption. Despite its high nutritional value in the same time demonstrate a potential for introducing xenobiotics into human body. Mycotoxins are some of the most common detected xenobiotics in human milk. Special aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), which is the product of aflatoxin B1 metabolize, has been detected in milk samples. In current study the levels and frequency of AFM1 detected in milk samples from Greek market from November of 2009 up to February of 2010 (a total of 76 samples) are presented. The milk samples (full fat and low fat) are originated from 3 different categories i.e. conventional, organic and kids milk. The quantitative analysis of AFM1, was performed by ELISA method, using Ridascreen AFM1 test kit. The followed procedure based on the kit details. 100 microliters of milk from each sample were used for the analysis and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm in ELISA plate reader. The LOQ of the suggested method was 5 ng/l. AFM1 was not detected in 42 from 76 samples (percentage 55.2%). The AFM1 levels in conventional, biological and kids milk samples are ranged from 5.29 -21.1 (25 out of 58 milk samples), 5–38.8 (5 out of 18 samples) and 5–10.9 (4 out of 18 milk samples) respectively. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.515
1
Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 2 Department of Environment and Agro-biotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public Gabriel Lippmann, Belveaux, Luxembourg Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and propyl gallate (PG) are antioxidants used in products containing animal fats or vegetable oils. Butylparaben (BP) is used as a preservative in cosmetics and drug formulations. Recent in vitro studies found estrogenic effects for PG while other research found it to be anti-estrogenic. BHA and BHT showed estrogenic effect in several studies, but the lack of estrogenic effect was also reported. The objective was to study the potential estrogenic and/or antiestrogenic effect of these compounds on human breast cancer cells (T47DKBluc), stably transfected with a luciferase reporter gene.
P1282 A survey of chloropropanols (3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP) in soy sauces and similar products from Brazil E. Vicente 1,∗ , A.P. Arisseto 2 , V. Monteiro 3 , R.P.Z. Furlani 2 , M.C.F. Toledo 4 Ccqa, Food Technology Institute - ITAL, Campinas, Brazil, 2 Ccqa, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos - ITAL, Campinas, Brazil, 3 Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 4 Ciência De Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil 1
Chloropropanols are well known processing contaminants of soy sauces and are formed during the treatment of protein-
was more effective than Col-1R1 may be due to its higher contents of carotenoids, glucane and chitine, which act as antioxidants and chelating agents. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.512
P1279 Correlation of ELISA and LC–MS/MS methods in determination of urinary ractopamine residual concentrations in treated pigs J. Pleadin 1,∗ , A. Vulic´ 1 , N. Perˇsi 1 , W. Radeck 2
S145
Cells were exposed to individual compounds (300 nM to 600 M) and in combination with estradiol (100 pM) for 24 h before lysis and luminometric analysis. Of all compounds tested, only BP presented an estrogenic effect. Although, BP potency (EC50 = 3.6 M) was lower than that of E2 (EC50 = 5.2 pM) its maximal induction was 1.8 times higher. BHA and PG induced a significant reduction of E2. Supra-maximal induction of certain compounds in estrogenic reporter-gene assay has been previously reported but its causes are still uncertain. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this behaviour is reported for BP but the impact for risk assessment is yet to be evaluated. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.514
1
Laboratory For Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia, 2 Eu and National Reference Laboratory, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Berlin, Germany Ractopamine is a phenethanolamine -adrenergic agonist that promotes muscle growth in swine. It appears to reduce fat deposition through a direct action on adipose tissue, thus increasing the rate of lipolysis and decreasing lipid synthesis. As the use of -agonists, including ractopamine in farm animals for meat production is banned in EU, and in order to monitor for their illegal use, sensitive analytical methods able to detect low concentrations in appropriate matrices should be employed. The aim of the study was to correlate residual ractopamine concentrations in urine of pigs during fattening, using previously validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a screening method and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) as a confirmation method. On days during the 28-day treatment and 24 h of withdrawal of ractopamine administration in anabolic dose, ractopamine residual concentrations were determined in urine of 9 treated and 3 control pigs, with and without sample enzyme hydrolysis with -glucuronidase. The level of ractopamine and its conjugates in pig urine processed with enzyme hydrolysis for both analytical methods was 2-fold to 10-fold that of urine samples analyzed without enzyme hydrolysis, with maximal mean value of 768.6 ± 202.7 ng/mL on day 24 of treatment. The correlation coefficient for ELISA and LC–MS/MS methods was 0.991 with hydrolysis and 0.958 without hydrolysis, yielding a high correlation between the analytical methods in determination of ractopamine residues in urine as a matrix for monitoring its abuse. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.513
P1280 In vitro estrogenic/anti-estrogenic effects from food additives and cosmetic preservatives ˜ 2 , F. Loghin 1 , A.C. Gutleb 2 A. Pop 1,∗ , M. Montano
P1281 Detection of aflatoxin M1A in different milk products from Greek market I.N. Tsakiris 1,∗ , M.N. Tzatzarakis 2 , E.N. Kokkinakis 3 , P.G. Mitliangka 1 1 Agricultural Products Marketing and Quality Control, TEI of Western Macedonia, Florina Branch, Florina, Greece, 2 Forensic Sciences & Toxicology, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklion, Greece, 3 Food Quality Laboratory, Technological Education Institute of Crete, Ierapetra, Greece
Dietary milk is considered as one of the most widespread dairy products possessing an important role in human daily food consumption. Despite its high nutritional value in the same time demonstrate a potential for introducing xenobiotics into human body. Mycotoxins are some of the most common detected xenobiotics in human milk. Special aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), which is the product of aflatoxin B1 metabolize, has been detected in milk samples. In current study the levels and frequency of AFM1 detected in milk samples from Greek market from November of 2009 up to February of 2010 (a total of 76 samples) are presented. The milk samples (full fat and low fat) are originated from 3 different categories i.e. conventional, organic and kids milk. The quantitative analysis of AFM1, was performed by ELISA method, using Ridascreen AFM1 test kit. The followed procedure based on the kit details. 100 microliters of milk from each sample were used for the analysis and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm in ELISA plate reader. The LOQ of the suggested method was 5 ng/l. AFM1 was not detected in 42 from 76 samples (percentage 55.2%). The AFM1 levels in conventional, biological and kids milk samples are ranged from 5.29 -21.1 (25 out of 58 milk samples), 5–38.8 (5 out of 18 samples) and 5–10.9 (4 out of 18 milk samples) respectively. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.515
1
Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 2 Department of Environment and Agro-biotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public Gabriel Lippmann, Belveaux, Luxembourg Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and propyl gallate (PG) are antioxidants used in products containing animal fats or vegetable oils. Butylparaben (BP) is used as a preservative in cosmetics and drug formulations. Recent in vitro studies found estrogenic effects for PG while other research found it to be anti-estrogenic. BHA and BHT showed estrogenic effect in several studies, but the lack of estrogenic effect was also reported. The objective was to study the potential estrogenic and/or antiestrogenic effect of these compounds on human breast cancer cells (T47DKBluc), stably transfected with a luciferase reporter gene.
P1282 A survey of chloropropanols (3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP) in soy sauces and similar products from Brazil E. Vicente 1,∗ , A.P. Arisseto 2 , V. Monteiro 3 , R.P.Z. Furlani 2 , M.C.F. Toledo 4 Ccqa, Food Technology Institute - ITAL, Campinas, Brazil, 2 Ccqa, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos - ITAL, Campinas, Brazil, 3 Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 4 Ciência De Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil 1
Chloropropanols are well known processing contaminants of soy sauces and are formed during the treatment of protein-