- Email: [email protected]
Influence of Diet on Body Composition in Mississippi State University Students
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 22
Poster Session: Professional Skills; Nutrition Assessment & Diagnosis; Medical Nutrition Therapy Implementing Malnutrition Documentation via Best Practice Alerts Author(s): L. Shinn, C. Sharp, L. Klemp, S. Peterson, D. Sowa; Rush University Medical Center Learning Outcome: To compare adult and pediatric provider responses to a best practice alert regarding malnutrition in the inpatient population for quality improvement. Background: A best practice alert (BPA) was created to alert both adult and pediatric providers via the electronic medical record whenever a patient was identified as malnourished by the RDN. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to compare adult and pediatric provider responses to the BPA. Methods: The RDN completed nutrition assessments on pediatric (2 patient care units) and adult (20 patient care units) patients deemed at nutritional risk. Both groups were categorized as mild, moderate, or severe malnutrition based upon institution guidelines. Upon the RDN documentation of malnutrition, the provider had the option to add malnutrition to the problem list, disagree with malnutrition classification or ignore the BPA until the patient was discharged. The total number of malnourished patients and provider responses to the BPA was collected. Results: A total of 439 patients were identified as malnourished by the RDN (5% pediatric and 95% adult). Approximately 70% of both pediatric and adult patients had malnutrition added to the problem list. Among the remaining patients, pediatric providers were more likely to disagree with the RDN malnutrition assessment compared to adult providers (25% versus 8%, p¼0.005). Conversely, adult providers were more likely to ignore the BPA by not acknowledging it prior to discharge compared to pediatric providers (4% versus 18%, p¼0.005). Conclusion: A malnutrition BPA can successfully improve documentation of malnutrition. However, adequate training is required to ensure providers can identify malnutrition and respond to the alert in a timely manner. Funding Disclosure: None
Influence of Body Image Perception on Dietary Behaviors among American Youth-Results from 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Author: S. Cearley; Research Consultant Learning Outcome: Upon review of this poster, attendees will be able to identify dietary behaviors among youth sampled in the 2015 Youth Behavior Risk Survey, and describe effective nutrition intervention strategies to promote body-image satisfaction among this population. Background: The CDC reports that obesity affects nearly 17% of America’s youth, increasing their risk for poor health. The purpose of this study was to determine if being overweight was associated with dietary behaviors among youth. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which used a three-stage cluster sampling design, aimed to assess health risk behaviors among youth including dietary behaviors. The sampling frame for this survey included all public and private schools located in the 50 States and the District of Columbia to statistically represent 180 schools. A total of 18,165 students were sampled for this study. Results: Out of 18,165 students, complete/nearly complete data was obtained from 15,624 students. Results showed that significantly higher proportion of youth who considered themselves overweight consumed salads and vegetables than youth who did not consider themselves overweight. However, fruit-consumption behavior did not differ by whether the youth perceived themselves to be overweight or not. Also, youth trying to lose weight were significantly more likely to consume salad than those not trying to lose weight. These findings suggest that nutrition education among youth has been successful in promoting healthy eating. Conclusion: We recommend nutrition education include healthy weight recommendations, beginning in elementary school to promote body image satisfaction among youth. Additionally, we recommend that nutrition education continue to include benefits of a plant-based diet to promote continuance of a healthy weight into adulthood. Funding Disclosure: None
Increased Dietary Supplement Use by Soldiers Suggests a Need to Promote FoodBased Strategies for Optimal Nutrition Author(s): A. Hatch1, R. Cole1, S. McGraw1, A. DiChiara2, E. Merrill2, A. Wright2, H. Lieberman1, A. Bukhari3; 1U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center, 3Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Learning Outcome: Participants will be able to identify main reasons why Soldiers are currently using dietary supplements as well as distinguish relationships between demographic factors and types of dietary supplements used among the population. In 2010, 64% of U.S. Army Soldiers used dietary supplements (DSs); top reasons for use were general health promotion, energy enhancement, and increasing muscle strength. PURPOSE: To examine the frequency and reasons for DS use among U.S. Soldiers. METHODS: In 2015, we administered DS surveys to 289 Soldiers (83% male, mean age SEM: 28 0.36y, BMI 26.5 0.2) at 3 installations; 129 participated in semi-structured focus groups. RESULTS: Overall, 75% of Soldiers used DSs at least once/week. The most commonly used DSs were protein and amino acids (52%) and multivitamins (47%). More males consumed protein and amino acids (56% vs. 27%, p<0.001) than females, but the primary reasons for using these DSs were the same across sexes (improve recovery, muscle mass, muscle strength). More females consumed individual vitamins/minerals (IVM) (40% vs. 22%, p¼0.013); with “decreasing stress” a primary reason. More enlisted Soldiers than officers consumed combination (40% vs. 28% p < 0.05) and weight loss (9% vs. 3%, p < 0.05) products. A greater percentage of normal weight vs. overweight/obese Soldiers used IVM (35% vs. 21% p < 0.05). Focus group discussions indicated the presence of DS specialty stores on military installations sends the message the Army promotes DS use. Despite uncertainty regarding their risks, Soldiers perceive DSs as a health benefit over the long term. CONCLUSION: Use of DSs appears to have increased over the past 5 years. Dietitians should educate Soldiers on effective food-based strategies to support health and maximize performance and recovery.
Influence of Diet on Body Composition in Mississippi State University Students Author(s): P. Tapanee, E. Flinner, C. Barnes, A. Saddam, K. Ensor, T. Mosby; Mississippi State University Learning Outcome: To understand the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of college students in Mississippi and its impact on body composition. Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases. It is one of the main public health issues for the state of Mississippi, with an obesity rate of 32.8% in young adults, which makes Mississippi ranked second highest in the nation. The purpose of this study is to compare the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of college students in Mississippi that fall into different body composition categories. One hundred fifty students participated in the study. An NIH Diet History Questionnaire was used to identify macronutrient and micronutrient intake. Body fat percentage was measured using a Tanita bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Students were placed in 3 body composition categories per American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for body fat percentages. Dietary intake was compared between those categories. The results of this study showed a trend of increased fat consumption with higher percentage of body fat: underweight (65.8 39.60 g), normal (68.1 48.24 g) and overweight (71.6 90.26 g). Saturated fat followed a similar trend underweight (23.8 32.19 g), normal (22.0 16.09 g) and overweight (65.8 39.60 g). We observed a relationship between fiber and iron consumption, both being consumed less by obese participants (14.74 16.04 g, 13.03 16.44 mg) and more by underweight participants (16.83 18.81 g, 16.01 13.98 mg). There were no significant differences in energy, carbohydrate, and protein consumption between groups. Findings of this study may contribute to the development of dietary recommendations for young adults. Funding Disclosure: Mississippi State University
Funding Disclosure: Supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
September 2017 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 117 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-27
Poster Session: Professional Skills; Nutrition Assessment & Diagnosis; Medical Nutrition Therapy Implementing Malnutrition Documentation via Best Practice Alerts Author(s): L. Shinn, C. Sharp, L. Klemp, S. Peterson, D. Sowa; Rush University Medical Center Learning Outcome: To compare adult and pediatric provider responses to a best practice alert regarding malnutrition in the inpatient population for quality improvement. Background: A best practice alert (BPA) was created to alert both adult and pediatric providers via the electronic medical record whenever a patient was identified as malnourished by the RDN. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to compare adult and pediatric provider responses to the BPA. Methods: The RDN completed nutrition assessments on pediatric (2 patient care units) and adult (20 patient care units) patients deemed at nutritional risk. Both groups were categorized as mild, moderate, or severe malnutrition based upon institution guidelines. Upon the RDN documentation of malnutrition, the provider had the option to add malnutrition to the problem list, disagree with malnutrition classification or ignore the BPA until the patient was discharged. The total number of malnourished patients and provider responses to the BPA was collected. Results: A total of 439 patients were identified as malnourished by the RDN (5% pediatric and 95% adult). Approximately 70% of both pediatric and adult patients had malnutrition added to the problem list. Among the remaining patients, pediatric providers were more likely to disagree with the RDN malnutrition assessment compared to adult providers (25% versus 8%, p¼0.005). Conversely, adult providers were more likely to ignore the BPA by not acknowledging it prior to discharge compared to pediatric providers (4% versus 18%, p¼0.005). Conclusion: A malnutrition BPA can successfully improve documentation of malnutrition. However, adequate training is required to ensure providers can identify malnutrition and respond to the alert in a timely manner. Funding Disclosure: None
Influence of Body Image Perception on Dietary Behaviors among American Youth-Results from 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Author: S. Cearley; Research Consultant Learning Outcome: Upon review of this poster, attendees will be able to identify dietary behaviors among youth sampled in the 2015 Youth Behavior Risk Survey, and describe effective nutrition intervention strategies to promote body-image satisfaction among this population. Background: The CDC reports that obesity affects nearly 17% of America’s youth, increasing their risk for poor health. The purpose of this study was to determine if being overweight was associated with dietary behaviors among youth. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which used a three-stage cluster sampling design, aimed to assess health risk behaviors among youth including dietary behaviors. The sampling frame for this survey included all public and private schools located in the 50 States and the District of Columbia to statistically represent 180 schools. A total of 18,165 students were sampled for this study. Results: Out of 18,165 students, complete/nearly complete data was obtained from 15,624 students. Results showed that significantly higher proportion of youth who considered themselves overweight consumed salads and vegetables than youth who did not consider themselves overweight. However, fruit-consumption behavior did not differ by whether the youth perceived themselves to be overweight or not. Also, youth trying to lose weight were significantly more likely to consume salad than those not trying to lose weight. These findings suggest that nutrition education among youth has been successful in promoting healthy eating. Conclusion: We recommend nutrition education include healthy weight recommendations, beginning in elementary school to promote body image satisfaction among youth. Additionally, we recommend that nutrition education continue to include benefits of a plant-based diet to promote continuance of a healthy weight into adulthood. Funding Disclosure: None
Increased Dietary Supplement Use by Soldiers Suggests a Need to Promote FoodBased Strategies for Optimal Nutrition Author(s): A. Hatch1, R. Cole1, S. McGraw1, A. DiChiara2, E. Merrill2, A. Wright2, H. Lieberman1, A. Bukhari3; 1U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center, 3Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Learning Outcome: Participants will be able to identify main reasons why Soldiers are currently using dietary supplements as well as distinguish relationships between demographic factors and types of dietary supplements used among the population. In 2010, 64% of U.S. Army Soldiers used dietary supplements (DSs); top reasons for use were general health promotion, energy enhancement, and increasing muscle strength. PURPOSE: To examine the frequency and reasons for DS use among U.S. Soldiers. METHODS: In 2015, we administered DS surveys to 289 Soldiers (83% male, mean age SEM: 28 0.36y, BMI 26.5 0.2) at 3 installations; 129 participated in semi-structured focus groups. RESULTS: Overall, 75% of Soldiers used DSs at least once/week. The most commonly used DSs were protein and amino acids (52%) and multivitamins (47%). More males consumed protein and amino acids (56% vs. 27%, p<0.001) than females, but the primary reasons for using these DSs were the same across sexes (improve recovery, muscle mass, muscle strength). More females consumed individual vitamins/minerals (IVM) (40% vs. 22%, p¼0.013); with “decreasing stress” a primary reason. More enlisted Soldiers than officers consumed combination (40% vs. 28% p < 0.05) and weight loss (9% vs. 3%, p < 0.05) products. A greater percentage of normal weight vs. overweight/obese Soldiers used IVM (35% vs. 21% p < 0.05). Focus group discussions indicated the presence of DS specialty stores on military installations sends the message the Army promotes DS use. Despite uncertainty regarding their risks, Soldiers perceive DSs as a health benefit over the long term. CONCLUSION: Use of DSs appears to have increased over the past 5 years. Dietitians should educate Soldiers on effective food-based strategies to support health and maximize performance and recovery.
Influence of Diet on Body Composition in Mississippi State University Students Author(s): P. Tapanee, E. Flinner, C. Barnes, A. Saddam, K. Ensor, T. Mosby; Mississippi State University Learning Outcome: To understand the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of college students in Mississippi and its impact on body composition. Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases. It is one of the main public health issues for the state of Mississippi, with an obesity rate of 32.8% in young adults, which makes Mississippi ranked second highest in the nation. The purpose of this study is to compare the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of college students in Mississippi that fall into different body composition categories. One hundred fifty students participated in the study. An NIH Diet History Questionnaire was used to identify macronutrient and micronutrient intake. Body fat percentage was measured using a Tanita bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Students were placed in 3 body composition categories per American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for body fat percentages. Dietary intake was compared between those categories. The results of this study showed a trend of increased fat consumption with higher percentage of body fat: underweight (65.8 39.60 g), normal (68.1 48.24 g) and overweight (71.6 90.26 g). Saturated fat followed a similar trend underweight (23.8 32.19 g), normal (22.0 16.09 g) and overweight (65.8 39.60 g). We observed a relationship between fiber and iron consumption, both being consumed less by obese participants (14.74 16.04 g, 13.03 16.44 mg) and more by underweight participants (16.83 18.81 g, 16.01 13.98 mg). There were no significant differences in energy, carbohydrate, and protein consumption between groups. Findings of this study may contribute to the development of dietary recommendations for young adults. Funding Disclosure: Mississippi State University
Funding Disclosure: Supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
September 2017 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 117 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-27