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In vivo measurement of mandibular bone mineral density in normal dental subjects by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
130s
Abstracts The 7th International
Congress
Bone Vol. 19, No. 3, Supplement September 1996:1293-1693
of Bone Morphometry
3
5
ERYTHROPOITM ALSO CHANGES HISTOMORPHOMETRIC FINDINGS OF RENAL. OSTEODYSTROPHY KAbendroth and A.Sihole*; B.Abendroth, T.Seidel, Department of Internal Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, (Germany) and * Department of Nepbrology, St.Cyril & Methodins University Skopje (Macedonia)
ANABOLIC EFFECTS OF PARATHYROID HORMONE AND GROWTH HORMONE ON VERTEBRAL BODY CORTKAL AND CANCELLOUS BONE IN OLD OVARIECTOMIZED RATS T.T. Andreassen, H. Oxlund Department of Connective Tissue Biology, University of Aarhus. Denmark. Introduction Both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and growth hormone (GH) exert anabolic effects on bones of old rats? We have now given the two hormones separately and simultaneously to old ovariectomized rats and investigated cancellous and cortical bone and mechanical strength of the vertebral bodies. Materials and Methods Female Spraque-Dawley rats. 10 months old, were ovariectomized or sham operated. 8 months later the ovariectomized rats were injected with: PTH (l-34) [60rgxkg ‘xday’]. rhGH [2.7 mgxkg’xday ‘1or PTH (l-34) plus rhCiH (same doses as above). Duration of injection period 2 months. The experiment Included the following groups: 1) Stan controls IO months old, 2) Sham 18 months old, 3) Ovx 18 months old, and injected
16 uremic patients in chronic dialysis were treated with recombinant human erythropoitin (EPO) for 1 year. The hematocrit value increases from less than 28% to 30-35vol.%. The aim ofthis study was to observe the effects of EPO treatment (Recormor? Boehringer/ Mannheim) on histomorphometric hone parameters of renal osteodystrophy (ROD) over 1 year. Bone biopsies were taken from each patient before the start and after 12 month of EPO-therapy. Undecalci6ed sections of each biopsy were trichrom stained after Masson-Goldner. Aluminum deposits were ident& ed and quantified after staining with amintricarboxylic acid. Results: EPO therapy in ROD seems to cause an increase ofbone eroded surface, of osteoclasts and osteoblasts but a decrease of osteoid volume and osteoid surface. High values of aluminum deposits in ROD are connected with a decrease of osteoblasts, an increase of eroded surfaceand less significant of osteoclasts after EPO-treatment.( table 1 I * = t-test + ) 1Tablel:data before / 1whole group 1Al neg. /(+) 1Al pas. +ff 1
Signs of ROD are detectable in analysed cases but in Merent extent and stage. A main modifying factor could be a high value of altium deposits. The histomorphometrical results indicate an enhancement of secondary HPT connected with a decrease of osteoidosis by EPO therapy. But the effect of EPO is less sigoificant in ROD with high aluminum extent.
groups 4) Sham-placebo
20 months old. 5) Ovx-placebo
20 months old, 6)
Ovx-PTH 20 months old. 7) Ovx-rhCH 20 months old, 8) Ovx-PTH + rhGH 20 months old. LV,bodies were used to determine: mechanical competence by longitudinal comoression. densitv. cross sectional area and heieht. LV.bodies we& used for b&e histomorphdmetry using mid-saggital sectrons. ’ Results Ultimate Load (UL): Compared with Ovx-placebo [mean k SEM 272 f 18 newton] UL was increased by 51% in Ovx-rhGH (p
4
6
IL-1 6 AND IL-1 RA GENE EXPRESSION IN TRANSILIAC BONE BIOPSIES: CORRELATION WI1 H BONE LOSS AND HISTOMORPHOMETRY IN HEALTHY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. B. Abrahamsen, V. Shalhoub, E. Larson, E.F. Eriksen, H. Beck-Nielsen 8. S.C. Marks, Jr. Depts 01 Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and Aarhus Amtssygehus, Denmark, Dept. of Cell Biology, UMASS Medical Center, MA, USA.
IN WV0 MEASUREMENT OF MANDIBULAR BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN NORMAL DENTAL SUBJECTS BY DUAL-ENERGY XRAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DEXA). A. Apostoloooulou, A. Yatzides. 8. Magiasis, G. Lyritis Medlab Medical Institute, Athens, (Greece)
A high production of the potent inducer of bone resorption IL-1 relative to the antagonist IL-lra has been proposed as a cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis. RT-PCR was performed on bone biopsies from 23 early postmenopausal women (11 estrogen treated, 7 untreated with a BMD loss rate in the upper tertile. 5 untreated with a loss rate in the lower tertile). Biopsies were pulverized in TrizolR for extraction of RNA, DNA and protein. RNA samples were DNAse treated and amplified using primers for IL-1 13.IL-l ra and the housekeeping gene GAPDH. Amplifications were carried out with aftlicial standards and the specificity confirmed by Southern transfer. If possible, IL-lb& / IL-lra ratio. change in BMD a second bone bioosv was used for tetracyclin%belled histomorphometry (N=16). ~~~~~~~~~~ ‘umb*BMDpay* 1““treated (l-057,. E O-0 45, Bone densitv and -loss was I _ measured bi DXA (Hologic QDR-1000. QDR-2000) The IL-lO/lL-lra ratio was higher in the fast loss group ??
compared with the slow loss group (P
From a review of the literature it is apparent that there is little information about the bone mineral status of the mandible, especially in viva. The last decade attempts to evaluate mandibular bone quality by using the new radiologic technology. However, difficulty in standardising head position, the anatomical singularity of the mandible when compared to other parts of the skeleton as well as the absence of a specific software for the mandible made it extremely difficult in normal practice. The purpose of this study is: a) to present a non-invasive method for the direct measurement of the bone mineral density of the mandible using DEXA scans and b) to determine the reproducibility in a standardized site in the body of the mandible. Materials and Method: 6 normal dentate persons (5 men and 3 women between 25-40 years of age) without tooth loss or marginal periodontal diseases were scanned 5 times/person in the area of mandible within 6 months. Lunar DPX bone densitometre was used for the DEXA scans. A specific “head-holder” supported the head of the subject during the scan in order to keep always the x-ray beam perpendicular to the sagittal plane of the mandible and a bite-block secured the reproducible position of the mandible. Although the whole mandible was scanned, the genial symphysis was selected for the BMD measurements as it Is independent of the presence or absence of teeth. Results: The mean BMD value was 2.619. For men and BMD = 2.404. For women the reproducibility-expressed as a coefficient of variationwas 1.9%. The method used for mandibular BMD would make it possible to define an average BMD in several categories of the normal population and of patients and to compare bone density of the mandible with that of the axial and perpendicular skeleton clarifying probably in the future the role of osteoporosis in oral bone loss.
Abstracts The 7th International
Congress
Bone Vol. 19, No. 3, Supplement September 1996:1293-1693
of Bone Morphometry
3
5
ERYTHROPOITM ALSO CHANGES HISTOMORPHOMETRIC FINDINGS OF RENAL. OSTEODYSTROPHY KAbendroth and A.Sihole*; B.Abendroth, T.Seidel, Department of Internal Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, (Germany) and * Department of Nepbrology, St.Cyril & Methodins University Skopje (Macedonia)
ANABOLIC EFFECTS OF PARATHYROID HORMONE AND GROWTH HORMONE ON VERTEBRAL BODY CORTKAL AND CANCELLOUS BONE IN OLD OVARIECTOMIZED RATS T.T. Andreassen, H. Oxlund Department of Connective Tissue Biology, University of Aarhus. Denmark. Introduction Both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and growth hormone (GH) exert anabolic effects on bones of old rats? We have now given the two hormones separately and simultaneously to old ovariectomized rats and investigated cancellous and cortical bone and mechanical strength of the vertebral bodies. Materials and Methods Female Spraque-Dawley rats. 10 months old, were ovariectomized or sham operated. 8 months later the ovariectomized rats were injected with: PTH (l-34) [60rgxkg ‘xday’]. rhGH [2.7 mgxkg’xday ‘1or PTH (l-34) plus rhCiH (same doses as above). Duration of injection period 2 months. The experiment Included the following groups: 1) Stan controls IO months old, 2) Sham 18 months old, 3) Ovx 18 months old, and injected
16 uremic patients in chronic dialysis were treated with recombinant human erythropoitin (EPO) for 1 year. The hematocrit value increases from less than 28% to 30-35vol.%. The aim ofthis study was to observe the effects of EPO treatment (Recormor? Boehringer/ Mannheim) on histomorphometric hone parameters of renal osteodystrophy (ROD) over 1 year. Bone biopsies were taken from each patient before the start and after 12 month of EPO-therapy. Undecalci6ed sections of each biopsy were trichrom stained after Masson-Goldner. Aluminum deposits were ident& ed and quantified after staining with amintricarboxylic acid. Results: EPO therapy in ROD seems to cause an increase ofbone eroded surface, of osteoclasts and osteoblasts but a decrease of osteoid volume and osteoid surface. High values of aluminum deposits in ROD are connected with a decrease of osteoblasts, an increase of eroded surfaceand less significant of osteoclasts after EPO-treatment.( table 1 I * = t-test + ) 1Tablel:data before / 1whole group 1Al neg. /(+) 1Al pas. +ff 1
Signs of ROD are detectable in analysed cases but in Merent extent and stage. A main modifying factor could be a high value of altium deposits. The histomorphometrical results indicate an enhancement of secondary HPT connected with a decrease of osteoidosis by EPO therapy. But the effect of EPO is less sigoificant in ROD with high aluminum extent.
groups 4) Sham-placebo
20 months old. 5) Ovx-placebo
20 months old, 6)
Ovx-PTH 20 months old. 7) Ovx-rhCH 20 months old, 8) Ovx-PTH + rhGH 20 months old. LV,bodies were used to determine: mechanical competence by longitudinal comoression. densitv. cross sectional area and heieht. LV.bodies we& used for b&e histomorphdmetry using mid-saggital sectrons. ’ Results Ultimate Load (UL): Compared with Ovx-placebo [mean k SEM 272 f 18 newton] UL was increased by 51% in Ovx-rhGH (p
4
6
IL-1 6 AND IL-1 RA GENE EXPRESSION IN TRANSILIAC BONE BIOPSIES: CORRELATION WI1 H BONE LOSS AND HISTOMORPHOMETRY IN HEALTHY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. B. Abrahamsen, V. Shalhoub, E. Larson, E.F. Eriksen, H. Beck-Nielsen 8. S.C. Marks, Jr. Depts 01 Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and Aarhus Amtssygehus, Denmark, Dept. of Cell Biology, UMASS Medical Center, MA, USA.
IN WV0 MEASUREMENT OF MANDIBULAR BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN NORMAL DENTAL SUBJECTS BY DUAL-ENERGY XRAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DEXA). A. Apostoloooulou, A. Yatzides. 8. Magiasis, G. Lyritis Medlab Medical Institute, Athens, (Greece)
A high production of the potent inducer of bone resorption IL-1 relative to the antagonist IL-lra has been proposed as a cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis. RT-PCR was performed on bone biopsies from 23 early postmenopausal women (11 estrogen treated, 7 untreated with a BMD loss rate in the upper tertile. 5 untreated with a loss rate in the lower tertile). Biopsies were pulverized in TrizolR for extraction of RNA, DNA and protein. RNA samples were DNAse treated and amplified using primers for IL-1 13.IL-l ra and the housekeeping gene GAPDH. Amplifications were carried out with aftlicial standards and the specificity confirmed by Southern transfer. If possible, IL-lb& / IL-lra ratio. change in BMD a second bone bioosv was used for tetracyclin%belled histomorphometry (N=16). ~~~~~~~~~~ ‘umb*BMDpay* 1““treated (l-057,. E O-0 45, Bone densitv and -loss was I _ measured bi DXA (Hologic QDR-1000. QDR-2000) The IL-lO/lL-lra ratio was higher in the fast loss group ??
compared with the slow loss group (P
From a review of the literature it is apparent that there is little information about the bone mineral status of the mandible, especially in viva. The last decade attempts to evaluate mandibular bone quality by using the new radiologic technology. However, difficulty in standardising head position, the anatomical singularity of the mandible when compared to other parts of the skeleton as well as the absence of a specific software for the mandible made it extremely difficult in normal practice. The purpose of this study is: a) to present a non-invasive method for the direct measurement of the bone mineral density of the mandible using DEXA scans and b) to determine the reproducibility in a standardized site in the body of the mandible. Materials and Method: 6 normal dentate persons (5 men and 3 women between 25-40 years of age) without tooth loss or marginal periodontal diseases were scanned 5 times/person in the area of mandible within 6 months. Lunar DPX bone densitometre was used for the DEXA scans. A specific “head-holder” supported the head of the subject during the scan in order to keep always the x-ray beam perpendicular to the sagittal plane of the mandible and a bite-block secured the reproducible position of the mandible. Although the whole mandible was scanned, the genial symphysis was selected for the BMD measurements as it Is independent of the presence or absence of teeth. Results: The mean BMD value was 2.619. For men and BMD = 2.404. For women the reproducibility-expressed as a coefficient of variationwas 1.9%. The method used for mandibular BMD would make it possible to define an average BMD in several categories of the normal population and of patients and to compare bone density of the mandible with that of the axial and perpendicular skeleton clarifying probably in the future the role of osteoporosis in oral bone loss.