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Inferential differential
370A
PROPERTIES:GENERAL
958094 A comparative study of soil column experiments and inverse parameter optimization predicting the unsaturated hydraulic functions G. Nutzmann, H. Moser & K. Joswig, in: Water pollution III: modelling, measuring and prediction, ed L.C. Wrobel & P. Latinopoulos, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1995, pp 57-64. Several experimental methods were employed to determine effectivehydraulic functions of an unsaturated homogeneous sand. Classicalone-step outflow and evaporation experiments were carried out on small soilcolumns, and a modified onestep outflow method was employed on a column with 150 em length and a saturated-unsaturated water flow. Only the large column experiment results allows conclusions to be drawn from parameter variation to pore size distribution and the hydraulic behaviour of the soil in a dynamic flow regime. (Authors) 958095 Three-dimensional numerical codes for simulating groundwater contaminatin: FLOW3D, flow in saturated and unsaturated porous media C. Paniconi, S. Ferraris, M. Putti, G. Pini & G. Gambolati, in: Computer techniques in environmental studies V. Voi. I: pollution modeling, ed P. Zannetti, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1994, pp 149-156. This paper describes a numerical code for a three-dimensional groundwater flow model. The model is developed for the case of variably saturated porous media, applicable to both the unsaturated (soil)zone and the saturated (groundwater) zone. The governing equation is nonlinear, and is linearized using either Picard or Newton iteration. The code handles: temporally and spatially variable boundary conditions, including seepage faces and evaporation/precipitation inputs; heterogeneous material properties and hydraulic characteristics, including saturated conductivities, porosities, and storage coefficients;and various expressions to describe the moisture content-pressure head and relative conductivitypressure head relationships. The model solves for nodal pressure heads, and uses these values to compute the water saturations and velocities over the flow domain. (from Authors) 958096 Solute breakthrough curves for processed kaofin at low flow rates C. D. Shackelford & P. L. Redmond, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - ASCE, 121(1), 1995, pp 17-32. Solute breakthrough curves for a 0.01-M NaCI solution permeated through two compacted test specimens of processed kaolin soil are measured at two volumetric flow rates using a flow pump system. Regression analyses of the effluent solute concentrations with two analytical models indicated that diffusion dominated the transport process in the two column tests. The results of this laboratory study tend to confirm previous field studies that indicate diffusion-dominated transport at the low flow rates common in fine-grained barrier materials. (from Authors) 958097 A coupled model of flow and source term for simulating the radionuclides release from a geological radioactive waste disposal C. Conde, A. Francos, A. Hidalgo, U. Kindelan & F. Michavila, in: Water pollution Ill: modelling, measuring and prediction, ed L.C. Wrobel & P. Latinopoulos, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1995, pp 137-144. In this paper a numerical model for simulating the amount of radionuclides leaving a hypothetical geological waste disposal, owing to the action of the groundwater flow is
developed. The model couples the hydraulic equation with those governing the evolution of the bulk of the stored radioactive waste. The former equations are solved in a Flow model while the latter ones are solved inside a Source Term model. (from Authors) 958098 The Henry problemfor saltwater intrusion A. E. Croucher & M. J. O'Sullivan, Water Resources Research, 31(7), 1995, pp 1809-1814. Previous solutions of the idealized saltwater intrusion problem known as the Henry problem are discussed, and possible reasons for the observed discrepancies between then are given. High-accuracy finite difference techniques are used to solve the nondimensionalized equations governing the problem, and a fine grid is used so that the solutions obtained contain only very small truncation errors. Comparison of past results with the present solutions indicate the presence of significant inaccuracy in certain earlier results and the effects of numerical dispersion in other previous solutions calculated using relatively few grid points. (Authors)
PROPERTIES OF ROCKS AND SOILS General 958099 Inferential differential K. Fleming, Ground Engineering, 28(4), 1995, pp 18-19. This first in a series of articles on the foundations industry discusses current soil mechanics testing techniques and practices, calling many of these into question. According to the author, current practices are not good enough, and new laboratory and field tests are needed. (J.M.McLaughlin) 958100
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Vol. I) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1992, 325 pp. This volume is divided into three parts: part 1 a brief introduction to the field of non-metallic minerals; part 2 the industrial minerals and rocks according to their uses and part 3, the main part of the volume, deals with the minerals and rocks individually. It describes definitions, grades and specifications; uses; technology, including exploration and development; mineralogy and geology; world occurrences and Pakistan occurrences. The materials are described in alphabetical order starting with abrasive materials and finishing with diamonds. (from Authors) 958101
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Voi. 11) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1993, 283 pp. This follows on from Volume I, and deals with world and Pakistan occurrences of non-metallic industrial minerals, in alphabetical order, from feldspar to perlitc. (G.E.Hodgson) 958102
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Fol. III) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1993, 191 pp. Following on from Volumes I and II, the world and Pakistan occurrences of non-metallic industrialminerals are described, in alphabetical order, from phosphate to vermiculite. There then follows a section on miscellaneous commodities,
PROPERTIES:GENERAL
958094 A comparative study of soil column experiments and inverse parameter optimization predicting the unsaturated hydraulic functions G. Nutzmann, H. Moser & K. Joswig, in: Water pollution III: modelling, measuring and prediction, ed L.C. Wrobel & P. Latinopoulos, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1995, pp 57-64. Several experimental methods were employed to determine effectivehydraulic functions of an unsaturated homogeneous sand. Classicalone-step outflow and evaporation experiments were carried out on small soilcolumns, and a modified onestep outflow method was employed on a column with 150 em length and a saturated-unsaturated water flow. Only the large column experiment results allows conclusions to be drawn from parameter variation to pore size distribution and the hydraulic behaviour of the soil in a dynamic flow regime. (Authors) 958095 Three-dimensional numerical codes for simulating groundwater contaminatin: FLOW3D, flow in saturated and unsaturated porous media C. Paniconi, S. Ferraris, M. Putti, G. Pini & G. Gambolati, in: Computer techniques in environmental studies V. Voi. I: pollution modeling, ed P. Zannetti, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1994, pp 149-156. This paper describes a numerical code for a three-dimensional groundwater flow model. The model is developed for the case of variably saturated porous media, applicable to both the unsaturated (soil)zone and the saturated (groundwater) zone. The governing equation is nonlinear, and is linearized using either Picard or Newton iteration. The code handles: temporally and spatially variable boundary conditions, including seepage faces and evaporation/precipitation inputs; heterogeneous material properties and hydraulic characteristics, including saturated conductivities, porosities, and storage coefficients;and various expressions to describe the moisture content-pressure head and relative conductivitypressure head relationships. The model solves for nodal pressure heads, and uses these values to compute the water saturations and velocities over the flow domain. (from Authors) 958096 Solute breakthrough curves for processed kaofin at low flow rates C. D. Shackelford & P. L. Redmond, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - ASCE, 121(1), 1995, pp 17-32. Solute breakthrough curves for a 0.01-M NaCI solution permeated through two compacted test specimens of processed kaolin soil are measured at two volumetric flow rates using a flow pump system. Regression analyses of the effluent solute concentrations with two analytical models indicated that diffusion dominated the transport process in the two column tests. The results of this laboratory study tend to confirm previous field studies that indicate diffusion-dominated transport at the low flow rates common in fine-grained barrier materials. (from Authors) 958097 A coupled model of flow and source term for simulating the radionuclides release from a geological radioactive waste disposal C. Conde, A. Francos, A. Hidalgo, U. Kindelan & F. Michavila, in: Water pollution Ill: modelling, measuring and prediction, ed L.C. Wrobel & P. Latinopoulos, (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1995, pp 137-144. In this paper a numerical model for simulating the amount of radionuclides leaving a hypothetical geological waste disposal, owing to the action of the groundwater flow is
developed. The model couples the hydraulic equation with those governing the evolution of the bulk of the stored radioactive waste. The former equations are solved in a Flow model while the latter ones are solved inside a Source Term model. (from Authors) 958098 The Henry problemfor saltwater intrusion A. E. Croucher & M. J. O'Sullivan, Water Resources Research, 31(7), 1995, pp 1809-1814. Previous solutions of the idealized saltwater intrusion problem known as the Henry problem are discussed, and possible reasons for the observed discrepancies between then are given. High-accuracy finite difference techniques are used to solve the nondimensionalized equations governing the problem, and a fine grid is used so that the solutions obtained contain only very small truncation errors. Comparison of past results with the present solutions indicate the presence of significant inaccuracy in certain earlier results and the effects of numerical dispersion in other previous solutions calculated using relatively few grid points. (Authors)
PROPERTIES OF ROCKS AND SOILS General 958099 Inferential differential K. Fleming, Ground Engineering, 28(4), 1995, pp 18-19. This first in a series of articles on the foundations industry discusses current soil mechanics testing techniques and practices, calling many of these into question. According to the author, current practices are not good enough, and new laboratory and field tests are needed. (J.M.McLaughlin) 958100
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Vol. I) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1992, 325 pp. This volume is divided into three parts: part 1 a brief introduction to the field of non-metallic minerals; part 2 the industrial minerals and rocks according to their uses and part 3, the main part of the volume, deals with the minerals and rocks individually. It describes definitions, grades and specifications; uses; technology, including exploration and development; mineralogy and geology; world occurrences and Pakistan occurrences. The materials are described in alphabetical order starting with abrasive materials and finishing with diamonds. (from Authors) 958101
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Voi. 11) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1993, 283 pp. This follows on from Volume I, and deals with world and Pakistan occurrences of non-metallic industrial minerals, in alphabetical order, from feldspar to perlitc. (G.E.Hodgson) 958102
Minerals and rocks for industry ( Fol. III) Z. Ahmad & R. A. Siddiqi, (Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta), 1993, 191 pp. Following on from Volumes I and II, the world and Pakistan occurrences of non-metallic industrialminerals are described, in alphabetical order, from phosphate to vermiculite. There then follows a section on miscellaneous commodities,