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Influence of anxiety on postural control in humans standing with moving visual cues
Abstracts
I-P-034 Influence of anxiety on postural control in humans standing with moving visual cues a
b
Masanori Nagai , Hiromi Ohno a Department of Physiology, Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yamanashi, Japan b Tokyo Laboratories, Kao Incorporation, Japan We have previously found that the level of anxiety affects body sway during orthostatic standing in college students (Ohno et al., Neurosci. Lett. 364: 37–39, 2004). The area of body sway and sway length in antero-posterior axis increase in participants with higher anxiety. The influence of anxiety is diminished when eyes are closed. Fast Fourie's Transform (FFT) analysis has shown that anxiety changes the frequency components of body sway, i.e. an increase in the lower frequency component, reflecting visual and vestibular inputs, and a decrease in the higher frequency component, under the influence of somatosensory input (Wada et al., Neurosci. Lett. 302: 157–159, 2001). In participants with eyes closed, changes in frequency components of body sway are not observed. Therefore, we have raised the hypothesis that anxiety predominantly influences the processing of visual information concerning the postural balance. In the present experiments, we examined whether anxiety affects body sway in participants standing with a visual target moving in depth. The size of visual target continuously varied between 5.34° and 8.0° in visual angle with a frequency of 0.33 Hz. This change in the size of visual target was equivalent to the movement of the target by 60 cm in depth. Anxiety level of the participants was scored by State- and Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Body sway was recorded for 1 min, and the power of the four frequency bands (0.01–0.1 Hz, 0.1–0.2 Hz, 0.2–1.0 Hz and 1.0–10 Hz) were determined by FFT analysis. A negative correlation between the degree of anxiety and the power of 0.1–0.2 Hz band in body sway of left-right axis was found to be statistically significant. In general, body sway of 0.1– 0.2 Hz is predominantly influenced and stabilized by visual and vestibular inputs. The movement of visual target increased the power of body sway in antero-posterior axis with the peak power corresponding to the moving frequency of 0.3 Hz. However, body sway during the movement of the target revealed a negative correlation with the degree of anxiety. This result shows that participants with higher anxiety are less influenced by the movement of the visual target in depth. The negative correlation between the degree of anxiety and the power of 0.1–0.2 Hz band of body sway is therefore explained by the lower sensitivity to moving target in humans with higher anxiety. Anxiety affects body sway in different manner when the visual target is moving in depth. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2007.06.148
91
I-P-035 The quality of sleep and blood pressure variability Takashi Yamanaka a,b, Emiko Takasugi a,b, Norihiro Hotta a,b, Sachiko Oinuma a,b, Yutaka Kubo b, Kuniaki Otsuka a,b a Department of Home Medical Care, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan b Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan Introduction There exists close relationship between sleep and autonomic nervous activities. We examined the relationship between the quality of sleep and heart rate variabilities in community-dwelling people by the field medical investigation. Method We have carried out the field medical investigation every year in U town Hokkaido and T town Kochi, and conduct the follow-up investigation. The survey items are BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, IMT of carotid artery, baPWV, ABI, CAVI, with or without of atrial fibrillation or ventricular arrhythmias, heart rate variabilities (SDNN,pNN50,VLF,LF, HF,LF/HF), ADL functions (Barthel index, Lawton scale, Timed Up & Go test, Button test, Functional Reach test), cognitive functions (MMSE, HDSR, Kohs), Depressive mood (GDS-15), questions about sleep condition, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for a week. Results In U town Hokkaido and T town in Kochi respectively, we observed snore in 58%, 67%, restless leg syndrome in 10%, 8%, leg cramps in 22% (U town Hokkaido), awake for micturition in 53%, 36%, early-morning awakening in 19%, 15%, the tired feeling when awaking in 16%, 14%, the slight tired feeling when awaking in 32%, 28%. There were significant correlation between sleep quality and morning SBP and DBP in home, SBP observed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for a week ( p b0.05). The quality of sleep correlated with health status, mood associated Quality of life (QOL) and depression. In non-dipper or reverse-dipper group, it revealed that the time to awaken delayed and sleep duration prolonged. Conclusion The blood pressure fluctuates during sleep with the change of autonomic nervous activities. Further investigation using indices that reflects autonomic nervous activities directly will be needed. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2007.06.149
I-P-034 Influence of anxiety on postural control in humans standing with moving visual cues a
b
Masanori Nagai , Hiromi Ohno a Department of Physiology, Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yamanashi, Japan b Tokyo Laboratories, Kao Incorporation, Japan We have previously found that the level of anxiety affects body sway during orthostatic standing in college students (Ohno et al., Neurosci. Lett. 364: 37–39, 2004). The area of body sway and sway length in antero-posterior axis increase in participants with higher anxiety. The influence of anxiety is diminished when eyes are closed. Fast Fourie's Transform (FFT) analysis has shown that anxiety changes the frequency components of body sway, i.e. an increase in the lower frequency component, reflecting visual and vestibular inputs, and a decrease in the higher frequency component, under the influence of somatosensory input (Wada et al., Neurosci. Lett. 302: 157–159, 2001). In participants with eyes closed, changes in frequency components of body sway are not observed. Therefore, we have raised the hypothesis that anxiety predominantly influences the processing of visual information concerning the postural balance. In the present experiments, we examined whether anxiety affects body sway in participants standing with a visual target moving in depth. The size of visual target continuously varied between 5.34° and 8.0° in visual angle with a frequency of 0.33 Hz. This change in the size of visual target was equivalent to the movement of the target by 60 cm in depth. Anxiety level of the participants was scored by State- and Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Body sway was recorded for 1 min, and the power of the four frequency bands (0.01–0.1 Hz, 0.1–0.2 Hz, 0.2–1.0 Hz and 1.0–10 Hz) were determined by FFT analysis. A negative correlation between the degree of anxiety and the power of 0.1–0.2 Hz band in body sway of left-right axis was found to be statistically significant. In general, body sway of 0.1– 0.2 Hz is predominantly influenced and stabilized by visual and vestibular inputs. The movement of visual target increased the power of body sway in antero-posterior axis with the peak power corresponding to the moving frequency of 0.3 Hz. However, body sway during the movement of the target revealed a negative correlation with the degree of anxiety. This result shows that participants with higher anxiety are less influenced by the movement of the visual target in depth. The negative correlation between the degree of anxiety and the power of 0.1–0.2 Hz band of body sway is therefore explained by the lower sensitivity to moving target in humans with higher anxiety. Anxiety affects body sway in different manner when the visual target is moving in depth. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2007.06.148
91
I-P-035 The quality of sleep and blood pressure variability Takashi Yamanaka a,b, Emiko Takasugi a,b, Norihiro Hotta a,b, Sachiko Oinuma a,b, Yutaka Kubo b, Kuniaki Otsuka a,b a Department of Home Medical Care, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan b Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan Introduction There exists close relationship between sleep and autonomic nervous activities. We examined the relationship between the quality of sleep and heart rate variabilities in community-dwelling people by the field medical investigation. Method We have carried out the field medical investigation every year in U town Hokkaido and T town Kochi, and conduct the follow-up investigation. The survey items are BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, IMT of carotid artery, baPWV, ABI, CAVI, with or without of atrial fibrillation or ventricular arrhythmias, heart rate variabilities (SDNN,pNN50,VLF,LF, HF,LF/HF), ADL functions (Barthel index, Lawton scale, Timed Up & Go test, Button test, Functional Reach test), cognitive functions (MMSE, HDSR, Kohs), Depressive mood (GDS-15), questions about sleep condition, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for a week. Results In U town Hokkaido and T town in Kochi respectively, we observed snore in 58%, 67%, restless leg syndrome in 10%, 8%, leg cramps in 22% (U town Hokkaido), awake for micturition in 53%, 36%, early-morning awakening in 19%, 15%, the tired feeling when awaking in 16%, 14%, the slight tired feeling when awaking in 32%, 28%. There were significant correlation between sleep quality and morning SBP and DBP in home, SBP observed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for a week ( p b0.05). The quality of sleep correlated with health status, mood associated Quality of life (QOL) and depression. In non-dipper or reverse-dipper group, it revealed that the time to awaken delayed and sleep duration prolonged. Conclusion The blood pressure fluctuates during sleep with the change of autonomic nervous activities. Further investigation using indices that reflects autonomic nervous activities directly will be needed. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2007.06.149