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Instant time standards
Room (Prosthetic), Dental Operating Room (Preventive Dentistry/Oral Hygiene). These design criteria are intended to assist the Naval Ship Systems Command in designing and building shipboard Dental Operating rooms which will most efficiently and economically accomplish their purpose. They embody an arrangement of modern types of equipment which will take advantage of recent advances in dental techniques and equipment design. At the same time, they require a minimum of space.
4.1.30 (60754)
Taubin, M.G. and Vapnik, Z.A. A Workplace for the Manual Finishing of Shoes (Rabocee Mesto Dlja Rucnoj Otdelki Obuvi). (In Russian.) Kosevenno-Obuvnaja Promyslennost, Mar. 1971, 13.3, 1 2 - 1 6 ; a b s t r . in Occupationdl Safety and Health Abstracts. The paper contains a description, with illustrations and detailed drawings, of a workplace designed by ergonomists, industrial hygienists and work study experts for the finishing of shoes, a work table equipped with a foot rest (the height and angle of which can be adjusted), various compartments and drawers, a pivoting holder for drying shoes, fitted with a localexhaust nozzle, and exhaust outlets incorporated in the front of the table together with an adjustable pivoting seat and a work lamp. 4.1.31 (60755)
Uhlmann, J. and Schaarschmidt, K,H. Technical Design and Work-Place Design (Technische Formgestaltung und Gegenst~ndliches Arbeitsmilieu). (In German.) Fertigungstechnik und Betrieb, 1970, 20.11, 6 6 2 - 6 6 4 ; abstr, in ICSID Design Bibliography. The development of design under the influence of the scientific-technical revolution is discussed. Increase of preparedness to work and to produce, of capacity performance and of the well-being of the operators of the production process by aesthetic design are included in the article. Colour design is considered as part of workplace design.
52
Applied Ergonomics March 1973
4.1.32 (60760)
Gauchier, P. and Dumortier, L. A Study of the Dimensions and Layout of Driver's Positions on Power Trucks (Etude de la Structure Dimensionnelle et Posturale du Poste de Cariste). (In French.) Archives des Maladies Professionnelles, J a m - F e b . 1971, 3 2 . 1 - 2 , 2 4 0 - 2 5 0 ; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts. The frequency of lumbago among the drivers of power trucks prompted the authors to investigate the cause and possible measures of prevention. Proceeding from anthropometric data, they show that comparison of the mechanical structure of the driver's position and man's biomechanical structure indicates whether the controls are correctly positioned and whether the posture which they require the driver to adopt is acceptable or not for prolonged working. It is then possible to determine the angles of comfort of the various sections of the human body, the optimum position of the controls, height of the seat, angle of the steering wheel and backrest, etc.
4.1.33 (60771)
Zander, J. Ergonomics in Machine Design (A Case-Study of the Self-Propelled Combine Harvester). H. Veenman and N. V. Zones, Wageningen, 1972, 161 pp. The study has been developed as follows: (1) The anthropometric characteristics of the human body, as well as the nature and frequency of the motions, are dealt with in Chapter 2 ( A n t h r o p o m e t r y ) ; the data from the lay-out studies are discussed. (2) The activities in a man-task system are dealt with in Chapter 3 (Perception), Chapter 4 (Selection) and Chapter 5 (Action). It will be indicated which parameters from various disciplines have to be used, as well as the measuring procedures and criteria belonging thereto; the data from indoor and field experiments are discussed. (3) The results of the ergonomic system-analysis are dealt with in Chapter 6 (Ideal Concept) and
Chapter 7 (Summary andConclusions); the integration of the results from layout studies, indoor field experiments is discussed.
Selection 4.1.34 (60948)
Keohane, J. Keyboard Operating in the Printing Industry: An Appraisal of Selection and Training Methods and Other Factors Affecting the Work. National Institute of Industrial Psychology, Research Report No. 20, Dec. 1969. The introduction of computerjustified type-setting using perforator keyboards was radically altering the work of keyboard operators, and many were unable to reach the performance standards expected of them when transferred to the new types of machine. The object of this study, undertaken at the request of the Newspaper Society, was to discover whether improved methods of selection or training might help, and, in particular, to assess the usefulness of sPecially designed aptitude tests. The report describes differences in commonly used equipment and shows how these differences may bear on the output of operators and on their selection and training; some of the recommendations it makes are of particular relevance to the printing industry. When considering the advantages of computer-justified typesetting, account should be taken of possible staffing problems.
Statistical techniques 4.1.35 (60958)
Martin, D.D. Instant Time Standards. Industrial Engineering, Nov. 1971, 3.11, 2 4 - 2 7 . Multiple regression analysis is a very useful method of developing gross time standards when work measurement is needed quickly. They can be tested for statistical validity, and the cost is relatively small. The report is a case in point.
4.1.30 (60754)
Taubin, M.G. and Vapnik, Z.A. A Workplace for the Manual Finishing of Shoes (Rabocee Mesto Dlja Rucnoj Otdelki Obuvi). (In Russian.) Kosevenno-Obuvnaja Promyslennost, Mar. 1971, 13.3, 1 2 - 1 6 ; a b s t r . in Occupationdl Safety and Health Abstracts. The paper contains a description, with illustrations and detailed drawings, of a workplace designed by ergonomists, industrial hygienists and work study experts for the finishing of shoes, a work table equipped with a foot rest (the height and angle of which can be adjusted), various compartments and drawers, a pivoting holder for drying shoes, fitted with a localexhaust nozzle, and exhaust outlets incorporated in the front of the table together with an adjustable pivoting seat and a work lamp. 4.1.31 (60755)
Uhlmann, J. and Schaarschmidt, K,H. Technical Design and Work-Place Design (Technische Formgestaltung und Gegenst~ndliches Arbeitsmilieu). (In German.) Fertigungstechnik und Betrieb, 1970, 20.11, 6 6 2 - 6 6 4 ; abstr, in ICSID Design Bibliography. The development of design under the influence of the scientific-technical revolution is discussed. Increase of preparedness to work and to produce, of capacity performance and of the well-being of the operators of the production process by aesthetic design are included in the article. Colour design is considered as part of workplace design.
52
Applied Ergonomics March 1973
4.1.32 (60760)
Gauchier, P. and Dumortier, L. A Study of the Dimensions and Layout of Driver's Positions on Power Trucks (Etude de la Structure Dimensionnelle et Posturale du Poste de Cariste). (In French.) Archives des Maladies Professionnelles, J a m - F e b . 1971, 3 2 . 1 - 2 , 2 4 0 - 2 5 0 ; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts. The frequency of lumbago among the drivers of power trucks prompted the authors to investigate the cause and possible measures of prevention. Proceeding from anthropometric data, they show that comparison of the mechanical structure of the driver's position and man's biomechanical structure indicates whether the controls are correctly positioned and whether the posture which they require the driver to adopt is acceptable or not for prolonged working. It is then possible to determine the angles of comfort of the various sections of the human body, the optimum position of the controls, height of the seat, angle of the steering wheel and backrest, etc.
4.1.33 (60771)
Zander, J. Ergonomics in Machine Design (A Case-Study of the Self-Propelled Combine Harvester). H. Veenman and N. V. Zones, Wageningen, 1972, 161 pp. The study has been developed as follows: (1) The anthropometric characteristics of the human body, as well as the nature and frequency of the motions, are dealt with in Chapter 2 ( A n t h r o p o m e t r y ) ; the data from the lay-out studies are discussed. (2) The activities in a man-task system are dealt with in Chapter 3 (Perception), Chapter 4 (Selection) and Chapter 5 (Action). It will be indicated which parameters from various disciplines have to be used, as well as the measuring procedures and criteria belonging thereto; the data from indoor and field experiments are discussed. (3) The results of the ergonomic system-analysis are dealt with in Chapter 6 (Ideal Concept) and
Chapter 7 (Summary andConclusions); the integration of the results from layout studies, indoor field experiments is discussed.
Selection 4.1.34 (60948)
Keohane, J. Keyboard Operating in the Printing Industry: An Appraisal of Selection and Training Methods and Other Factors Affecting the Work. National Institute of Industrial Psychology, Research Report No. 20, Dec. 1969. The introduction of computerjustified type-setting using perforator keyboards was radically altering the work of keyboard operators, and many were unable to reach the performance standards expected of them when transferred to the new types of machine. The object of this study, undertaken at the request of the Newspaper Society, was to discover whether improved methods of selection or training might help, and, in particular, to assess the usefulness of sPecially designed aptitude tests. The report describes differences in commonly used equipment and shows how these differences may bear on the output of operators and on their selection and training; some of the recommendations it makes are of particular relevance to the printing industry. When considering the advantages of computer-justified typesetting, account should be taken of possible staffing problems.
Statistical techniques 4.1.35 (60958)
Martin, D.D. Instant Time Standards. Industrial Engineering, Nov. 1971, 3.11, 2 4 - 2 7 . Multiple regression analysis is a very useful method of developing gross time standards when work measurement is needed quickly. They can be tested for statistical validity, and the cost is relatively small. The report is a case in point.