- Email: [email protected]
Increase adaptive capacity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to biotic stress by means methods of biotechnology
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Poster presentations / Current Opinion in Biotechnology 24S (2013) S48–S143
infected plants, indicating greater intensity of defense signaling in infected plants. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.420 Epression of CYCD3 gene in meiosis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Aliona Cucereavii 1 , Victoria Nechifor 2 , Angela Port 2 , Maria Duca 2 1
Research Center AMG-Agroselect, Republic of Moldova 2 University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, University Center of Molecular Biology, Republic of Moldova E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Cucereavii). The D-type cyclins play crucial roles in cell division especially to enter into G1/S of mitotic cycle and some members (CYCD1 and CYCD2) are associated with meiosis I to meiosis II transition. Also, they have been implicated in the activation of transcription factors, differentiation and apoptosis. This type of cyclins is well studied in animals, but it is limited data regarding their functions in plants. For example, about CYCD3 from Helianthus annuus is known only nucleotide sequence without a detailed description of the function. To extend our understanding related to cyclins function in microsporogenesis, it was established the level of CYCD3 gene expression in isogenic lines (line A with cytoplasmic male sterility and male fertile line B — maintainer) in different stages of male meiosis under normal and gibberellin (GA3) treated conditions. CYCD3 expression was estimated with RT qPCR using Maxima SYBR Green/ROX qPCR Master Mix (Fermentas). The primers were designed through Primer3 Web v. 3.0.0. software from the H. annuus mRNA coding sequence [GenBank: AY033440.1]. The gene expression level was generally low and varied by genotype and stage of meiosis. The higher values of expression were observed in the transition phase of meiosis I to meiosis II in both genotypes. In the same stage of microsporogenesis, the gene expression level of GA3 treated plants, line 058B and 058A, increased 2–4 times, respectively. As a result it is concluded that obvious changes in CYCD3 expression during meiosis, is determined by exogenous application of gibberellins still in the pre-meiosis stage.
degree in the Central and South areas of the Republic of Moldova, are given by a broomrape populations more virulent than the race F. Consequently, the behavior of some sunflower differentials for the broomrape races has showed the parasite’s virulence is increasing in the Republic of Moldova. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.422 Increase adaptive capacity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to biotic stress by means methods of biotechnology Radyi Suleimenov, Zhazira Rashidenova, Olesya Raiser, Damelya Tagimanova, Oxana Khapilina Research and Production Center of Grain Farming by name A. Baraeva, Astana, Kazakhstan E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Suleimenov). Legumes are a major factor in the stability of agriculture because of their unique ability to assimilate atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria. In Kazakhstan is possible to cultivate the major grain legumes not only for domestic needs, but also for export. The cultivation of pea in the region associated with a number of difficulties — the lack of seed production base and high susceptibility to infection of pea by fungal diseases and pests. The losses of pea crop from pests and diseases can reach more than 30–50%. Diseases of pea such as root rot and fusarioz are the most dangerous. One of the fastest growing areas aimed to create a new source of material for selection is the use of biotechnology techniques. Methods of cell selection for resistance to biotic stresses primarily developed for most crops, including peas. The studies allowed us to identify the strain Fusarium oxysporum, callus of pea obtained are resistant to the pathogen. It is established that the yield of somaclonal variants is much higher if the selection of genotypes is carried out on selective media. Also, the frequency of morphogenic callus formation affected by the temperature and duration of heat stress in culture in vitro. The yield of somaclonal variants is considerably higher if the selection is performed on the genotypes of the selective medium. Obtained regenerates of pea resistant to cultural filtrate of F. oxysporum. The plants are tested in the selection process.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.423
Highly virulent races of sunflower broomrape in the Republic of Moldova
Production dynamics analysis in Beba Veche area
Ion Gisca 1 , Adriana Acciu 2 , Aliona Glijin 2 , Maria Duca 2 1
Carmen Dumitrescu, Cosmin Salasan, Iasmina Iosim, Tiberiu Iancu, Simona Martin, Ada Flavia Cristina, Virgil Marcu
Research Center AMG-Agroselect, Republic of Moldova University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, University Center of Molecular Biology, Republic of Moldova E-mail address: [email protected] (I. Gisca).
Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Agricultural Management, Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine from Timisoara, Romania E-mail address: ada fl[email protected] (A.F. Cristina).
In last years in Republic of Moldova the new races of Orobanche cumana Wallr. have developed. Using five differential lines (LC1002A; LC-1003 A; LC-1093; PR 64A71; LG) with known reaction to the broomrape races from Romania, the tests of broomrape collected in the North, Central and South areas of the Republic of Moldova was performed. In the artificial infestation conditions, the sunflower differentials set demonstrated a highly virulence of broomrape in our country. The parasite infestation degree on genotypes resistant to the old races has shown that new populations are more aggressive. There are two important areas differing by infestation degree and the presence of different virulence groups. In Balti area, a city which is situated in the North part of the Republic of Moldova, the broomrape population is more virulent than the race E, but not as aggressive as the F race is. A high infestation
The Beba Veche area represents one of the most productive areas of Timis¸ County, Romania. In this paper we analyzed the dynamics of average production/ha and the dynamics of surfaces cultivated for the main agricultural crops of cereals, technical plants, legume and vegetables. The analyses model that we propose implies the calculus of slope coefficient and the conclusions are expressed based on its values. The concurrent study of slope coefficient for average production and cultivated surface allows the issue of some conclusions linked to producer interest for a certain crop even when the evolution of technical or natural conditions has an ascending or descending character. We find four combinations regarding the values of slope coefficient which are explained in the paper.
2
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.424
Poster presentations / Current Opinion in Biotechnology 24S (2013) S48–S143
infected plants, indicating greater intensity of defense signaling in infected plants. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.420 Epression of CYCD3 gene in meiosis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Aliona Cucereavii 1 , Victoria Nechifor 2 , Angela Port 2 , Maria Duca 2 1
Research Center AMG-Agroselect, Republic of Moldova 2 University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, University Center of Molecular Biology, Republic of Moldova E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Cucereavii). The D-type cyclins play crucial roles in cell division especially to enter into G1/S of mitotic cycle and some members (CYCD1 and CYCD2) are associated with meiosis I to meiosis II transition. Also, they have been implicated in the activation of transcription factors, differentiation and apoptosis. This type of cyclins is well studied in animals, but it is limited data regarding their functions in plants. For example, about CYCD3 from Helianthus annuus is known only nucleotide sequence without a detailed description of the function. To extend our understanding related to cyclins function in microsporogenesis, it was established the level of CYCD3 gene expression in isogenic lines (line A with cytoplasmic male sterility and male fertile line B — maintainer) in different stages of male meiosis under normal and gibberellin (GA3) treated conditions. CYCD3 expression was estimated with RT qPCR using Maxima SYBR Green/ROX qPCR Master Mix (Fermentas). The primers were designed through Primer3 Web v. 3.0.0. software from the H. annuus mRNA coding sequence [GenBank: AY033440.1]. The gene expression level was generally low and varied by genotype and stage of meiosis. The higher values of expression were observed in the transition phase of meiosis I to meiosis II in both genotypes. In the same stage of microsporogenesis, the gene expression level of GA3 treated plants, line 058B and 058A, increased 2–4 times, respectively. As a result it is concluded that obvious changes in CYCD3 expression during meiosis, is determined by exogenous application of gibberellins still in the pre-meiosis stage.
degree in the Central and South areas of the Republic of Moldova, are given by a broomrape populations more virulent than the race F. Consequently, the behavior of some sunflower differentials for the broomrape races has showed the parasite’s virulence is increasing in the Republic of Moldova. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.422 Increase adaptive capacity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to biotic stress by means methods of biotechnology Radyi Suleimenov, Zhazira Rashidenova, Olesya Raiser, Damelya Tagimanova, Oxana Khapilina Research and Production Center of Grain Farming by name A. Baraeva, Astana, Kazakhstan E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Suleimenov). Legumes are a major factor in the stability of agriculture because of their unique ability to assimilate atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria. In Kazakhstan is possible to cultivate the major grain legumes not only for domestic needs, but also for export. The cultivation of pea in the region associated with a number of difficulties — the lack of seed production base and high susceptibility to infection of pea by fungal diseases and pests. The losses of pea crop from pests and diseases can reach more than 30–50%. Diseases of pea such as root rot and fusarioz are the most dangerous. One of the fastest growing areas aimed to create a new source of material for selection is the use of biotechnology techniques. Methods of cell selection for resistance to biotic stresses primarily developed for most crops, including peas. The studies allowed us to identify the strain Fusarium oxysporum, callus of pea obtained are resistant to the pathogen. It is established that the yield of somaclonal variants is much higher if the selection of genotypes is carried out on selective media. Also, the frequency of morphogenic callus formation affected by the temperature and duration of heat stress in culture in vitro. The yield of somaclonal variants is considerably higher if the selection is performed on the genotypes of the selective medium. Obtained regenerates of pea resistant to cultural filtrate of F. oxysporum. The plants are tested in the selection process.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.423
Highly virulent races of sunflower broomrape in the Republic of Moldova
Production dynamics analysis in Beba Veche area
Ion Gisca 1 , Adriana Acciu 2 , Aliona Glijin 2 , Maria Duca 2 1
Carmen Dumitrescu, Cosmin Salasan, Iasmina Iosim, Tiberiu Iancu, Simona Martin, Ada Flavia Cristina, Virgil Marcu
Research Center AMG-Agroselect, Republic of Moldova University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, University Center of Molecular Biology, Republic of Moldova E-mail address: [email protected] (I. Gisca).
Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Agricultural Management, Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine from Timisoara, Romania E-mail address: ada fl[email protected] (A.F. Cristina).
In last years in Republic of Moldova the new races of Orobanche cumana Wallr. have developed. Using five differential lines (LC1002A; LC-1003 A; LC-1093; PR 64A71; LG) with known reaction to the broomrape races from Romania, the tests of broomrape collected in the North, Central and South areas of the Republic of Moldova was performed. In the artificial infestation conditions, the sunflower differentials set demonstrated a highly virulence of broomrape in our country. The parasite infestation degree on genotypes resistant to the old races has shown that new populations are more aggressive. There are two important areas differing by infestation degree and the presence of different virulence groups. In Balti area, a city which is situated in the North part of the Republic of Moldova, the broomrape population is more virulent than the race E, but not as aggressive as the F race is. A high infestation
The Beba Veche area represents one of the most productive areas of Timis¸ County, Romania. In this paper we analyzed the dynamics of average production/ha and the dynamics of surfaces cultivated for the main agricultural crops of cereals, technical plants, legume and vegetables. The analyses model that we propose implies the calculus of slope coefficient and the conclusions are expressed based on its values. The concurrent study of slope coefficient for average production and cultivated surface allows the issue of some conclusions linked to producer interest for a certain crop even when the evolution of technical or natural conditions has an ascending or descending character. We find four combinations regarding the values of slope coefficient which are explained in the paper.
2
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.424