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Influenza vaccination in the prevention of acute otitis media in children
206 other. Close observation post-operatively determined the comparative rate of extrusion, recurrence of effusion, and of onset and degree of tympanosclerosis. At one year review, the Mini Shah shows a significantly earlier extrusion and a greater tendency to recurrence of otitis media with effusion. However, this is compensated by a decreased incidence of tympanosclerosis and reduced severity in those affected. This tends to support the view that shear forces produced by heavier patterns of ventilation tube promote tympanosclerosis. Influenza vaccination in the prevention of acute otitis media in children Heikkinen T.; Ruuskanen 0.; Waris M.; Ziegler T.; Arola M.; Halonen P. AM. J. DIS. CHILD. (1991) 145/4 (445-448)
We studied a new approach to the prevention of acute otitis media through the administration of influenza vaccine to 187 day-care center children aged 1 to 3 years before the influenza A epidemic of 1988-1989. The control group consisted of 187 unvaccinated children of similar age and background. During the 6-week study period, influenza A infection was diagnosed in five (3%) of 187 vaccinees and in 29 (16%) of 187 controls. Acute otitis media developed in three (60%) of five vaccinees with an influenza A infection compared with 18 (67%) of 27 controls (excluded were two children with a double viral infection). The incidence of acute otitis media associated with influenza A was reduced by 83% in the vaccinees. The total number of children with acute otitis media in the vaccine group was 35, compared with 55 in the control group, disclosing a 36% reduction among the vaccinees. We conclude that influenza vaccination decreases the incidence of acute otitis media in children during an influenza A epidemic, suggesting also that other vaccines against respiratory viruses may be an effective way to reduce the incidence of acute otitis media. Progressive hearing loss in children with congenital cytomegalovirus Hickson L.M.H.; Alcock D. J. PAEDIATR. CHILD HEALTH (1991) 27/2 (105-107)
Case studies of five children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) who were referred for audiological evaluation are presented. Significant deterioration of hearing was noted in all cases within the first 4 years of life. It is essential that neonates with congenital CMV be referred for hearing assessment and that the child’s hearing be monitored on a long-term basis. Early intervention is vital for the speech and language development of the hearing-impaired child. Polymerase chain reaction identification of human papillomavirus recurrent respiratory papillomatosis Kashima H.K.; Kessis T.; Mounts P.; Shah K. OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG. (1991) 104/2 (191-195)
DNA in CO,
laser plume from
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was identified in the plume produced during CO, laser vaporization of respiratory tract papillomata. The plume produced from CO, vaporization was collected on Gelfoam pledgets that were affixed to suction tips evacuating the vapor plume from the operative field. The Gelfoam pledgets were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, processed, and examined for HPV-6 and HPV-11 DNA by a polymerase chain reaction technique. Tissue and vapor-plume specimens were collected from 22 patients undergoing CO, laser excision of laryngeal lesions. Seven patients had adult-onset recurrent respiratory laryngeal papillomatosis (RRP), 12 had juvenile-onset RRP, two had laryngeal carcinoma, and one had nonspecific laryngitis. HPV-6 or HPV-11 was identified in 17 of 27 vapor-plume specimens from RRP and in none of three from non-RRP lesions. All but one RRP tissue specimen contained HPV-DNA, and none of the non-RRP tissues contained HPV-DNA. When HPV was present in vapor, the same HPV type was found in the corresponding tissue specimen. Identification of HPV-DNA in the laser plume raises concern regarding potential risks from exposure to the plume-particularly to the endoscopic surgeon and the operating team. The practical concerns and effectiveness of the plume scavenging systems are discussed. Kinematic analysis of lip closure in stutterers’ fluent speech McClean M.D.; Kroll R.M.; Loftus N.S. J. SPEECH HEAR. RES. (1990) 33/4 (755-760)
An analysis of lip and jaw motion was carried out in order to evaluate previous observations on the fluent speech of stutterers and to describe possible effects of speech therapy. A strain gauge system was
We studied a new approach to the prevention of acute otitis media through the administration of influenza vaccine to 187 day-care center children aged 1 to 3 years before the influenza A epidemic of 1988-1989. The control group consisted of 187 unvaccinated children of similar age and background. During the 6-week study period, influenza A infection was diagnosed in five (3%) of 187 vaccinees and in 29 (16%) of 187 controls. Acute otitis media developed in three (60%) of five vaccinees with an influenza A infection compared with 18 (67%) of 27 controls (excluded were two children with a double viral infection). The incidence of acute otitis media associated with influenza A was reduced by 83% in the vaccinees. The total number of children with acute otitis media in the vaccine group was 35, compared with 55 in the control group, disclosing a 36% reduction among the vaccinees. We conclude that influenza vaccination decreases the incidence of acute otitis media in children during an influenza A epidemic, suggesting also that other vaccines against respiratory viruses may be an effective way to reduce the incidence of acute otitis media. Progressive hearing loss in children with congenital cytomegalovirus Hickson L.M.H.; Alcock D. J. PAEDIATR. CHILD HEALTH (1991) 27/2 (105-107)
Case studies of five children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) who were referred for audiological evaluation are presented. Significant deterioration of hearing was noted in all cases within the first 4 years of life. It is essential that neonates with congenital CMV be referred for hearing assessment and that the child’s hearing be monitored on a long-term basis. Early intervention is vital for the speech and language development of the hearing-impaired child. Polymerase chain reaction identification of human papillomavirus recurrent respiratory papillomatosis Kashima H.K.; Kessis T.; Mounts P.; Shah K. OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG. (1991) 104/2 (191-195)
DNA in CO,
laser plume from
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was identified in the plume produced during CO, laser vaporization of respiratory tract papillomata. The plume produced from CO, vaporization was collected on Gelfoam pledgets that were affixed to suction tips evacuating the vapor plume from the operative field. The Gelfoam pledgets were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, processed, and examined for HPV-6 and HPV-11 DNA by a polymerase chain reaction technique. Tissue and vapor-plume specimens were collected from 22 patients undergoing CO, laser excision of laryngeal lesions. Seven patients had adult-onset recurrent respiratory laryngeal papillomatosis (RRP), 12 had juvenile-onset RRP, two had laryngeal carcinoma, and one had nonspecific laryngitis. HPV-6 or HPV-11 was identified in 17 of 27 vapor-plume specimens from RRP and in none of three from non-RRP lesions. All but one RRP tissue specimen contained HPV-DNA, and none of the non-RRP tissues contained HPV-DNA. When HPV was present in vapor, the same HPV type was found in the corresponding tissue specimen. Identification of HPV-DNA in the laser plume raises concern regarding potential risks from exposure to the plume-particularly to the endoscopic surgeon and the operating team. The practical concerns and effectiveness of the plume scavenging systems are discussed. Kinematic analysis of lip closure in stutterers’ fluent speech McClean M.D.; Kroll R.M.; Loftus N.S. J. SPEECH HEAR. RES. (1990) 33/4 (755-760)
An analysis of lip and jaw motion was carried out in order to evaluate previous observations on the fluent speech of stutterers and to describe possible effects of speech therapy. A strain gauge system was