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INJECTION SET FOR ARTERIOGRAPHY IN THE LIMB
553 a store of calories, and fat patients for this reason were not always such poor surgical risks as they were supposed to be. Many cases of carcinoma of the upper intestinal tract had been found to have impaired fat absorption, which might be associated with negative ealcium balance. Whenever possible he gave double the patient’s theoretical calorie requirement, based on the ideal weights, with four times the basic requirement of protein. Vitamins B and C were particularly necessary. Recently a case of carcinoma of the oesophagus had first presented at medical outpatients at Guy’s Hospital After a period of adequate as a case of frank scurvy. feeding the appetite itself often increased, which was a favourable sign of improvement. For each pound of tissue stored in response to adequate nutrition, 16 g. of nitrogen would be available for the katabolic phase, so that at least 7 lb. of rebuilt tissue was a desirable aim for preoperative preparation of the undernourished
vided
of the needle in the arterial lumen. If a piece of rubber tubing has first been mounted on the needle, as in the illustration, a piece of strapping applied across the rubber tubing, which itself is made to rest on the skin, securely anchors the needle to the skin ; the flexibility of the plastic tube prevents any subsequent disturbance of the needle during manipulations of the syringes. Occasional small injections of saline solution will maintain the patency of the needle, the tap being kept shut except during injections. Contrast medium is injected when desired after substituting a syringe containing the medium for that containing saline solution, and a further injection can readily be made if inspection of the first films shows it to be necessary. 20 ml. of 50 % diodone
can
seconds or less. Anaesthetic Equipment Ltd., London, W.l. C. J. LONGLAND
be delivered in
The set was made by New Cavendish Street,
University College Hospital, London
seven
Talley
M.V.O., M.S.
Lond.,
F.R.C.S.
patient. Miss ANNE SUTHERLAND said that every case must be treated on its merits. This was particularly true of from burns or trauma. The most patients suffering difficult ones were those needing multiple anaesthetics at operation, for normal feeding was then repeatedly interrupted. Adequate treatment could reduce the nitrogen loss and the duration of the negative balance ; though the negative balance could not be eliminated at least it should not be prolonged by starvation. If the intake of calories was deficient, protein was metabolised to provide energy. The high-protein, high-calorie diets ordered in the ward did not always provide the extra intake they were supposed to, and many patients for whom they were ordered were found on to be eating far less than they should. In Edinburgh, they had devised special high-calorie dietary supplements, and Dr. Sutherland gave some examples of the improvement that these might produce.
inquiry
New Inventions INJECTION SET FOR ARTERIOGRAPHY IN THE LIMB
FoR arteriography in the limb the set described here has been found superior to simple combinations of syringe, needle, and rubber tubing for injecting the contrast medium. The set consists of a 19 s.w.G. needle mounted on a length of vinyl-plastic tubing which is connected by a locking joint to a tap (see figure). This tubing has unusual flexibility, is translucent, and withstands autoclaving. The tap is set in a metal mount by a spring fitting; the base of the mount has perforations in it which allow it to be fixed to a conveniently placed sterile towel with towel clips. The mount supports a syringe of either 50 or 20 ml. capacity and holds it in position when it is screwed home into the tap by a second locking joint. The apparatus is readily dismantled for cleaning, and all the parts can be autoclaved. With the tap open and a syringe containing saline solution in position, the back flow of blood in the translucent tubing when the artery is entered is under direct observation, and this facilitates the correct adjustment
Reviews of Books Textbook of Gynecology JOHN I. BREWER, M.D., PH.D., professor of obstetrics and gynecology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins. London : Bailliere, Tindall, & Cox. 1953. Pp. 532. 76s. 6d. THE subject matter of this book is arranged in an original manner which has much to commend it. On the basis that knowledge and understanding of pathology should precede any attempt to master symptoms, signs, diagnosis, and treatment, the first part-some 200 pages - is concerned entirely with this aspect of gynaecology. This first section provides exactly what the student needs. It is a full, accurate, and interesting account of the various disorders and diseases which affect the female reproductive organs. The whole is beautifully illustrated with photographs of the actual lesions or of their microscopic appearance. The last 300 pages are concerned with the various symptoms of a possible, or impossible, gynaecological disorder. The author here displays his extensive knowledge and shows a great understanding of his patients. He helps the reader to realise the vital importance of the general mental, physical, and social background. The book contains only the indications for treatment and no operative details whatever, and in several ways it is an ideal textbook of gynaecology for the student. Nature and Structure of Collagen Editor : J. T. RANDALL, F.R.S., honorary director, Medical Research Council Biophysics Research Unit. Assisted by SYLVIA FITTON JACKSON. London : Butterworth. New York: Academic Press. 1953. Pp 269. 42s.
IN
March, 1953, the Faraday Society held
a conference the first in the United Kingdom-on connective-tissue research, and the proceedings show that the venture was well worth while. Much of the value of such a symposium lies in the mingling of different approaches to the subject, and those who are preoccupied with collagen as a component of diseased connective tissue will gain perspective from this book. More
- probably
than half of it deals with the physico-chemical properties and structure of collagen and its derivatives, as revealed by specialised techniques-e.g., X-ray diffraction studies, electron microscopy, electrophoresis, and chromatographic analysis. These and other studies reported here from such seemingly and diverse sources as textile and leather research, histopathology, as well as those from the rheumatism research centres, have established striking and, one may hope, significant facts about collagen.
biophysics,
The growing volume of contemporary research in connective-tissue diseases and rheumatism springs in part from the wish to explain therapeutic results, yet work in this direction remains inchoate.On the other hand, this absorbing and well-produced book is encouraging evidence of progress in basic analytical research into the nature of connective tissue.
vided
of the needle in the arterial lumen. If a piece of rubber tubing has first been mounted on the needle, as in the illustration, a piece of strapping applied across the rubber tubing, which itself is made to rest on the skin, securely anchors the needle to the skin ; the flexibility of the plastic tube prevents any subsequent disturbance of the needle during manipulations of the syringes. Occasional small injections of saline solution will maintain the patency of the needle, the tap being kept shut except during injections. Contrast medium is injected when desired after substituting a syringe containing the medium for that containing saline solution, and a further injection can readily be made if inspection of the first films shows it to be necessary. 20 ml. of 50 % diodone
can
seconds or less. Anaesthetic Equipment Ltd., London, W.l. C. J. LONGLAND
be delivered in
The set was made by New Cavendish Street,
University College Hospital, London
seven
Talley
M.V.O., M.S.
Lond.,
F.R.C.S.
patient. Miss ANNE SUTHERLAND said that every case must be treated on its merits. This was particularly true of from burns or trauma. The most patients suffering difficult ones were those needing multiple anaesthetics at operation, for normal feeding was then repeatedly interrupted. Adequate treatment could reduce the nitrogen loss and the duration of the negative balance ; though the negative balance could not be eliminated at least it should not be prolonged by starvation. If the intake of calories was deficient, protein was metabolised to provide energy. The high-protein, high-calorie diets ordered in the ward did not always provide the extra intake they were supposed to, and many patients for whom they were ordered were found on to be eating far less than they should. In Edinburgh, they had devised special high-calorie dietary supplements, and Dr. Sutherland gave some examples of the improvement that these might produce.
inquiry
New Inventions INJECTION SET FOR ARTERIOGRAPHY IN THE LIMB
FoR arteriography in the limb the set described here has been found superior to simple combinations of syringe, needle, and rubber tubing for injecting the contrast medium. The set consists of a 19 s.w.G. needle mounted on a length of vinyl-plastic tubing which is connected by a locking joint to a tap (see figure). This tubing has unusual flexibility, is translucent, and withstands autoclaving. The tap is set in a metal mount by a spring fitting; the base of the mount has perforations in it which allow it to be fixed to a conveniently placed sterile towel with towel clips. The mount supports a syringe of either 50 or 20 ml. capacity and holds it in position when it is screwed home into the tap by a second locking joint. The apparatus is readily dismantled for cleaning, and all the parts can be autoclaved. With the tap open and a syringe containing saline solution in position, the back flow of blood in the translucent tubing when the artery is entered is under direct observation, and this facilitates the correct adjustment
Reviews of Books Textbook of Gynecology JOHN I. BREWER, M.D., PH.D., professor of obstetrics and gynecology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins. London : Bailliere, Tindall, & Cox. 1953. Pp. 532. 76s. 6d. THE subject matter of this book is arranged in an original manner which has much to commend it. On the basis that knowledge and understanding of pathology should precede any attempt to master symptoms, signs, diagnosis, and treatment, the first part-some 200 pages - is concerned entirely with this aspect of gynaecology. This first section provides exactly what the student needs. It is a full, accurate, and interesting account of the various disorders and diseases which affect the female reproductive organs. The whole is beautifully illustrated with photographs of the actual lesions or of their microscopic appearance. The last 300 pages are concerned with the various symptoms of a possible, or impossible, gynaecological disorder. The author here displays his extensive knowledge and shows a great understanding of his patients. He helps the reader to realise the vital importance of the general mental, physical, and social background. The book contains only the indications for treatment and no operative details whatever, and in several ways it is an ideal textbook of gynaecology for the student. Nature and Structure of Collagen Editor : J. T. RANDALL, F.R.S., honorary director, Medical Research Council Biophysics Research Unit. Assisted by SYLVIA FITTON JACKSON. London : Butterworth. New York: Academic Press. 1953. Pp 269. 42s.
IN
March, 1953, the Faraday Society held
a conference the first in the United Kingdom-on connective-tissue research, and the proceedings show that the venture was well worth while. Much of the value of such a symposium lies in the mingling of different approaches to the subject, and those who are preoccupied with collagen as a component of diseased connective tissue will gain perspective from this book. More
- probably
than half of it deals with the physico-chemical properties and structure of collagen and its derivatives, as revealed by specialised techniques-e.g., X-ray diffraction studies, electron microscopy, electrophoresis, and chromatographic analysis. These and other studies reported here from such seemingly and diverse sources as textile and leather research, histopathology, as well as those from the rheumatism research centres, have established striking and, one may hope, significant facts about collagen.
biophysics,
The growing volume of contemporary research in connective-tissue diseases and rheumatism springs in part from the wish to explain therapeutic results, yet work in this direction remains inchoate.On the other hand, this absorbing and well-produced book is encouraging evidence of progress in basic analytical research into the nature of connective tissue.