Inffluence of injection nozzle improvement on the emission in a DI diesel engine

Abstracts/JSAE Review 17 (1996) 435-458 of fluctuations of the engine hydrocarbon concentration. This paper describes the system configuration and applications to the cylinder gas or exhaust manifold gas for indication of the cycle variation. The characteristics of the sampling system are the most important to the fast response, and the effects of the Transfer Sample Lines are described. The system is capable of indicating fluctuations of the hydrocarbon concentration with the response time in the order of ms. 9633810 Analysis of Hydrocarbons in Automotive Emissions using High Speed GC - High Speed Analysis of Ten Minutes' Separation and less than 20 Minutes' Cycle - Satoshi Ohtsuki, Tsutomu Oie, Yutaka Yamagishi (Horiba Ltd.) High concern for air pollution throughout the world has been placing even stricter restrictions on automotive emissions. Recently, from the point of view of photochemical reactions, the speciation of automotive emissions, namely the measuring of the weight of each component has been requested. For this reason, we at HORIBA have developed the MEXA-3000GC analyzer capable of easily and quickly measuring the speciation of automotive emissions. This paper describes the principles of operation and features of the MEXA-3000GC. 9633829 Application of CARS for Air-Fuel Ratio Measurements Part 1: Evaluation of Application Technique for CARS - Shigem Akimoto, Tadasu Takahashi (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.) CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy) has been applied to measure air-fuel ratio ( A / F ) in a S.1. Engine. The first method is based on conventional CARS and determines the A / F from the ratio of the resonant to the non-resonant oxygen signals. The second technique is based on 3-Color CARS which simultaneously generates both nitrogen and fuel signals and determines the A / F from the ratio of these CARS spectra. A comparison of these techniques shows that the 3-Color CARS has a higher resolution with respect to changes in A / F and indicates that it is the more effective technique for application to S.i. Engines. 9633838 Application of CARS for Air-Fuel Ratio Measurements Part 2: Techniques to Improve Measurement Precision - Tadasu Takahashi, Shigeru Akimoto (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.) 3-color CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy) which simultaneously generates both nitrogen and fuel signals has been applied to air-fuel ratio ( A / F ) measurements. A particular problem with this method is that pulse-to-pulse Stokes laser variations determine the precision of the measurements. This Stokes laser fluctuation was compensated for using a reference CARS signal obtained from a standard gas and substituting dual and narrowband laser generation for the broadband laser generation. This improved the stability of the single-shot CARS, creating a practical measurement system with high reproducibility. 9633847 The Two-Stroke List Diesel - A New Approach to Motorize Small Comfort Cars - Reinhard Knoll, Peter Prenninger, Gerhard Feichtinger (AVL List GmhH, Austria) With the new generation of very small passenger cars the question arises how to motorize these cars with efficient Diesel engines, without deteriorating driving comfort and power density. A possible answer to this question may he given by the new 3-cylinder 2-stroke Diesel engine with direct injection designed and manufactured by AVL. The presentation of the so-called AVL-Prof. List 2-stroke Diesel engine includes the engine concept, design features, the thermodynamic layout, CFD in-cylinder flow modelling and first engine results from the engine dynamometer. 9633856 Influence of Injection Nozzle Improvement on the Emission in a DI Diesel Engine Toshiyuki Yoda, Tomoji Matsukawa, Tomoyuki Tsuda (Nippondenso Co., Ltd.) The improvement of NOx-PM trade-off is the most important for a Diesel Engine. The result of examination and analysis show that the improvement of the injection nozzle, that is increased fuel velocity at the orifice, reduce the NOx-PM trade-off emission.

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9633865 Development of Low Emission Diesel Engine - The Effect of Electronically Controlled Common.Rail Type Fuel Injection System on Engine Performance, Exhaust Emission, Smoke - Yusuke Adachi, Akira Matuura, Naoaki Uchino, Kiyoshi Suginuma (Hino Motors, Ltd.) A new low emission diesel engine equipped with a fully electronically controlled common-rail type fuel injection system was developed. The system is composed of fuel injectors and a fuel supply pump, which are electronically controlled, and a common-rail, and enables engine idling noise and vibration to be reduced, as well as NOx emissions, by means of optimally and directly controlling fuel injection characteristics at the electronically controlled devices according to the engine speed/load conditions.

9633874 Study on the Piston Skirt Deformation in Engine Operation Tatsuya Koizumi, Hideshi Hitosugi, Mikio Yamane, Shoichi Fumhama (Musashi Institute of Technology) Piston slap is a major source of mechanical noise. Much research has been done on the skirt profile or skirt clearance between the cylinder and the piston. However, as the Piston skirt causes thermal deformation by thermal stress and mechanical deformation by cylinder pressure and thrust force in high power conditions, this analysis becomes very complex. This study was conducted to investigate the relation of slap noise and piston profile (hole type, slit or skirt ovality) by studying the contact portion of piston skirt for cylinder bore.

9633883 A Consideration on Stick-Slip of Piston Oil Control Ring Research of Phenomenon and A Consideration on Factor of the Piston Ring - - Atsushi Yamamoto, Shuji Saitoh (Isuzu Motors Limited), Yoshiyuki komatsu (Teikoku Pistonring Co., Ltd.) A number of analytical studies have been made on piston-related noise. However, ring-related noises have been little studied, and there has been no report to date dealing with this noise specifically. In order to reveal the mechanism of producing piston ring noise from a gasoline engine during idling, the piston secondary motion and the vertical direction oil ring motion were analyzed. This analysis showed that the stick-slip phenomenon of the upper side rail of the oil ring occurs in the vertical direction. Factors of the stick-slip were also studied in terms of friction of the piston ring.

9633892 Characteristics of Friction Force on Piston Pin Boss Bearings Tadahiro Suhara, Toshikazu Takei, Masaaki Takiguti (Musashi Institute of Technology) This paper describes a measuring instrument for the friction force at the piston pin boss bearings of an automobile gasoline engine, which the authors have developed for determination of the lubricating condition. Using this measuring instrument, it was clearly indicated that it is charac~rized by the non-fluid lubricating condition having two peaks of friction force per cycle at the high load engine operating condition. It is also deduced from the Stribeck diagram that the major cause of the non-fluid lubrication is the insufficient supply of lubrication oil.

9633900 Performance of Microgrooved Bearings in Automotive Engines - Part 2: Running-in Property - Yoshio Kumada, Katsuyuki Hashizume (Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Yoshitsugu Kimura (University of Tokyo) Running-in experiments were conducted under static-loads with the microgrooved bearings in comparison with normal plain bearings. First, electrical contact resistance is determined between the shaft and a bearing, and quantitative representation is given for the results. Secondly, friction torque and bearing temperature are measured with decreasing bearing number. Both show superior running-in properties of the microgrooved bearings.