- Email: [email protected]
Inside Front Cover-Editors, Aims, Scope of Journal
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY Editors C. Tien, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Syracuse University, 320 Hinds Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244-1190, USA (Tel: (+1) 315 443 4050/3351; Fax: (+1) 315 443 1243); E-mail: [email protected] A. de Haan, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands (Tel: (+31) 53 4895410; Fax: (+31) 53 4894821); E-mail: [email protected] G. Chen, Department of Chemical Engineering, The Hong Kong Univ. of Science & Technol., Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel.: +852 2358 7138; Fax: +852 2358 0054; E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board F.J. Alguacil (Madrid, Spain) R. Bai (Singapore) R.W. Baker (Menlo Park, CA, USA) M. Bülow (New Providence, NJ, USA) X.D. Chen (Auckland, New Zealand) C.B. Ching (Singapore) A. Denizli (Ankara, Turkey) E. Drioli (Arcavacata di Rende, Italy) U. von Gemmingen (Hoellriegelskreuth, Germany) R. Gimbel (Duisburg, Germany) G. Jonsson (Lyngby, Denmark) R.-S. Juang (Chungli, Taiwan) K. Knoblauch (Essen, Germany) J.T. Lavin (Cheshire, UK) A.I. Liapis (Rolla, MO, USA) H. Liu (Beijing, China) W.-M. Lu (Taipei, Taiwan) Ma Yi Hua (Worcester, MA, USA)
M. Morbidelli (Zurich, Switzerland) R.D. Noble (Boulder, CO, USA) A.E. Rodrigues (Porto, Portugal) K. Schaber (Karlsruhe, Germany) Y. Sun (Tianjin, China) M. Suzuki (Tokyo, Japan) Y. Takeuchi (Kawasaki, Japan) K.K. Unger (Mainz, Germany) B. Van der Bruggen (Heverlee, Belgium) S. Vigneswaran (Broadway, NSW, Australia) B. Volesky (Montreal, Canada) E. Vorobiev (Cedex, France) D. Wasan (Chicago, IL, USA) M. Wessling (Enschede, Netherlands) Y.P. Yampolskii (Moscow, Russia) H. Yoshida (Hiroshima, Japan) V.I. Zabolotsky (Krasnodar, Russia)
Aims and Scope of the Journal Separation and Purification Technology is a bimonthly international journal providing a comprehensive coverage of all aspects of separation and purification of homogeneous gaseous and liquid solutions and heterogeneous mixtures, such as emulsions or gas/solid, liquid/solid and solid mixtures. Separation and Purification Technology welcomes in particular contributions focused on applications in the environmental protection industry, the recycling of valuable materials from industrial wastes, and the treatment of separation and purification problems in emerging technologies including energy storage and conversion systems, raw material and renewable energy exploitation, biotechnology and chemical or petrochemical processing. The papers published in Separation and Purification Technology should have either theoretical significance or practical utility or both. They may be presented in the form of full articles, short communications or state-of-the-art reviews. All contributions will be reviewed by two or more referees to ensure both scientific quality and technical relevance. Revisions of manuscripts may thus be required. Information regarding manuscript submission can be obtained from any one of the editors.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY Submission of Manuscripts Please submit your manuscript to one of the following editors. Professor C. Tien, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Syracuse University, 320 Hinds Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244-1190, USA (Tel.: (+1) 315 443 4050/3351; fax: (+1) 315 443 1243) Professor A. de Haan, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands (Tel.: (+31) 53 489 5410; Fax: (+31) 53 489 4821); E-mail: [email protected] G. Chen, Department of Chemical Engineering, The Hong Kong Univ. of Science & Technol., Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel.: +852 2358 7138; Fax: +852 2358 0054; E-mail: [email protected] Authors can also upload their article as a LaTeX, Microsoft® (MS) Word®, WordPerfect®, PostScript or Adobe® Acrobat® PDF document via the ‘‘Author Gateway’’ page of this journal where you will also find a detailed description on its use. The system generates an Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article which is used for the reviewing process. It is crucial that all graphical and tabular elements be placed within the text, so that the file is suitable for reviewing. Authors, Reviewers and Editors send and receive all correspondence by e-mail and no paper correspondence is necessary.
For a full and complete Guide for Authors, please refer to Separation and Purification Technology, Vol 41, issue 3, The instructions can also be found on the World Wide Web: http://www.authors.elsevier.com Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright (for more information on copyright see (http://authors.elsevier.com). This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact ES Global Rights Department, P.O. Box 800, Oxford, 0X5 1DX, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: [email protected] Offprints: Elsevier are undertaking a pilot project for delivering electronic offprints in lieu of paper offprints. This journal has been selected to participate in this project. Not only should an electronic offprint mean ease of use to you, but more so it will significantly decrease delivery time, and therefore we would hope you receive a better service from us. At the time the issue which includes your article is about to be printed, you will receive your offprint in an electronic format, i.e. a pdf, via e-mail. Language Polishing. For authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorshome.authors/languagepolishing or contact [email protected] for more information. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. For more information please refer to our terms & conditions (http://authors.elsevier.com/terms_and_conditions.html). Author enquiries: For enquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission where available) please visit Elsevier’s Author Gateway at http://authors.elsevier.com. The Author Gateway also provides the facility to track accepted articles and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article’s status has changed, as well as detailed artwork guidelines, copyright information, frequently asked questions and more.
Publication Information: Separation and Purification Technology (ISSN 1383-5866). For 2006 volumes 46–51 are scheduled for publication. Subscription prices are available upon request from the Publisher or from the Regional Sales Office nearest you or from this journal’s website (http://www.elsevier.com/ locate/seppur). Further information is available on this journal and other Elsevier products through Elsevier’s website: (http://www.elsevier.com). Subscriptions are accepted on a prepaid basis only and are entered on a calendar year basis. Issues are sent by standard mail (surface within Europe, air delivery outside Europe). Priority rates are available upon request. Claims for missing issues should be made within six months of the date of dispatch. Orders, claims, and journal enquiries: please contact the Customer Service Department at the Regional Sales Office nearest you: Orlando: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800, USA; phone: (+1) (877) 8397126 [toll free number for US customers], or (+1) (407) 3454020 [customers outside US]; fax: (+1) (407) 3631354; e-mail: [email protected] Amsterdam: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; phone: (+31) (20) 4853757; fax: (+31) (20) 4853432; e-mail: [email protected] Tokyo: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 4F Higashi-Azabu, 1-Chome Bldg, 1-9-15 Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan; phone: (+81) (3) 5561 5037; fax: (+81) (3) 5561 5047; e-mail: [email protected] Singapore: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 3 Killiney Road, #08-01 Winsland House I, Singapore 239519; phone: (+65) 63490222; fax: (+65) 67331510; e-mail: [email protected]
Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided after registration of an article for publication.
The Journal of Separation and Purification Technology has no page charges Advertising information: Advertising orders and enquiries can be sent to: USA, Canada and South America: Mr Tino DeCarlo, The Advertising Department, Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10010-1710, USA; phone: (+1) (212) 633 3815; fax: (+1) (212) 633 3820; e-mail: [email protected]. Europe and ROW: Commercial Sales Department, Elsevier Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843016; fax: (+44) 1865 843976; e-mail: [email protected] USA mailing notice: Separation and Purification Technology (ISSN 1383-5866) is published bimonthly by Elsevier B.V. (P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Annual subscription price in the USA US$ 1,702 (valid in North, Central and South America), including air speed delivery. Periodical postage rate paid at Jamaica, NY 11431. USA POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Separation and Purification Technology, Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave, Elmont, NY 11003. AIRFREIGHT AND MAILING in the USA by Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Avenue, Elmont, NY 11003. The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Printed in the Netherlands
3/17/06
8:47 AM
Page 1
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY Editors C. Tien, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Syracuse University, 320 Hinds Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244-1190, USA (Tel: (+1) 315 443 4050/3351; Fax: (+1) 315 443 1243); E-mail: [email protected] A. de Haan, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands (Tel: (+31) 53 4895410; Fax: (+31) 53 4894821); E-mail: [email protected] G. Chen, Department of Chemical Engineering, The Hong Kong Univ. of Science & Technol., Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel.: +852 2358 7138; Fax: +852 2358 0054; E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board F.J. Alguacil (Madrid, Spain) R. Bai (Singapore) R.W. Baker (Menlo Park, CA, USA) M. Bülow (New Providence, NJ, USA) X.D. Chen (Auckland, New Zealand) C.B. Ching (Singapore) A. Denizli (Ankara, Turkey) E. Drioli (Arcavacata di Rende, Italy) U. von Gemmingen (Hoellriegelskreuth, Germany) R. Gimbel (Duisburg, Germany) G. Jonsson (Lyngby, Denmark) R.-S. Juang (Chungli, Taiwan) K. Knoblauch (Essen, Germany) J.T. Lavin (Cheshire, UK) A.I. Liapis (Rolla, MO, USA) H. Liu (Beijing, China) W.-M. Lu (Taipei, Taiwan) Ma Yi Hua (Worcester, MA, USA)
M. Morbidelli (Zurich, Switzerland) R.D. Noble (Boulder, CO, USA) A.E. Rodrigues (Porto, Portugal) K. Schaber (Karlsruhe, Germany) Y. Sun (Tianjin, China) M. Suzuki (Tokyo, Japan) Y. Takeuchi (Kawasaki, Japan) K.K. Unger (Mainz, Germany) B. Van der Bruggen (Heverlee, Belgium) S. Vigneswaran (Broadway, NSW, Australia) B. Volesky (Montreal, Canada) E. Vorobiev (Cedex, France) D. Wasan (Chicago, IL, USA) M. Wessling (Enschede, Netherlands) Y.P. Yampolskii (Moscow, Russia) H. Yoshida (Hiroshima, Japan) V.I. Zabolotsky (Krasnodar, Russia)
Aims and Scope of the Journal Separation and Purification Technology is a bimonthly international journal providing a comprehensive coverage of all aspects of separation and purification of homogeneous gaseous and liquid solutions and heterogeneous mixtures, such as emulsions or gas/solid, liquid/solid and solid mixtures. Separation and Purification Technology welcomes in particular contributions focused on applications in the environmental protection industry, the recycling of valuable materials from industrial wastes, and the treatment of separation and purification problems in emerging technologies including energy storage and conversion systems, raw material and renewable energy exploitation, biotechnology and chemical or petrochemical processing. The papers published in Separation and Purification Technology should have either theoretical significance or practical utility or both. They may be presented in the form of full articles, short communications or state-of-the-art reviews. All contributions will be reviewed by two or more referees to ensure both scientific quality and technical relevance. Revisions of manuscripts may thus be required. Information regarding manuscript submission can be obtained from any one of the editors.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY Submission of Manuscripts Please submit your manuscript to one of the following editors. Professor C. Tien, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Syracuse University, 320 Hinds Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244-1190, USA (Tel.: (+1) 315 443 4050/3351; fax: (+1) 315 443 1243) Professor A. de Haan, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands (Tel.: (+31) 53 489 5410; Fax: (+31) 53 489 4821); E-mail: [email protected] G. Chen, Department of Chemical Engineering, The Hong Kong Univ. of Science & Technol., Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel.: +852 2358 7138; Fax: +852 2358 0054; E-mail: [email protected] Authors can also upload their article as a LaTeX, Microsoft® (MS) Word®, WordPerfect®, PostScript or Adobe® Acrobat® PDF document via the ‘‘Author Gateway’’ page of this journal where you will also find a detailed description on its use. The system generates an Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article which is used for the reviewing process. It is crucial that all graphical and tabular elements be placed within the text, so that the file is suitable for reviewing. Authors, Reviewers and Editors send and receive all correspondence by e-mail and no paper correspondence is necessary.
For a full and complete Guide for Authors, please refer to Separation and Purification Technology, Vol 41, issue 3, The instructions can also be found on the World Wide Web: http://www.authors.elsevier.com Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright (for more information on copyright see (http://authors.elsevier.com). This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact ES Global Rights Department, P.O. Box 800, Oxford, 0X5 1DX, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: [email protected] Offprints: Elsevier are undertaking a pilot project for delivering electronic offprints in lieu of paper offprints. This journal has been selected to participate in this project. Not only should an electronic offprint mean ease of use to you, but more so it will significantly decrease delivery time, and therefore we would hope you receive a better service from us. At the time the issue which includes your article is about to be printed, you will receive your offprint in an electronic format, i.e. a pdf, via e-mail. Language Polishing. For authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorshome.authors/languagepolishing or contact [email protected] for more information. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. For more information please refer to our terms & conditions (http://authors.elsevier.com/terms_and_conditions.html). Author enquiries: For enquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission where available) please visit Elsevier’s Author Gateway at http://authors.elsevier.com. The Author Gateway also provides the facility to track accepted articles and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article’s status has changed, as well as detailed artwork guidelines, copyright information, frequently asked questions and more.
Publication Information: Separation and Purification Technology (ISSN 1383-5866). For 2006 volumes 46–51 are scheduled for publication. Subscription prices are available upon request from the Publisher or from the Regional Sales Office nearest you or from this journal’s website (http://www.elsevier.com/ locate/seppur). Further information is available on this journal and other Elsevier products through Elsevier’s website: (http://www.elsevier.com). Subscriptions are accepted on a prepaid basis only and are entered on a calendar year basis. Issues are sent by standard mail (surface within Europe, air delivery outside Europe). Priority rates are available upon request. Claims for missing issues should be made within six months of the date of dispatch. Orders, claims, and journal enquiries: please contact the Customer Service Department at the Regional Sales Office nearest you: Orlando: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800, USA; phone: (+1) (877) 8397126 [toll free number for US customers], or (+1) (407) 3454020 [customers outside US]; fax: (+1) (407) 3631354; e-mail: [email protected] Amsterdam: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; phone: (+31) (20) 4853757; fax: (+31) (20) 4853432; e-mail: [email protected] Tokyo: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 4F Higashi-Azabu, 1-Chome Bldg, 1-9-15 Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan; phone: (+81) (3) 5561 5037; fax: (+81) (3) 5561 5047; e-mail: [email protected] Singapore: Elsevier, Customer Service Department, 3 Killiney Road, #08-01 Winsland House I, Singapore 239519; phone: (+65) 63490222; fax: (+65) 67331510; e-mail: [email protected]
Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided after registration of an article for publication.
The Journal of Separation and Purification Technology has no page charges Advertising information: Advertising orders and enquiries can be sent to: USA, Canada and South America: Mr Tino DeCarlo, The Advertising Department, Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10010-1710, USA; phone: (+1) (212) 633 3815; fax: (+1) (212) 633 3820; e-mail: [email protected]. Europe and ROW: Commercial Sales Department, Elsevier Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843016; fax: (+44) 1865 843976; e-mail: [email protected] USA mailing notice: Separation and Purification Technology (ISSN 1383-5866) is published bimonthly by Elsevier B.V. (P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Annual subscription price in the USA US$ 1,702 (valid in North, Central and South America), including air speed delivery. Periodical postage rate paid at Jamaica, NY 11431. USA POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Separation and Purification Technology, Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave, Elmont, NY 11003. AIRFREIGHT AND MAILING in the USA by Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Avenue, Elmont, NY 11003. The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Printed in the Netherlands